Honors Klemistry Unit 3

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Concept Map Chapter Outline "Creations of Fire" Reading Guide "The Periodic Table" Reading Guide Formulas Test Review Composition Test Review

Copper Transforms Exploratory Ferric or Ferrous Iron Lab Tin Oxide Lab

Combining Volume Problems Cavendish Challenge Elements & Formulas Binary Nomenclature Molar Mass & %Composition Applying Compostion Cannizzaro's Composition Empirical Formulas

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CHAPTER OUTLINE

1. While physical changes affect a substance's form or state, chemical changes affect its composition, resulting in new substances with new properties. SECTIONS 3.1-3.4

2. Binary compound names depend on the metallic nature of their elements. SECTIONS 4.6, 4.10-4.11, 5.1-5.4

3. Transition metals can have different charges in different compounds.

4. The ratio of elements in a compound can be found from their combining ratios as gases. This is based on Avogadro's Hypothesis: the idea that all gases have a common molar volume.

5. Molar masses of compounds can be calculated from atomic masses. SECTION 8.4

6. The composition of compounds is usually expressed as mass percent. SECTION 8.5

7. Empirical formulas are the simplest whole number ratio of elements in a compound & can be determined from experimental mass data. SECTIONS 8.6-8.7

8. Molecular formulas represent the actual composition of one molecule of a compound. SECTION 8.8

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"Creations of Fire" Reading Guide

Interpreting Proportions: pp. 202-203, 206-211

Compare Dalton's, Gay-Lussac's, and Avogadro's interpretations of the nitrogen-oxygen combining ratio problem. What was Cannizzaro's role?

Fixing Proportions: pp. 171-179

How did the concept of fixed proportions develop from Berthollet to Proust to Dalton?

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The Periodic Table Reading Guide

•  NICKEL: pp. 61-78
• What was it like when Levi graduated from college?
• What job does the lieutenent offer him?
• Where do the names for Co and Ni come from?
• "Combinatorial analysis" is like our Precipitate Lab. So what does it mean that the mine's reactants worked on each other like combinatorial analysis?
• Why does Levi fall in love with his work?
• How does Levi get from 0.2% Ni to 6% Ni?How does Levi's sucess make him feel?

•  ARSENIC: pp. 169-174
• What work are Levi and Emilio now doing?
• What does their Piedmontese customer want?
• What extra use do Levi & Emilio make of their samples?
• What does Levi find in the sugar?
• What will the cobbler do?

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Formulas Test Review (closed book) Click here for practice problems.

KNOW	describe Guy-Lussac's Law describe Avogadro's Hypothesis describe Dalton's atomic theory explain Dalton's problem with Avogadro's Hypothesis (diatomics)
DO	write names & formulas for binary compounds solve combining volume problems

Composition Test Review (closed book) Click here for practice problems.

KNOW:	compare empirical formulas, molecular formulas, structural formulas, and molecular models
DO:	determine the % composition of a material from mass data or its formula determine the mass and #atoms of an element in a given compound determine the the empirical formula of a substance from mass data or its % composition

TAKE-HOME ESSAY: Is pollution an inevitable consequence of making chemicals? Use Creations of Fire pp. 297-298 on the first commercial production of sodium carbonate and its consequence of acid rain.

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