Known H始ault Families in Qu暫ec (1620-1821)
Stephen Charles Eno
This is a summary of all unrelated ハaud, H始ault, and Hunault men who have been identified as having established a family in New France and Qu暫ec from the earliest days to about 1825.
Although the origins of the family names ハaud, H始ault, and Hunault are different, their identical, or nearly identical, pronunciation has led to confusion and substitution of one for the other from the earliest days of New France. The spellings used below represent conventional spellings that have been used by the more common reference sources. In practice, over 40 variant spellings of the name have appeared in actual records.
Today, H始ault is by far the most common spelling used by descendents of all of these families, followed distantly by Haineault, H始eault, Hainault, Hunault, and Esnault. The spelling Eno is rare in Canada, but is common in the United States, where unfortunately, it may be confused with descendents of the Eno family of Great Britain which settled in Connecticut in the 1600s.
In terms of numbers, the descendents of of Toussaint Hunault dit Deschamps are the most numerous H始aults today, followed by those of Jacques Enaud dit Canada. The descendants of Louis H始ault dit Champagne largely abandoned the H始ault name and are generally .known as Champagne today. If you have an H始ault line in your recent ancestry, you are almost certainly descended from Jacques, Toussaint, or possibly Louis, but descent from several other H始ault/Hunault families is possible through female lines.
The Immigrants
1. Jacques ハaud dit Canada (parents unknown), origins in France unknown, & Marie LeRoux (parents unknown), of the diocese of Rouen, Normandie, m. ca.1667, location unknown but probably Sorel or Fort Chambly; known children: 1 son
All of Jacques and Marie's descendents have inherited the dit name Canada, while descendants in various branches have also inherited the dit name Delorme, Fresni俊e, or Portneuf. Jacques and Marie had two grandsons named Pierre, each with a different dit name, Pierre H始ault dit Delorme and Pierre H始ault dit Fresni俊e, thus founding the two major branches of the Henault dit Canada family, the Delorme branch and the Fresni俊e branch. In addition, a sub-branch of the Delorme branch, the Portneuf branch, was founded by one of Pierre dit Delorme's sons, Jean-Baptiste H始ault dit Portneuf.
Almost all of Jacques' descendents eventually abandoned their inherited dit names and use some variation of H始ault today. There are two exceptions. Two H始ault-Delorme men who migrated to the Manitoba region in the early 1800s and their descendents eventually dropped the use of H始ault and have continued to use only the surname Delorme to this day. In addition, several H始ault-Fresni俊e men migrated to the Georgian Bay area of Ontario where the family dit name Canada became corrupted and transformed to Cada > Cadat > Cadot > Cadeau, the latter being the name by which most of their descendents are known today.
Jacques and Marie established their family in in the parish of Ste. Genevi竣e de Berthier. The family expanded throughout Berthier Co., Joliette Co., and western Maskinong Co. In the 1800s, members began to migrate south into the counties along both sides of the Richelieu River (Napierville, St. Jean, Yamaska, Iberville, St. Hyacinthe). Eventually, some families moved into northern New York (Clinton and Franklin Counties) and throughout New England. Many of the New York families either returned to Qu暫ec or moved on to New England. Some of the New England families also moved back to Qu暫ec.
Of those families that returned to Qu暫ec, many settled in the Eastern Townships. If you are searching for your H始ault ancestors in the Eastern Townships and you can't seem to find marriage or birth records for them in the latter half of the 1800's, try searching for the marriage or birth in the parishes of northern New York, Vermont, or New Hampshire. If you're stuck in New England and can't seem to find a connection directly back to Qu暫ec, try the northern New York counties.
Note that, at present, all Henault, Heneault, and Eno families in New England that we have been able to trace back to Qu暫ec are members of the Henault dit Canada family.
N.B.: Several individuals have made the error of assigning the parents and birthplace of Jacques ハaud dit Beaufr俊e below to Jacques ハaud dit Canada, despite the fact that the former doesn't make his first appearance in New France until 35 years after the death of Jacques ハaud dit Canada.
2. Toussaint Hunault dit Deschamps (Nicolas & Marie Benoist), of St. Pierre des Champs, Beauvais, Picardie, & Marie Lorgueil (Pierre & Marie Bruy俊e), of Cognac, Saintes, Saintonge, m. 23 Nov 1654, Notre Dame de Montr斬l; children: 6 sons, 4 daughters
Toussaint and Marie's descendents have inherited the dit name Deschamps and they have tended to use this dit name, either in combination with the family name or alone, more frequently than the other H始ault families have used their dit names.
