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[Dedicatees: Ludlow Griscom; Richard Eaton; Ernst Mayr; William Brewster; Alan Morgan; and Henry Thoreau. Click for images on dedication page.]

"Chief among the natural attractions of Concord, Massachusetts, is its charming little river, known as the Sudbury above the point where, near the village center, it unites with the Assabet, and below this as the Concord. The Indians called it the Musketaquid or Grass-grown River, a name not less appropriate than euphonious, for its sluggish waters abound in aquatic or semi-aquatic vegetation and its banks are fringed with wild grasses and sedges which stretch for miles along one or both sides of the placid, sinuous stream and in places also extend back to a greater or less distance over low, flat lands wet at all seasons and regularly inundated in early spring. These fresh-water marshes are of vast extent in Sudbury and Wayland and they cover hundreds of acres in the eastern part of Concord where they have been known, ever since the first settlement of the town, as the Great Meadows." [William Brewster in 1911]

Section 1. References to the plants, animals, and natural history in the
overall Sudbury-Concord River valley area, including parts of
Wayland, Sudbury, Lincoln, Concord, Carlisle and Bedford ...Click here.

Section 2. References to the plants, animals, and natural history of the
Estabrook Woods. ...Click here.

Section 3. References to the plants, animals, and natural history of
Walden Woods and Walden Pond ...Click here.

Introduction

While doing a bird conservation project in the Wayland to Carlisle region of the Sudbury and Concord River valley, I realized it would be helpful if there were a biodiversity bibliography for this important landscape. There was not even a model for such a bibliography. I thought it should guide people to whatever had been written about the wild animals and plants in the wetlands, the ponds, the river, and the nearby upland habitat of forest and field. It would focus on data-rich studies, inventories, and articles about those species as they inhabited or migrated through this valley corridor. I also wanted to include a few references about land use and human history to provide a context; references about the great naturalists of the nineteenth century to give continuity; and references about pollution and invasive species to sound a warning.

To my surprise, the bibliography has grown to include more than four hundred substantive references about natural history in this small part of the valley over the last one hundred seventy years. Authors have included a world-eminent scientist, budding scholars, and dedicated amateurs. It was this type of species-specific or site-specific information that led Harvard's Ludlow Griscom to write in 1949, "A greater number of competent and nationally known naturalists and ornithologists have explored [this valley's] coverts than any other corner of the New World. Their records and data validate the interesting and sometimes profound changes that have taken place."

I have included studies that were done on the botany, zoology, and ecology, etc., of Wayland, Sudbury, Lincoln, Concord, Bedford, and Carlisle, Massachusetts within about two or three miles of the Sudbury or Concord River. I have taken care not to compromise the current location of any rare plant or animal. The bibliography's coverage is, however, not strictly limited to the watershed. Also, for convenience, those studies that are specific to the Estabrook Woods (in Concord and Carlisle) and to Walden Pond and Woods (in Concord and Lincoln) are gathered in separate chapters. Though this bibliography covers only about fourteen miles of the valley's length, these have been the traditional haunts of a succession of naturalists. I, too, have been familiar with this countryside since boyhood.

I hope that this work will encourage others to extend biodiversity bibliography coverage to the sister tributary, the Assabet River (with its own new national wildlife refuge); to Hop Brook and the full SuAsCo watershed (with its complex water resource history and problems); and to other regions. Biodiversity Days may well spark such an interest. The format is flexible. Local conservation commissions, land trusts, sanctuaries, or public libraries could help. And by doing a biodiversity bibliography students of all ages students could find out what is already known about their area and what needs research.

Is there a wider purpose to natural history studies, here and elsewhere? I think so. For example, the eminent scientist Ernst Mayr had a dual educational vision when in the 1960s he created, with Thomas Flint of Concord, Harvard's 700-acre ecology study area in the Estabrook Woods. His views can suggest a vision for the wider valley. First, he valued Estabrook Woods for it is a large, protected, typical, and varied tract that could give students from the entire area a hands-on experience with nature. He has written about how important this is both for science and for the wise conduct of human affairs:

"Since the investigation of diversity includes the study of relationships, organisms must be studied alive and in the field.....It is about time we realize that the future of mankind is not something 'written in the stars,' something controlled by external forces, but that it is we humans ourselves who hold the fate of the species in our hands. We now have a fairly good idea what the major ills of mankind are and it has become quite clear that only a few of them are susceptible to purely technological solutions. Instead, most of them are of a behavioral-sociological nature and require a change in our value systems, a change one is not likely to accept unless one has a far better understanding of nature, of the dynamics of populations, of the biological basis of behavior, and of other components of the biology of organisms, than most of those have who are responsible for policy decisions. It will require a deeper understanding [and] massive education" [E. Mayr, "Museums and Biological Laboratories," Brevoria, 416:1-7 (MCZ Dec. 28, 1973)].

Mayr has advocated careful study of even a local environment. For example, Mayr used the well-studied flora of Concord to test whether the "biological species concept," a critical issue in evolutionary theory, applies to plants, which was a matter questioned by some botanists (Mayr 1992). And, in 1999 in a public "conversation" at Concord Academy, he advocated, in this time of climate change, study of the New England temperate forest:

"These dynamic movements of ecosystems--it is one of the most fascinating things to study. It is relatively easy to study but somebody has to take the leadership and start--'Now we are going to get going on this sort of thing.'...I'm sure if somebody made a thorough study of the vegetation of Estabrook Woods, we would find unexpected discoveries. It needs a little imagination and needs leadership, that's all I want to say."

This is a dual educational vision--not only "thorough study" with a hands-on experience with nature but also "massive education" about our value system's relationship with the natural world. It could be applied, as well, by the stewards of the whole Sudbury-Concord River valley. By happy chance, one hundred seventy years of observation in the valley has been supplemented by sixty years of conservation activism. This activism was sparked by Allen Morgan of the Massachusetts Audubon Society and the Sudbury Valley Trustees, and it spread. Thus, much of the historic landscape has been preserved in a mosaic of twelve thousand acres of public and private stewardship. It is a triumph of protection at the edge of Boston. Though the valley has been altered, fragmented, and isolated, it retains enough integrity to be designated in 2001 by the state's Secretary of Environmental Affairs as Core Habitat for biodiversity protection in the state. The land stewards of the valley could jointly adopt a vision for their lands such as Mayr envisaged. And they could jointly decide to manage their lands (e.g., town conservation commissions, land trusts, schools, historical parks, sanctuaries, woods projects, field stations, reservations, and wildlife refuges) to promote and protect biodiversity in all ways. As Aldo Leopold might say, they could think like a valley.

Perhaps this bibliography can help. I know it is just a beginning (for we know so little about the natural world), and I would appreciate additional references. My thanks to many, including Dr. Warren Abrahamson of Bucknell University; Ray Angelo of the New England Botanical Club; Brad Blodget, H. W. Heusmann, Ellie Horwitz, and Paul Somers of Mass. Wildlife; Frances H. Clark of Lincoln; Dr. Robert Cook of the Arnold Arboretum; Dr. Bradley Dean of the Thoreau Institute; Chris Davis of US National Park Service; Jeff Eaton of Lincoln; Kristin Eldridge, Chris Leahy, Simon Perkins, and Wayne Petersen of Mass. Audubon Society; Douglas Greene of Reading Conservation Commission; Dr. Donald R. Griffin; Tom Gumbart of the Lincoln Conservation Commission; Ken Harte of Carlisle; Barbara Howell of Wayland; Scott Jackson of UMass; Stephanie Koch & Joseph McKeon of US Fish and Wildlife Service; Norman Levey of Lincoln; Ron Lockwood of Bolton; Ellen Meadors of Lincoln; Henry Norwood of Wayland; Lydia Rogers of Concord; Dr. Otto Solbrig of Harvard University; Mary and Eugene Walker of Concord; Special Collections of the Concord Free Public Library; and the Ernst Mayr Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. The cover was created by the author with data from the Sudbury Valley Trustees and many other sources. The image of Henry Thoreau is used with the permission of the Thoreau Society.

I particularly thank Dr. Ernst Mayr for his encouragement on behalf of Estabrook Woods and his opposition to Middlesex School's development plans. I make special mention of Dr. Edmund A. Schofield, whose work on Walden Woods has been important. When he became aware of this effort to develop a bibliography for the valley, he kindly decided to make available his more comprehensive bibliography of Walden Woods as a companion document. My document and his complement each other. Both are available at the web address below.

