“The first web browser — or browser-editor rather — was called WorldWideWeb as, after all, when it was written in 1990 it was the only way to see the web. Much later it was renamed Nexus in order to save confusion between the program and the abstract information space (which is now spelled World Wide Web with spaces).”
“I wrote the program using a NeXT computer. This had the advantage that there were some great tools available — it was a great computing environment in general. In fact, I could do in a couple of months what would take more like a year on other platforms, because on the NeXT, a lot of it was done for me already. There was an application builder to make all the menus as quickly as you could dream them up. There were all the software parts to make a WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get — in other words direct manipulation of text on screen as on the printed or browsed page) word processor. I just had to add hypertext, (by subclassing the Text object).”
Cocoa is the contemporary descendant of NeXTSTEP/OpenStep, an object-oriented framework for Mac OS X that, together with tools like Interface Builder, facilitates rapid application development and good object-oriented programming practice.
Thankfully, there is now such a bounty of information about Cocoa available online that it would be futile to try to provide a comprehensive set of links. Rather than attempt to compete with Google, I'll just use this page to point out resources that I've found particularly useful or interesting.
CocoaDevCentral.com - nicely done Cocoa articles and tutorials
StepWise - longtime hub of the NeXT community and a good source of useful articles. The content is a bit dated now, but much of the info presented regarding OpenStep still applies to Mac OS X development.
O'Reilly's macdevcenter.com - lots of useful articles on Cocoa and Mac OS X development in general
iDevGames.com - tutorials and resources for aspiring Mac game developers
The Omni Group's developer pages: useful developer resources — including mailing lists, a substantial set of frameworks, and tips on game development for Mac OS X — from a company that has a great deal of experience doing OpenStep/WebObjects development and Mac OS X game ports
The Cocoa-Dev mailing list
OpenGL - a powerful, industry-standard API for real-time 3D and 2D rendering
WebKit - the web framework underlying Safari, now open-sourced