Because they had six sons, three of whom lived to adulthood and married, descendents of this couple form the largest group of H始aults today, somewhat larger than the descendents of Jacques Enaud dit Canada. However, note that many of Toussaint's descendents have abandoned their original family and are known by the name Deschamps today.
The family established itself in the original village of Montr斬l. It expanded throughout the island, into the surrounding islands and into the counties north of Montr斬l (L'Assomption, Terrebonne, Deux-Montagnes) and south and west along both banks of the St. Laurence (Vaudreuil, Soulanges, Ch液eauguay, Beauharnois) and Ottawa Rivers into western Qu暫ec, Ontario, western NY state, and the Detroit region.
3. Michel ハaud dit Bott (Yves & Jeanne Galiot), of La Ferri俊e, Vannes, Bretagne, & Genevi竣e Macr (Jean & Barbe Landry), of Villaines sous Bois, Viarmes, Montmorency, le de France, m. 8 Aug 1662; Notre Dame de Qu暫ec; chidren: 2 sons, 4 daughters
Michel and Genevi竣e's two male children did not live to maturity and, consequently, did not pass on the ハaud name. Some people can trace their ancestry to this couple through two surviving daughters, one of whom married into the prolific Chabot family.
4. Philippe ハaud dit Barbicant (Philippe & Marguerite Pineau), of Saumur, Anjou, & unknown amerindienne, m. ca. 1676, location unknown; children: 4 of unknown sex
Philippe established his family on the Baie des Chaleurs, near the present Bathurst, New Brunswick. When Philippe died sometime after the 1709 census, his Native American wife and their four children apparently abandoned their farm and returned to her native village. Nothing further is known about them.
5. Jacques ハaud dit Beaufr俊e (Jacques & Catherine Lef暫vre), of St. Eustache, Paris, & Marie-Th屍峻e Lef暫vre-Ladouceur (Pierre & Marie Marcot), of Qu暫ec, m. 21 Oct 1725, Notre Dame de Qu暫ec; children: 2 sons, 6 daughters
Little is known of this family; only two generations have been traced in Qu暫ec. Their first two children were born in Qu暫ec City; their later children were born in Montr斬l, where they may have become confused with the descendents of Toussaint Hunault. Apparently only one son lived to adulthood but no additional information is known at present.
6. Louis H始ault dit Champagne (Jean & Madeleine Lef暫vre), of Rheims, Champagne, & Anne Germain-Magny (Jean-Baptiste & Marie-Catherine Baribeau), of Qu暫ec, m. 16 Jun 1749, Batiscan; children: 1 son, 1 daughter
This family established itself in the Batiscan area and remained largely in Champlain Co. until the 1900's. By that time most, if not all, members had dropped the H始ault name and were known by the Champagne dit name. This is the smallest of the H始ault families with known direct male descendents today, but if you have traced your H始ault ancestry back to Champlain Co., then you are most probably descended from Louis and his wife.
7. Martin H始ault (Charles & Louise Laurent), of St. Jacques de Hautpas, Paris, & Marie-Catherine Charpentier-Bellegarde (Claude & Madeleine Mirault), of Qu暫ec, m. 9 Feb 1756, Notre Dame de Qu暫ec; children: 4 sons, 4 daughters
Little is known of this family; only three generations have been traced in Qu暫ec thusfar. Martin established his family on Ile Dupas in Berthier Co., so they may have become confused with the many H始ault-Canada families in the area. One son married at Pointe Claire (Montr斬l) and had two sons of his own before 1799. One son died an infant and the whereabouts of the other two sons remains unknown. Ancestry appears to be possible.
8. Jean-Baptiste Hunault (Maurice & Jeanne Leborgne), of Ruca, diocese of St. Brieuc, Bretagne, & (1) Marie-Anne Saucier (Joseph & Marie-Madeleine Boucher) widow of Joseph Gauthier, of Qu暫ec, m. 7 Jan 1761, Rivi俊e du Loup; children: 1 son, 4 daughters; (2) Ang四ique Gauthier (Jacques & Madeleine Miville), of Qu暫ec, m. 14 Jan 1793, St. Laurent (Montr斬l); children: 1 daughter
This family established itself in Terrebonne and later Montr斬l. Their only son died at age 29 in Montr斬l, apparently without having been married. Ancestry through several of the daughters is possible.
9. Fran腔is H始ault (Jean & Marie Lemaire), of Ch液eau Gontier, Anjou, & Desanges Beaudry (Pierre & Marie-Marguerite Casavant-Ladebauche), of Qu暫ec, m. 23 Jan 1821, St. Jean-Baptiste, Rouville Co.; children: 2 daughters
Fran腔is' only known children were two daughters who married in Laprairie. Ancestry may be possible through them.
(c) 2003, 2005 Stephen Charles Eno
|
|