In the bibliography, CFS refers to the Concord Field Station, the ecology research area owned by Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ) in the Estabrook Woods. MMNHP is the Minute Man National Historic Park in Concord. GMNWR is the Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge. SuAsCo is the Sudbury-Assabet-Concord Rivers Watershed. CFPL is the Concord Free Public Library. Thoreau-related or natural history material can often be found at the CFPL Special Collections or the Henley Library of the Thoreau Institute (Lincoln MA & www.walden.org). Natural history material can also be found at the Ernst Mayr Library of the MCZ (restricted access, but searchable through Harvard's HOLLIS).

One person has raised the interesting issue of where, in general, people can find and view this area's many environmental reports, theses, etc., that are not formally published. For example, environmental laws (e.g., NEPA, MEPA, Superfund, rare species, or wetlands laws) may have required a developer (e.g., a highway agency, a wetland-filler, a hazardous waste site, or the airport, etc.) to prepare project-specific wildlife inventories and analyses. These and other reports or theses may be only randomly available or may be difficult to access whether in hardcopy or on the web. In general, I found that CFPL's fine (and web-indexed) Special Collections had a good selection of unpublished or obscure documents, and a few were (inconsistently) filed with conservation commissions and other libraries. I also found documents in attics and in bare-bulb sub-basements next to whale skulls. Sadly, Drumlin Farm's Hathaway Library and the Concord Field Station's natural history center are now shut. I am encouraged that the Henley Library of the Thoreau Institute is expanding its environmental and natural history collection (also to be web-indexed), which will include part of the material formerly held at the Hathaway Library. Thus, the Henley Library may also be interested in material, either hard copy or digitized, about the Sudbury and Concord River Valley and beyond. I think this valley is fortunate to have such institutions as the Concord Free Public Library and the Henley Library available.


Comments, please, to
Stephen F. Ells
39 Todd Pond Road,
Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773
781-259-8982
SteveElls@earthlink.net
<http://home.earthlink.net/~steveells>

 

Section 1:

Studies about plants, animals, and natural history
in the overall Sudbury-Concord River Valley
in Wayland, Sudbury, Lincoln, Concord, Carlisle & Bedford.

Separate sections
on Estabrook-specific and Walden-specific articles
follow this section.

Abrahamson, Warren G. 1973. "Resource allocation in plant populations of different habitats." (Ph. D. Thesis. Harvard University.) Done at MCZ-Concord Field Station's (CFS's) Pickman area in Bedford.

Abrahamson, Warren G. and M. Gadgil. 1973. "Growth form and reproductive effort in goldenrods (Solidago, Compositae)." American Naturalist. 107(957): 651-661. Done at CFS Pickman area. At CFPL.

Adams, Raymond. 1951. "Fred Hosmer, The Learned Clerk." Thoreau Society Bulletin, 36: 1. At CFPL. Biographical information on 19th century observer.

Alden, Peter. 1973. "Autumn Birding at Great Meadows [National Wildlife Refuge]." Bird Observer, 1(5): p. 109 et seq.  (Oct. 1973). A where-to-find-birds article.

------. 1998. "World's first 1000+ species Biodiversity Day, Concord and Lincoln, Massachusetts, U.S.A. July 4, 1998 (1,904 species recorded)." Report. (Concord MA: 1998 and continuing annually or biannually.) Web-available at <http://www.walden.org/scholarship/a/Alden_Peter>.

Allen, Francis H., editor. 1910. Notes on New England Birds by Henry D. Thoreau. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin). Also re-issued a few years later as Thoreau's Bird-Lore, ed. by F. H. Allen, and also as Henry David Thoreau, Thoreau on Birds: Notes on New England Birds (Boston: Beacon Press 1993) 510 pp. Note similarity of last title to a different book, Cruickshank's Thoreau on Birds [1964].

------. 1950. "The Birds of Concord" [book review of Griscom 1949]. The Bulletin of the Mass. Audubon Society (October).

Andrews, Jennifer, and Melanie Botts. 1966. "Survey of the Elderberry Borer Beetle (Desmocerus palliatus), Concord, Massachusetts, June 19-July, 1996." Report for Minute Man National Historical Park. 12 pp. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Andrews, John W.; and Lee E. Taylor. 1981. "The 1980 spring warbler migration study: an experiment in cooperative data collection." Bird Observer of Eastern Mass., 9(2): 67-75 (April). (Heard's Pond was an observation site.)

------. 1982. "Warbler migration study, May 1981." Bird Observer of Eastern Mass, 10(2); 79-83.

------. 1983. "Results of the 1982 spring migration watch." Bird Observer of Eastern Mass., 11: 75-81. But see, J. W. Andrews. 1986. "The 1985 spring migration watch." Bird Observer of Eastern Mass, 14(3): 136-140 (June). (No sites in valley).

Angelo, Raymond L. (n.d.) "Tentative processional list of the flowering and fruiting of Concord area trees." MS., p. 3.

------. 1976. Concord Area Trees. (Concord Field Station, MCZ.) See also, Angelo 1990.

------. 1978. Concord Area Shrubs. (Concord Field Station, MCZ.) See also, Angelo 1990.

------. 1979a. "Ledum greenlandicum rediscovered in Concord, Massachusetts." Rhodora, 81: 285-286.

------. 1979b. "Ledum swamp and labrador tea in Concord." Concord Saunterer, 14(1): 14-18 (spring).

------. 1979c & 1985? "Thoreau's climbing fern rediscovered." Thoreau Society Bulletin, vol. 149, Fall 1979. Also in Arnoldia ca. 1985.

------. 1981. "Pyrus Sieboldii (rosaceae) naturalizing in Mass." Rhodora, 83(833): 157-158 (Jan.). At CFPL.

------. 1982. "Stalking the rare plants of Concord, Massachusetts," Wild flower notes and news. (New England Wild Flower Society.) Vol. 1 (Summer).

------. 1984. Botanical Index to the Journal of Henry David Thoreau. (Salt Lake City: Gibbs M. Smith, Inc. & Peregrine Smith.) Vol. 15 of this edition of the Journals. Web-available at <http://www.herbaria.harvard.edu/~rangelo/BotIndex>.

------. 1985. "Thoreau as Botanist: An Appreciation and Critique." Arnoldia, 45: 13-23. This also appears as the introduction to Botanical Index to the Journal of Henry David Thoreau (above). Also in Buerger 1994 at p. 127-33.

------. 1990. Concord Area Trees and Shrubs (Cambridge: MCZ.)

August, Peter; Charles LaBash, and Irene Keniski. 1993. "Ecological reconnaissance of the Minuteman National Historical Park: Project summary and data conclusions." Report. 25 pp. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Bailey, Wallace. 1955. Birds in Massachusetts: When and Where to Find Them. (S. Lancaster MA: College Press.) 234 pp. (A birder's guide with species descriptions and locations, which may include local records, by this birding educator and happy giant. Less rigorous but more fun than Griscom 1955. Map of valley.)

Barnes, C. B., Jr. 1917. [Untitled but document is a list of Mollusca found in Concord 1914-1917.] Proc. Thor. Mus. Nat. Hist. 1 (Feb. 15): 48-49. (This list incorporates earlier list of Hawkins 1914 herein.)

Berger, Michael B. 2000. "Thoreau's Late Career and The Dispersion of Seeds: The Saunterer's Synoptic Vision. (Rochester NY: Camden House.) 169 pp.

Bolles, Frank. 1891. Land of the Lingering Snow. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin.). Classic nature writing including "A Voyage to Heard's Island" with William Brewster.

Borden, Richard and H. A. Hochbaum. 1966. "General notes: the establishment of a breeding population of Gadwall in Massachusetts." Records of New England Birds. (March.)

Boston Mycological Club. Annually through 2001 at least. "Checklists of Mushroom Walks" [and similar titles.] Species lists--and often species photographs--observed on walks in various locales in Sudbury-Concord River valley, including Carlisle, Concord (Estabrook Woods), Lincoln, and Wayland. Posted at <http://www.bostonmycologicalclub.org>.

Botts, Melanie. 1996. "Bobolinks, [at Minute Man National Historical Park] 1996." 4 pg. report.

Brain, J. Walter. 1998. "Walking in the June light: a jaunt to the Great Meadows." The Concord Journal, June 25, p. 15. (A Thoreauvian naturalist's walk.)

[Breeding Bird Survey.] There is no official BBS route in the valley. See, <http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/bbs>. But see Great Meadows NWR herein for censuses on file there.

Brewster, William. [Journals, diaries, Concord Field Lists, and other papers 1868-1917.] (His important unpublished papers are at Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge. See, Griscom 1949, pp. 5-16, for a full discussion of the value of these impressive papers and of Brewster's skills as ornithologist.)

------. 1869. "The Mottled Owl again." American Naturalist, 111: 334-335. Observation in Concord of plumage variation of Screech Owl. At Mayr Library, MCZ.

------. 1893. "A brood of young flickers (Colaptes auratus) and how they were fed." The Auk. 10: 231-236. Observations in Concord. At Mayr Library, MCZ.

------. 1894. "Notes on the habits of the Northern Shrike (Lanius borealis)." The Auk, 9: 329-330. (Shrike captures and kills in Concord.)

------. 1895. "A remarkable flight of Pine Grosbeaks (Pinicola enucleator)." The Auk. 12: 245-256. Concord observations a (small) part of documentation.

------. 1900. "A study of Lincoln's Sparrow." Bird-Lore. 2: 109-112. Observation at Concord, during migration, May 15-22, 1899. At Mayr Library, MCZ.

------. 1901. "An ornithological mystery." The Auk. 18(4): 321-328. Brewster describes unknown call heard, inter alia, in the Sudbury-Concord River valley. Many exchanges about Yellow Rail. See, J. Ames in The Auk, 19: 94 (1902); and F. B. McKechnie in The Auk, 23: 457 (1906). But cf. C. Townsend's Birds of Essex Coun-try (1905) (Black Rail?). Uncertain outcome: see, Griscom 1955 p. 84 and Walton 1984 p. 123.

------, 1906. Birds of the Cambridge Region (Cambridge MA: Nuttall Ornithological Club.) The Sudbury-Concord River valley is just to the west of Brewster's Cambridge Region, the westerly border of which was approximately at the Cambridge (Hobbes Brook) Reservoir. The book, however, also refers to sightings in the Sudbury-Concord Valley: e.g., of Leach's Petrel, DC Cormorant, Common Merganser, Wood Duck, Black and Yellow Rail, Passenger Pigeon, Mourning Dove, Henslow's Sparrow, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Hermit Thrush, and Veery. The "Great Meadows" referred to therein, however, is the Lexington Great Meadows.

------. 1907. "Aggressive Screech Owls." The Auk, 24: 215-217. Note on attacks on passersby.

------. 1909a. "Occurrence of the Skunk Cabbage in an unusual place." Rhodora, 11(123, March): 63-64.

------. 1909b. "The Otter in Eastern Massachusetts." Science, n.s., 29(744): 551-555. includes reports of rare otters in Fairhaven Bay and Walden Woods, 1876-1889. At Mayr Library, MCZ.

------. 1909c. "Viola Brittoniana at Concord, MA." Rhodora, 11(125, May): 107-108. First collected at Concord in 1839.

------. 1911. "Concerning the nuptial plumes worn by certain bitterns and the man-ner in which they are displayed." The Auk. 28: 90-100. Previously unreported be-havior observed at Great Meadows.

------. 1936. October Farm: From the Concord Journals and Diaries of William Brewster. Introduction by Daniel Chester French (Cambridge: Harvard UP.) 298pp. Posthumous extracts of Brewster's general nature writing.

------. 1937. The Concord River, Selections from the Journals of William Brewster, ed. by Smith Owen Dexter (Cambridge: Harvard UP). Posthumous extracts of Brewster's general nature writing.

Brown, Jessie. 1987. "The Siege of the Sudbury [River]." Sanctuary [Journal of Mass. Audubon Soc.] 26(5): 6-8. (Mercury pollution, hazardous waste, drinking water diversion, and stewardship.)

Brown, Joshua. 2001-02. "Keeping Track: in step with bears, bobcats, and other beasts." Wild Earth, 11(3/4): 31-33 (fall-winter). The activities of the organization Walden Keeping Track as it searches for tracks and other signs of wildlife in Concord and Lincoln.

Brownrigg, J. Thomas and D'Ann W. 1988-2002. [Careful records of bird sightings at Greenough Land and Foss Farm conservation areas, Carlisle, Mass.] AviSys file, available at <brownrigg@gis.net>.

Campbell, Cindy L. 1999. Letter from Mass. Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program to Bill Fuchs (Minute Man National Historical Park) Re: review of various projects at Minute Man National Historical Park for potential impacts on state-listed species, dtd 22 OCT 99. 2 p. & I p. attachment. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Carroll, Charles F. 1993. "The Human Impact on the New England Landscape." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C. Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press.) p. 172-180.

Cassie, Brian; Christopher Leahy and Richard Walton. 2002? [working title: The Butterflies of Massachusetts and Other New England States.] (Mass. Audubon Society.) In preparation. (Atlas maps are based on topo quads and blocks, but there will (almost certainly?) be overlays with towns. Record cards also show the town in which specimens were collected. There is excellent coverage from Sudbury-Concord valley.) (For annual coverage, the Massachusetts Butterfly Club <http://www.mrec-athol.org/mbc/index.html> sponsors July 4 walks, including one in the Sudbury-Concord valley.)

Chandler, E.H. 1953. "Breeding of Ring-necked Duck at Concord," The Auk, p. 86.

Clark, A. H. 1931. "16 egrets at Lincoln, August 25, 1930." The Auk, p. 114.

Clark, Frances H. 2000. SuAsCo (Sudbury, Assabet and Concord River Watershed) Biodiversity Protection and Stewardship Plan. Under the direction of the Massachusetts Riverways Program and the Mass. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs. 81 pp. with maps by William Giezentanner. Landmark regional analysis and proposal for citizen action. [Published at <http://www.sudburyvalleytrustees.org>.]

Clark, Frances H., and Bryan Windmiller. 1997a. "Baiting Brook Project Area. Natural Resource Inventory and Stewardship Plan." Report sponsored by the Sudbury Valley Trustees.

------. 1997b. "Greenways Conservation Area Natural Resource and Inventory & Stewardship Plan." Report sponsored by the Sudbury Valley Trustees and Town of Wayland.

Complaint and Petition of the Inhabitants of Wayland, Sudbury, Concord, Bedford and Carlisle. 1859. First-hand accounts of the history of the river meadows and flooding. At CFPL.

Concord Natural Resources Commission. 2000? "A Citizen's Guide to Concord's Wetlands, Floodplains & Riverfronts." 4 pp. [Example of public information pamphlet for wetlands act compliance by a municipal conservation commission.]

Conantum Garden Club. "Plants and animals found on the common land of Kalmia Woods." (Concord, Mass: Conantum Garden Club, 1967). At CFPL.

Converse, Kathryn; James Mattsson, and Laura Easton-Poole. (2000). "Field Surveys of Midwestern and Northeastern Fish and Wildlife Service Lands for the Presence of Abnormal Frogs and Toads." Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science 107(3); 160-167, 200. At USFWS Weir Hill.

Cook, H.O. [Mass. Chief Forester]. 1950. "Forest conditions." Appendix in Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) p. 120-22. (A summary of 1925 forest survey.)

Cottrell, G. W., Jr. 1949. "The southern heron flight of 1948." The Bulletin of the Mass. Audubon Society (Vol. 33, Nos. 3 and 4 - April and May).

Crowley, Shawn. 1995. "Tracking elusive and rare wetland birds in Massachusetts." Massachusetts Wildlife, XLV(3): 10-16 (Summer).

Cruickshank, Helen, compiler and commenter. 1964. Thoreau on Birds (New York: McGraw-Hill) Especially, "Thoreau's Concord Bird List [of 146 species]," p. 252-258. (Note similarity in title to a different book, the 1993 re-issue of Thoreau on Birds, ed. F. H. Allen [1993].)

Cultural landscape report: A management plan to balance cultural and natural resources: The Minute Man National Historical Park Case Study. 1993. (Boston, MA: Olmstead Center for Landscape Preservation). See, Danttilio, Daniel, (Chief Park Ranger). 1993. "Resource Management Plan: Minute Man National Historical Park, FY 1990-Present." 84 pp. plus 142 pp. of Project Statements. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Dame, L. L. and F. S. Collins. 1888. Flora of Middlesex Country, Massachusetts (Malden: Middlesex Institute) incorporates, among other local references, the species introduced to Concord by Minot Pratt, "an enthusiastic botanist [who] throughout a period of forty years sought to naturalize within the limits of Concord plants from all section of the United States," and discusses introduced species in general. Includes too-small "A Topographical Reference Map of Middlesex Country" (1885) by Edward P. Adams, showing ponds, swamps, etc. [At Lincoln PL Hist. Room 581.974.]

Davis, Steven C., n.d. "Ecological analysis of the White Pond Watershed, Concord, Massachusetts." Report for Concord Redevelopment Authority. 42 pages plus maps and species list. At CFPL. [This Davis item may be the report that is described in an article in Concord Journal of Nov. 2, 1972, though Steve Davis's name is not mentioned in the Journal. The article was written by Gerald Friedman, chair of the Concord Redevelopment Authority and describes a study done for the town by "Ecosystems of Wellesley."  The article apparently quotes the "Findings & Recommendations" sections of the report.]

Deane, Ruthven. 1906. "Unusual abundance of Snowy Owls." The Auk, pp. 289-90 (includes Mass. record from Wayland).

Dempsey, J. H. 1915. "A list of Araneida collected at Concord, Mass." Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History at Middlesex School, Concord Mass. 1: 42-43 (March 25).

Donahue, Brian. 1983. "The forests and fields of Concord: an ecological history." p. 14-63 In: Concord: The Social History of a New England Town, 1750-1850. David Hackett Fischer, ed., (Waltham MA: Brandeis U.).

------. 1989. " 'Dammed at Both Ends and Cursed in the Middle': the 'flowage' of the Concord River Meadows, 1798-1862," Environmental Review, vol. 13.

------. 1993. "Henry David Thoreau and the environment of Concord." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C, Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press) p. 181-189.

------. 1994. "Plowland, pastureland, woodland and meadow: husbandry in Concord, Massachusetts, 1635-1771." (Ph. D. dissertation, Brandeis U.)

Drury, William H., Jr., and Ian C. T. Nisbet. 1973. "Succession." Arnoldia, 54: 331-368 (Boston: Arnold Arboretum). On the replacement of upland pine stands by hardwoods after logging, credits HDT with introducing the term "forest succession."

Drury, William H., Jr., Allen H. Morgan, and Richard Stackpole. 1953. "Occurrence of an African Cattle Egret (Ardeola ibis ibis) in Massachusetts." The Auk, Vol. 70, No. 3, July. First North American record.

Dupree, A. Hunter. 1993. "Thoreau as Scientist" In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by E.A. Schofield and R.C. Baron (Golden CO: No. American Press) pp. 42-47.

Eaton, Richard J[efferson]. 1931. "Peculiar aspects of the New England distribution of Arceuthobium pusillum." Rhodora, 33(388): 92-101 (April). At CFPL.

------. 1935. [A list of trees and shrubs in the town forest] on pp. 190-200. In: Harold W. Chase et al. "Report of the Hapgood Wright Town Forest Committee." In: Annual Report of the Officers of the Town of Concord [Mass.] for the year ending December 31, 1935. (Concord MA, 1936).

------. 1935. "The waning of Arceuthobium at Concord, Mass." Rhodora, 37(443): 413-414 (Nov.). At CFPL.

------. 1936. "Some adventitious plants in Concord, Mass." Rhodora, 38(446): 64-67. At CFPL.

------. 1938. "The persistence of Opunta humifusa in Concord, Mass." Rhodora, 40(480): 486-487 (Dec.). At CFPL.

------. 1939. "Wolffia columbiana in Concord, Massachusetts." Rhodora, 41(482):42-43. (Feb.). At CFPL.

------. 1947. "Lemna minor as an aggressive weed in the Sudbury River." Rhodora. 49: 165-171 (July). At CFPL. This was also published as an appendix in Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950), page 97-105.

------. 1952. "Status of Phragmites communis Trin., var. Berlandiri (Fourn.) Fernald, along the Sudbury River in eastern Massachusetts." Rhodora. 54(641): 135-38 (May). At CFPL.

------. 1958a. "The spontaneous flora of an old house-lot in eastern Mass. [Lincoln]." Rhodora, 60: 61-73. At CFPL and Henley Library, Thoreau Institute.

------. 1958b. "Some interesting records from eastern Massachusetts." Rhodora, 60(720): 316-321. (Dec.) At CFPL.

------. 1959. "Echinochloa walteri in Concord, Mass." Rhodora. 59(706): 262-265 (Oct.). At CFPL.

------. 1969. "Gowing's Swamp." Massachusetts Audubon, 53 (4): 31-34.

------. 1972a. "Some noteworthy plants in Lincoln [Mass.]." MS in Lincoln Conservation Office.

------. 1972b. "Thoreau's Herbarium." Man and Nature. (Lincoln: Mass. Audubon Society) Dec. 1972, p.2-5. At CFPL.

------. 1974a. "A vascular flora of Concord, Massachusetts." (Cambridge: MCZ.) Typescript at Henley Library, Thoreau Institute and at CFPL.

------. 1974b. A Flora of Concord: An Account of the Flowering Plants, Ferns, and Fern-Allies Known to Have Occurred without Cultivation in Concord, Massachusetts from Thoreau's Time to the Present Day, Special Publication No. 4 (Cambridge: MCZ). 236 pp. Eaton's introduction describes the geology, soil, and natural features of Concord. See, R. Angelo's update to the Eaton species list, in the appendix to Mayr 1992 herein.

Eaton, Richard J. and Ludlow Griscom. Ca. 1934. "Potomogeton panormitanus in the Sudbury River." Rhodora, 36:312-313.

Ells, Stephen F. 1969. "The Massachusetts Bay Circuit," in: Ells, Massachusetts Open Space Law: Government's Influence over Land Use Decisions, at pp. 87-90. Being Vol. 4 in Open Space and Recreation Program for Metropolitan Boston (Boston: Metropolitan Area Planning Council.) See also, for Bay Circuit regional open space plan and trail, William G. Scheller. 1986. "Charles W. Eliot 2d and the Bay Circuit Project." Sanctuary, 25(9): 12-14 (Sept.). And see, Alan French, Bay Circuit Alliance at <http://www.serve.com/baycircuit/>.

------. 1995a. "Bobolink protection and mortality on suburban conservation land [Lincoln, Mass.]." Bird Observer, 23(2): 98-112 (April). [Dolichonyx oryzivorus.] Also web-available at <http://home.earthlink.net/~steveells>.

------. 1995b. "Breeding Henslow's Sparrows in Lincoln, Mass., 1994." Bird Observer, 23(2): 113-115 (April). [Ammodramus henslowii.] Also web-available at <http://home.earthlink.net/~steveells>.

Evans, H. E. 1973. "Burrow sharing and nest transfer in digger wasp Philanthus gibbosus (fabricius)." Animal Behavior. 21: 302-308. At CFPL.

Faxon, Walter. 1915. "Juncos nesting in Concord and Lexington." The Auk, p. 497.

Fenn, Mary R. 1966. "Concord Woods and Fields." Thoreau Society Bulletin, 95 (spring): 2-3. A botanical ramble to rediscover Thoreau's flowers. See for other such rambles, Fenn's occasional "Report[s] of the Walking Society," published 1966-76 in the Thoreau Society Bulletin and reprinted in Buerger 1974.

Fierra, David A. (Director, Water Management Div., US EPA). 1994. Letter to Douglas J. Macone (Pres., Macone Brothers, Sudbury), Findings of sec. 404 Wetlands Law Violation, and Penalty Assessment. Docket No. CWA-1-I-94-1080, dtd Sept. 27, 1994. Example of environmental proceedings. The Macone "garage" is still a real mess, in a number of ways.

Fisher, H. I. 1950. "The Birds of Concord" [review of Griscom 1949]. The Auk Vol. 67.

Floyd, H. Christian. 1981. "One exciting hour at Great Meadows, Concord," Bird Observer, 9(5): 225-228. (Golden Eagle, etc.)

Forman, Richard T. T. 1997 & 1999? Concord's Mill Brook: Flowing through time. A guide to the lower Mill Brook prepared for the Mill Brook Task Force and the Town of Concord Natural Resources Commission. (Concord MA: Natural Resources Commission.) 34 pp.

Forman, Richard.T.T. et al. 2002. "Road traffic and nearby grassland bird patterns in a suburbanizing landscape." Environmental Management, 26(6); 782-800. Species behavior along Route 2 corridor, which bisects the valley.

Forster, Richard A. 1975a. "Birding the Sudbury Valley." Bird Observer, 3(2): 44 (March-April). A where-to-find-birds article.  (Includes GMNWR).

------. 1975b. "Orchard Orioles in Massachusetts." Bird Observer, 3(3): 92 (May-June).

------. 1989. "The Sudbury River Valley." Bird Observer, 17(1): 4-12 (Feb.). (Includes GMNWR).

------. 1994. "The Sudbury River Valley." In: A Birder's Guide to Eastern Massachusetts, by Bird Observer (M. Steele, Editor), being Chapter 9, pp. 92-100 including map. (Colorado Springs CO: American Birding Association, 1994.)  (Includes GMNWR).

Foster, David R. 1999. Thoreau's Country: Journey Through a Transformed Landscape. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard UP.) 270 pp.

Garcia, Jose. 1996? [Ecological inventory and management plan for MassAudubon's Drumlin Farm wildlife sanctuary, Lincoln, Mass..] Report for Mass. Audubon Society. Not located.

[Garrison, David L.; Phyllis Swift, Winthrop W. Harrington, Stephen F. Ells, Ian Nisbet, Gwyn Loud, Simon Perkins, and Cathleen Calmer, compilers.] 1992.. "Birds of Lincoln (1992 edition)." In: A Guide to Conservation Land in Lincoln, (Lincoln MA: Lincoln Land Conservation Trust.). An annotated checklist.

General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts. 1860. "Joint Special Committee's Report Upon the Subject of the Flowage of Meadows on Concord & Sudbury Rivers: Upon the Petition of Richard Heard and 116 others" on behalf of "our beautiful and productive interval."

------. 1951. "Special Report of the Department of Public Works relative to controlling the high and low water levels of the Sudbury and Concord Rivers under chapter 45 of the Resolves of 1950" (Boston: Wright and Potter.) 42 pp.

Gift, James Joseph. 1964. "The ecology of the fish of Beaver Pond [Lincoln, Mass.]." (Honors B.A. thesis. Harvard University.) At Lincoln conservation office.

Gleason, Herbert W. [Many excellent photographs of the flora of Concord, taken by Herbert W. Gleason, c. 1890-1920.] Part of the voluminous collection of Gleason negatives at the Concord Free Public Library Special Collections. A small number of Roland Robbins prints from Gleason plates, owned by the Thoreau Society, are at the Henley Library of the Thoreau Institute.

Goldman Environmental Consultants, Inc. with UMass. 1994a. "Draft Instream Flow Study, Sudbury, Assabet, and Concord Rivers." Submitted to Mass. Department of Environmental Management.

------. 1994b. "Final Water Resource Study Sudbury, Assabet, and Concord Rivers." Submitted to Mass. Department of Environmental Management. Vol. 1, .April 21. At CFPL.

Greer, A. E., Jr.; T.S. Doyle, and P. Arnold. 1973. "An Annotated Checklist of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Concord, Carlisle, and Bedford, Massachusetts," (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology). (Being No. 4 in A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station, ed. by D.S. Woodruff.). At CFPL.

Grice, David. n.d. "Detailed study of wood duck nesting on an area," "State-wide check of wood duck nesting boxes," and "The effect of an open season on a resident wood duck population": Project reports submitted to Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Game, Bureau of Wildlife Research and Management. Project no. PR-19-R. Undated mimeograph. Study conducted in Concord, Mass. at Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge.

Griscom, Ludlow. n.d. [Journal.] MS at Peabody-Essex Museum, Salem, Mass.

------. n.d. "Massachusetts Rails." Bulletin of the Massachusetts Audubon Society, 28:73-84. 12 pp.

------. 1941. "Hoyt's Horned Lark collected at Concord, March 20, 1941," The Auk, p. 408.

------. 1949. Birds of Concord. (Cambridge: Harvard U Press). 340 pp. Major work on the valley and its birds, and an evaluation of William Brewster.

------. 1950. "The Natural History Values of the Concord River Meadows." Appendix in Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) p. 134-35 (A generalized supplementary statement.)

Griscom, Ludlow and Dorothy Snider. 1955. The Birds of Massachusetts (Salem: Peabody Museum) Some references to Sudbury-Concord River valley and a large bibliography of research papers, those identifiable by title to the valley are separately cited herein.

Halainen, W. 1982. "Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) [at Minute Man NHP]." Unpublished memo. Concord, MA, Minute Man NHP. 1 p. & 5 maps. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Hallam, John. 1993. "Balancing our environmental account." IN: The Sudbury River: A Celebration [of the 40th Anniversary of the Sudbury Valley Trustees]. Pub. by SVT and DeCordova Museum, Lincoln MA. Photographs by Frank Gohlke. Conservation history and photos of river and hazardous waste site.

Harding, Walter. 1969. "Thoreau in the Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History." Thoreau Society Bulletin, 73 (fall). Lists Thoreau's contributions of specimens.

Hardy, Christopher (Mass. Audubon). 1998. "Swamp things: a journey through Gowing's Swamp," The Concord Journal, Nov. 5, 1998. A naturalist's interesting description of the swamp.

Hawkins, D. C. 1914. [Shells of Concord, Mass.] Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History. 1:30. (Incorporated in Barnes 1917 herein.)

Heck, Berlin. 1973. "Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge." Bird Observer of Eastern Mass., 1(5): 112 (Sept.-Oct.).

Heffenger, C.P.W.W., and J.B. Hopkins. 1910. "A List of Coleptera Collected at Concord, Mass." Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History at Middlesex School. v. 2: 7-10. At CFPL.

Hemond, H. F. 1980. "Biogeochemistry of Thoreau's bog, Concord, Massachusetts." Ecological Monographs, 50(4): 507-526. Copy in CFPL.

------. 1983. "The nitrogen budget of Thoreau's bog." Ecology, 64(1): 99-109 (February). Copy in CFPL.

[Heusmann, H.W., compiler?] 1998. "Pantry Brook Wildlife Management Area, Sudbury, Massachusetts, 1998 Compliance Report and Final Project Summary, Pantry Brook Dam." (MS at Mass. Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, per H. Heusmann) This document was submitted the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waltham, MA. [Surveys of birds, esp. waterfowl, and flora of Pantry Brook Wildlife Management Area, Sudbury, Mass., over a period of 5 years. Data from Brad Blodget, state ornithologist <Brad.Blodget@state.ma.us>, Paul Somers, state botanist <psomers@state.ma.us>, et al.]

Heusmann, H.W. and Robert Belville. 1982. "Wood Duck research in Massachusetts." Research Bulletin 19, Mass. Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. (Note: in Jan. 2002, H. Heusmann of MassWildlife writes "Records of wood duck nest box usage on the Great Meadows NWR impoundments in Concord; the Greenoughs Conservation Area in Carlisle; the Buttricks impoundments in Concord; Warner Pond, Concord; and Estabrook [Mink] Pond in the Harvard Forest area of Concord are available in MassWildlife files at the Westborough, MA office.")

Hoar, Samuel. 1950. "A fresh-water marsh." An appendix in  Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) p. 129-33. Initially appeared in Sept-Oct 1949 issue of Your Field Sports, a publication of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Association. (Very interesting brief land use history of Concord Great Meadows in 20th century before and after the creation of the impoundments.)

Holden, Silas Herbert. 1902. "Journal 1896-1902 (Private Shooting Notes and Times of Arrival of Birds, &c.)" At CFPL.

Hosmer, Alfred W. 1878-1903. "List of the Wild Flowers (and Time of Blooming ) found in Concord and Vicinity, as observed by Alfred W. Hosmer" In MS volumes at CFPL.

------ 1888-1903. "[Journal, 1888-1903, in One Manuscript Volume]." Diary of botany walks. MS at CFPL.

------. 1899b. "A violet-flowered form of the fringed Polygala," Rhodora. 1(3): 173 (Sept.).

------. 1899c. "Further additions to the flora of Middlesex Country." Rhodora, 1(4): 223-224 (Dec.). At CFPL.

------. 1992. "Alfred Hosmer's Country Journal 1888-1903." Transcribed with notes by Sarah Chapin. MS. 149 pages with map.

Howe, Reginald Heber, Jr. 1908. "Rare Massachusetts birds collected at Concord" and "Massachusetts Records [of Goshawk and Prairie Horned Lark]." The Auk, 25: 323.

------. 1911. "The second record for Blanding's Turtle in Concord, Mass." Science, 34: 272.

------. 1912. "Thoreau, the Lichenist." Guide to Nature 5 (May): 17-20.

------. 1913. "Holboell's Grebe in Concord, Massachusetts." The Auk, 30: 267.

------. 1913-15. "The foliaceous and fruticose lichens of Concord, Massachusetts with keys to all New England species." Proc. Thoreau Mus. Nat. Hist. v.1, p.27-29, 30-32, 37-40.

------. 1919. "The Odonata of Concord, Massachusetts." Ent. News 30: 10-14. At Mayr Library, MCZ.

"Identification of Nonnative and Unusual Tree Species not present in the North Bridge Area Landscape on April 19, 1775." 1979? Report for Minute Man National Historical Park. 39 pp. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

[Jackson, Scott; Alan Richmond, Thomas Tyning, and Christopher Leahy, coordinators/prospective authors. 2002 (expected pub. date). Herpetological Atlas of Massachusetts.] (Sponsor: Mass. Audubon Society, C. Leahy, contact.) S. Jackson writes the editor: "The Herp Atlas data are in the final stages of being prepared for publication. We hope to publish the Atlas in a peer-reviewed journal, but have not yet prepared a manuscript for publication. We do release information upon special request for specific projects. The data are arranged so that we can provide information for USGS topographic quads or 1/6 quad blocks. Most records also include town and locality information....Requests for Herp Atlas Data should be made to: Scott Jackson, University of Massachusetts <sjackson@umext.umass.edu>. For Information about voucher specimens, photos, audiotapes, videotapes contact: Alan Richmond, UMass Museum of Zoology."

Jarvis, Edward. 1994. Concord Flora 1834-1836, Observed By Edward Jarvis. Compiled, edited, and introduced by Sarah Chapin. (Concord MA: pub. by author.)

Jeanne, R.L. 1973. "The Social Wasps (No. 5)." Being part No. 5 In "A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station", ed. by D.S. Woodruff. (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology.) At CFPL.

Jenkins, Jerry and Elizabeth Thompson. 1993. "Plant communities survey of Minuteman National Historical Park." Report at CFPL.

Jenks, C.W. 1913. "Holboell's Grebe at Bedford." The Auk, p. 429 (Feb. 15).

Jones, Gwilym S. 1993. "Mammals of Minute Man National Historical Park." 10 pp. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Kelso, G.K. 1990. "Exploratory pollen analysis of historical matrices at the David Brown homestead [Concord, Mass.]." Chapter 5 IN: Archeological Investigations of Minute Man National Historical Park (Vol. 1), Cultural Resources Management Study No. 22. (Concord MA: MMNHP.) Pages 85-106. See, Kelso, Dwyer, and Synenki. 1994. "Pollen Record Formation Processes." Northeast Historical Archaeology. p.59-78. Both at MMNHP Resource Mgmnt Office.

Koteff, Carl. 1963. "Glacial lakes near Concord, Massachusetts." Article 96 in U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 475-C, p. C142-C144.

------. 1964. "Surficial geology of the Concord quadrangle." Map GQ-331, scale 1:24,000 and accompanying 4 pp. pamphlet (Reston VA: USGS).

LaBash, C., and I. Keniski. 1993. "Ecological reconnaissance of Minuteman National Historical Park: project summary and data documentation." Report. (Concord: Minute Man NHP.) 25 p. & 3 maps.

Lazell, James D., Jr. 1974. "The Biology of Beaver Pond." Report for the Lincoln [Mass.] Conservation Commission. Available at Lincoln conservation office.

Leonard, Michael C. 1982. "A description of the forest ecosystem and a forest management plan for the Minute Man National Historical Park." Report, Dec. 3, 1982. At MMNHP Resource Mgmnt Off.

Lincoln Conservation Commission. 1973. "Lincoln Wetlands." Available at Lincoln conservation office.

Lincoln Conservation Commission and Ellen Meadors. 2001. "Lincoln biodiversity (wildlife) database." Database at LCC office.

Lincoln Pond Committee. 1997. "Report of the Lincoln Pond Committee to the Lincoln Land Conservation Trust and the Lincoln Conservation Commission, January, 1997." Typescript in Lincoln Conservation Office.

Lincoln Wildlife Advisory Committee. 1997. "Conservation Stewardship of Leased Agricultural Lands: A Report of the Wildlife Committee to the Lincoln Conservation Commission." (November 1) 31 pp.; and its "Technical Support Document with Bibliography" ca. 100 pp. (1997). Describes bird- and wildlife-protective conditions on leasing of farm land owned by Lincoln conservation commission. Report available at Lincoln conservation office and at <http://home.earthlink.net/~steveells>.

Lincoln, Mary S. 2001. [Mosses in Lincoln, Mass.]. TS. (List of 68 species, being updated, plus illustrated brochure.) At Lincoln conservation office.

MacCallum, Wayne F. 1972. "Return of the cavity nesters." Massachusetts Wildlife, 23(6): 10-13 (Nov.-Dec.). Background on return of Hooded Merganser and Wood Duck to state. Small amount of valley-specific information.

Maguire, L.; P. Nelson, W. G. Abrahamson, and D. S. Woodruff. 1973. "Pickman Area Vegetation Map." Being No. 2 in: A guide to resources of the Concord Field Station, edited by D.S. Woodruff. (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.) This is a map of the laboratory area of the CFS in Bedford.

Martinez, Joseph. 1992. "Minuteman Park report, vernal pool survey: spring 1992." 13 pp. with maps. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Mason, C. Russell [exec. dir., Mass. Audubon].1950. "The Importance of Birds in the Sudbury Valley." An appendix in  Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) p 133-34 (A generalized supplementary statement.)

Mass. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs. 2002. "Massachusetts Watershed Initiative: Suasco Watershed Home Page." At <http://www.state.ma.us/envir/mwi/suasco.htm>.

------. 2001. BioMap: Guiding land conservation for biodiversity in Massachusetts. (Boston: Mass. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs & Mass. Division of Fisheries and Wildlife.) 58 pp. with separate technical report (below). Designates the valley as core habitat for biodiversity, to be supplemented with polygon analysis [in preparation].

Mass. Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program, Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. 2001. BioMap Technical Report: A supplement to BioMap: guiding land conservation for biodiversity in Mass. (June 2001.) 69 pp. Discusses criteria under which the valley was included as core habitat for biodiversity.

------. [Various estimated and priority habitat maps and atlases for state-listed rare species.] The ultimate source for information on rare species is the state Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program (NHESP), but they only give out specific information to people who have a need to know. See, <http://www.state.ma.us/dfwele/dfw/nhesp/>.

Mass. Riverways Program, Dept. of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Environmental Law Enforcement. 2002. "Adopt a stream: Suasco Watershed Web Page." URL is <http://www.state.ma.us/dfwele/river/rivsuasco.htm>.

May, John B. 1928. "Golden-crowned Sparrow collected at Bedford, January 26, 1928." The Auk, p. 222.

Maynard, Charles Johnson. 1928. Vocal Organs of Talking Birds and Some Other Species. (West Newton MA: by author.) p. 333-341 (Describes 1889 research and dissection of American Bitterns from Wash Brook to investigate organs of vocalization. See, Torrey 1889.) At Mayr Library, MCZ.

Mayr, Ernst. 1992. "A local flora and the biological species concept." American Journal of Botany, 79: 222-238. Particularly "Part B. Analysis of the Concord flora from data supplied by Carroll Wood and Ray Angelo and chromosome data provided by G. Ledyard Stebbins," and "Appendix. Changes from Eaton's Flora (1974)" [data from Ray Angelo]. Mayr investigated whether the biological species concept applies even to most plants. He surveyed the local flora in 27 square miles around Concord, Massachusetts, and suggested that even plants largely conform to the biological species concept. At Boston PL.

McAdow, Ron. 1990. The Concord Sudbury and Assabet Rivers: A guide to Canoeing, Wildlife and History (Marlborough MA: Bliss Publishing for Sudbury Valley Trustees) 222 pp. Includes wildlife identification guide.

------. 1993. "The Naturalists' River." Sanctuary, 33(1): 12-15

McKnight, D. M.; E. M Thurman, R. L Wershaw, and H. Hemond. 1985. "The bio-geochemistry of aquatic humic substances in Thoreau's Bog, Concord, Massachusetts." Ecology, 66(4): 1339-1352.

Meixsell, L. Mike (of SuAsCo Watershed Ass'n). 2000-2001. "Anadromous Fishery Restoration Milestone: Sudbury-Assabet-Concord River Basin" and similar articles in The Meadows Messenger [newsletter] (Sudbury MA: US F&WS Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge).

Minson, Madeleine. 1999. "Seeds of Optimism: Thoreau's Late Field Studies." Concord Saunterer N.S., 7: 33-53. Well written treatment of seeds, Darwin, etc.

Morgan, Allen H. [Unpublished journals.] Allen Morgan's MS journals have been located at Mass. Audubon's facility in Canton, Mass., where they may or may not remain, reports Stephen Johnson of Sudbury Valley Trustees (April 28, 2002). (Journals are cited, e.g., in Walton 1984 p. 209.)

------. 1965. "Barometer of change [in bird populations as a result of insecticide use in the Sudbury Valley, Mass.]" Massachusetts Audubon, vol. 50, no. 2 (Winter.) At CFPL.

Naimo, Teresa J.; James G. Wiener, Erika D. Damschen, and Nicolas S. Bloom. 1995. "Assessment of the bioavailablility of sediment-associated mercury in the Sudbury River: 3rd interim progress report." Submitted by US National Biological Survey to US EPA and US F&WS Reg. 5. 30 pp. (Nov. 9, 1995). At USFWS Weir Hill.

National Audubon Society. 2002. "NAS Christmas Bird Count Home Page." NAS maintains a CBC home page at <www.audubon.org/bird/cbc>. The Concord area has been a long-time CBC participant. While the CBC database itself still functions through BirdSource, most other features are hosted by Audubon. The site allows one to query the CBC database or to download CBC data in Excel format to perform your own analyses. To get to the "Historical Results" link you can either use the CBC link on the www.audubon.org home page or go directly to the CBC home page using www.audubon.org/bird/cbc, or from the Audubon home page click on "birds and science", then look for "Christmas Bird Count" under "Citizen Science." Christmas Bird Counts for Concord (and the entire state) in recent years have been published annually in the magazine, Bird Observer [of Eastern Mass.]. See, <http://massbird.org/birdobserver>. See also, the appendix to Walton 1984, which reviewed trends in Christmas Counts from 1960-1983. See, Wayne Hanley, "The Concord Christmas Count." Bird Observer, 3(1): 38 (1975?).

Necaise, Laurie. 1997. "Winter Bird Survey, Minute Man National Historical Park, Winter 1997." At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Nightingale, Gordon T., and Winston S. Saville. [Field Agents, Dept. of Conservation.] 1950. "Wildlife Values and Potentials." An appendix in  Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) p. 124-28. Interesting supplement.

Norwood, Henry. 2002. "Notes on points of interest along the Sudbury River between Little Farms Road and Route 20 [in Wayland & Sudbury, Mass.]." Jan. 10 typescript. This 9 page report describes traditional birding spots.

Paine, Barbara B. 1961. "Thoreau's Wildflowers: a 100-Year Record." Audubon Magazine. LXIII (July): 194-197. How Mrs. Edmund Fenn & Richard Eaton are confirming Thoreau's wildflower records of a century ago.

Palmer, Ralph. 1950. "The Birds of Concord" [review of Griscom 1949]. Bird-Banding, Vol. 21, January.

Perkins, Simon, editor. 1993. "Regional Descriptions of Massachusetts [incl. Sudbury River Valley]" In: Veit and Peterson, 1993, Birds of Massachusetts, pp. 8-10.

Petersen, Wayne R. 1981. "Massachusetts Rallidae--Summary." Bird Observer of Eastern Massachusetts. 9(4): 159-174 (August).

Petersen, Wayne R. and Roger Meservey, editors. 2002? Massachusetts Breeding Bird Atlas. (Lincoln MA: Massachusetts Audubon Society.) In preparation.

Peterson, Roger Tory. 1964. "Foreword" to Thoreau on Birds, Helen Cruickshank, compiler and commenter (New York: McGraw-Hill). Peterson comments on importance of "almost continuous observation" in Concord River Valley.

------. 1990. "Foreword" to: The Concord Sudbury and Assabet Rivers, by Ron McAdow (Marlborough MA: Bliss Publishing Co., Inc. for Sudbury Valley Trustees, 1990), pages xi and xii. Peterson comments on longevity of observations in Sudbury River Valley.

Pierson, E. L. 1915. "A list of Odonata (Dragon Flies) collected at Concord, Massachusetts." Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History (Middlesex School), 1:41.

Pratt, Minot. 1873. "Trees of Concord, Indigenous and Introduced." Lecture at Concord Farmers' Club, March 6. Concord Farmers Club Series II, MS essays. At CFPL.

------. 1878. "Plants of Concord, Natural and Introduced." (MS in CFPL.)

------. c.1879. "Flowers and Flower Culture." (Bog.) (MS in CFPL.)

Preston, William M. 1974. "Trail guide to the Beaver Pond Preserve." (Lincoln MA: Lincoln Land Conservation Trust.) Brochure with maps and species list by habitat. At Lincoln cons office.

------. 1979. "Thoreau's Andromedas." TS. 4 pp. At Lincoln conservation office.

Rice, Nathalie L. 1987. "Comparative Analysis of Two Wetlands Assessment Methodologies as applied to the Elm Brook Wetland in Concord and Lincoln, Mass." (Master's Thesis, Tufts Univ.) At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Richardson, Laurence E. 1964. Concord River. (Barre MA: Barre Publishers, 1964.) 73pp.

------. 1971. "Peucedanum palustre again in Massachusetts." Rhodora, 73: 460-461.

Rickettson, Oliver G., Jr. 1911. "A List of Reptilia Collected at Concord, Mass." Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History at Middlesex School, 2: 11-13.

Rines, Marjorie. 2001. "A Quadding 2000 Diary." Bird Observer, 29(1): 15-21. Describing a new form of local species listing, using USGS quad. Includes Great Meadows NWR and Sherman's Bridge, etc.

------. 2002. "Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge." Bird Observer, 30(6): 385-6. Personal appreciation of birding GMNWR.

Roberts, Paul, compiler. 1980s through early 1990s. Line items in seasonal reports of hawk migration through the Sudbury Valley. Data from Paul Roberts <phawk@world.std.com> and Carol Storrs, et al. (Eastern Massachusetts Hawk Watch, Medford MA <http://www.massbird.org/EMHW/>.)

Rosenfeld, Mary B. 1998. "The declining status of rare salamanders, rare turtles, and common turtles in Lincoln, MA. 1997." Report sponsored by the Lincoln Land Conservation Trust. 304 pp. Report at Lincoln conservation office.

Rustigian, Heather. 1995. "Summer inventory of Lincoln's conservation fields." For Lincoln, Mass. Land Conservation Trust and Lincoln Conservation Commission. MS in Lincoln conservation office.

Schofield, Edmund A. 1988, 2000. "The Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus virginianus [Gmelin]), an indicator species of the northern pine-oak forest" (unpubl.).

Shaw, Nigel, and Dan Danttilio. 1993. "Minute Man's historic landscape restored." 1992 Highlights of NPS Natural Resources Management. (NPS pub. NRR-93/10.) 67pp. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Smith, Benjamin L. 1940. "A report on a fresh water shell heap at Concord, Mass." Bulletin of the Mass. Archaeological Society 1(3):14-26.

Smith, F., and others. 1995. "Notice of Intent: Folley Pond, Lincoln, Massachusetts, Minute Man National Historical Park." Report and wetlands compliance document. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Sorrie, Bruce A., and Paul Somers. 1999. The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist. Mass. Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program. 186 pp. The first published comprehensive compilation of the state's vascular flora since 1840. Distributions indicate whether a species is considered native or introduced in the county. Provides current nomenclature for 3119 native and introduced vascular plant taxa, and recognized but unnamed hybrids, found currently or historically in the Commonwealth.

"Species list [plants]: Minute Man NHP Fire Management Plan." 1992. And see, "Species list: Newly listed species." (Newly listed plant species identified by Bill Fuchs 5/97-8/99.) At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Stroud, Richard A. [Aquatic biologist, Dept. of  Conservation]. 1950. "Fish populations." An appendix in  Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) p. 122-24 (A generalized supplementary statement. Very general. Article suggests that agency knew nothing specific about the fish conditions at that time, which is understandable for this warm-water fishery.)

[Stymeist, Robert; Richard A. Forster, Marjorie W. Rines, Simon A. Perkins, and others.] 197x to date. "Bird Sightings." Bird Observer. Sightings throughout the state are published, in each of six issues/year, by species with quantity and location. The following locations are standardized within coverage area: GMNWR (referring to the northerly unit, the Concord impoundments, of the national wildlife refuge), NAC (Nine Acre Corner, Concord), DFWS (Mass. Audubon's Drumlin Farm Wildlife Sanctuary, Lincoln), and SRV (referring to the Sudbury River valley portion of this bibliography). Though other sightings are located simply by town, e.g., "Wayland," these are still useful. Earlier regular reports of sightings (some in the valley) include the series "Records of New England Birds," edited in the 1930s by David L. Garrison and others; and Ruth Emery's 40 years of records for Mass. Audubon.

Sudbury Valley Commission. 1950. Report of the Sudbury Valley Commission relative to the Sudbury River and its environs under chapter 34 of the Resolves of 1949 of the General Court [Legislature] of Massachusetts, March 1950 (Boston: Wright and Potter, 1950) 142 pp. An example of various reports on water supply, water quality, and flood control, some at CFPL.

Sudbury Valley Trustees. 1999. "Out and About in the SuAsCo Watershed." (Wayland, Mass.: Sudbury Valley Trustees, Inc.) An excellent map and guide to 2,000 acres owned by SVT through 1999. Shows mosaic of protected land in the valley owned by other public or private agencies. A very fine work, but does not show the Weir Hill unit of GMNWR and certain Concord and Lincoln conservation lands, and chose not to show conservation and agricultural preservation restrictions.

------. 2000. Greenways Plan for the SuAsCo Watershed. (Wayland, Mass.: Sudbury Valley Trustees.

Teale, Edwin Way. 1982. "Stems beyond counting, flowers unnumbered." Audubon. Vol. 84, no. 4 (July). (National Audubon Society.) Piece concerns the spread of purple loosestrife as observed by the author on the Sudbury River in Concord, Mass. [At CFPL.]

Thomas, L. A. 1992-3. "A salamander survey at Minute Man National Historical Park." 12 p. & 4 maps. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Thompson, Elizabeth and Jerry Jenkins. 1992. "Summary of field data from Minuteman National Park: Plant communities study." 39 pp. and 4 maps. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Thoreau, Henry D. A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers. (Various editions.)

------. The Journal of Henry David Thoreau. (Various editions.)

------. Walden. (Various editions).

------. 1980. Natural History Essays. Ed. by Robt. Sattelmeyer. (Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith.) 262 pp.

------. 1993. Faith in a Seed: The Dispersion of Seeds and other late natural his-tory writings. 1993. Edited by Bradley P. Dean. (Washington DC: Island Press.) 282 pp.

------. 2000. Wild Fruits: Thoreau's Rediscovered Last Manuscript. Edited and introduced by Bradley P. Dean (New York: Island Press.) 408 pp.

------. [Thoreau's detailed MS charts of dates of plant and bird observations.] The editor has been advised that "about the best citations you'll be able to use would be the ones in Howarth's calendar of Thoreau MSS [prob. in Howarth's The Literary Manuscripts of Henry David Thoreau, pp. 309-330. And see his The Book of Concord (London: Penguin, p. 172, 176-187)]. I am advised that Thoreau divided and cited the MSS according to months rather than phenomena (for the most part). Most of the bird-related MSS are at the Huntington Library, the Berg Library, and Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology." [From Bradley P. Dean, Ph.D., Director, Media Center, Thoreau Institute.]

Torrey, Bradford. 1889. "The 'booming' of the bittern." The Auk, 6(1): 1-8. First description in ornithological literature of the American Bittern's vocalization in Wayland's Wash Brook marsh. See, Maynard 1928. (Torrey relates approvingly that Wayland country people describe the sound as plum-pudd'n'.) Compare, Frank Bolles' descriptions (in Bolles 1891 herein) of "The bittern's love song" in Rock Meadow [Belmont] pp. 159-164; "Rock Meadow at night" pp. 176-180; and "The secrets of the meadow" pp. 181-189.

Tyler, W.M. 1914. "Notes on the nest life of the Brown Creeper in Massachusetts." The Auk, pp. 50-62. Local nesting in Lexington and Concord.

US Department of Defense and Massachusetts Audubon Society (Ronald Lockwood?). No date (ca. 1998). "Checklist of  Birds, Hanscom Air Force Base. Department of Defense Partners in Flight." Unpaginated. (Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center.) Posted at. <http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/chekbird/r5/Hanscom.htm> (Version 18JUL00.)

U.S. Soil Conservation Service. 1981? [Soil Survey of the Minute Man National Historical Park.] 100 pp. report in loose leaf binder. File memo by B. Hooper and B. Halainen of MMNHP, 2/26/82. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

US Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife. 1972. "Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge Reptiles and Amphibians." Pamphlet RL-428.

US Environmental Protection Agency, Region One Office [Various reports on Nyanza Chemical Waste Dump, a National Priority List Superfund Site upstream in Ashland MA, and its mercury pollution of the Sudbury and Concord Rivers.] See, Nyanza Superfund Fact Sheet at <http://www.epa.gov/region1/superfund/sites/nyanza>. Document repositories are at Ashland PL and US EPA Region One in Boston.

------. 2002? "USEPA: Surf Your Watershed--Concord River." Multiple web pages at <http://www.epa.gov/surf/huc.cfm?huc_code=01070005>.

US Fish and Wildlife Service. [Anadromous fish restoration program.] A multi-year program to restore the alewife to the Sudbury-Concord River valley is now underway in cooperation with the state, and spawning is occurring. A comprehensive management plan for the Merrimack River Basin has been published by the USFWS. For information specific to the Sudbury-Concord River sub-basin, please contact the USFWS office in Nashua NH (603-595-3586) or Laconia NH (603-528-8750) or visit <http://www.fws.gov/r5cneafp>. Pers. comm. J. McKeon, March 20, 2002.

------. [No date.] "Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge Concord Unit--Dike Trail." Map and basic wildlife information. 2 pp.

------. 2000. "Birds: Great Meadows, Assabet River, and Oxbow National Wildlife Refuges." Pamphlet.

------. 2001. "Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge." Pamphlet with map.

------. [Various surveys and studies relating to the Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, in addition to those otherwise listed herein.] Available at the refuge headquarters at 73 Weir Hill Road, Sudbury MA 01776. Personal comm. from Stephanie Koch, March, 2002. (The Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge spans 12 miles of the Sudbury-Concord River, with a total of about 3,500 acres in two units within the bibliography's area. See, <http:// www.fws.gov/r5fws/ma/grm.htm>.) These surveys and studies include the following:

1. Breeding bird surveys for 2000 and 2001, ongoing until at least 2004.
2. Anuran surveys [certain amphibians] for 2000 and 2001, ongoing until at least 2004.
3. Marshbird surveys for 2000 and 2001, ongoing until at least 2004.
4. Woodcock surveys for 2000 and 2001, ongoing at least for 2002.
5. Shorebird use of impounded wetlands within USFWS Region 5, began in 2000 and ongoing. Includes weekly counts of migrating shorebirds.
6. Integrated wetland management for shorebirds and wintering waterfowl on USFWS Region 5 National Wildlife Refuges, began in 2000 and ongoing. Includes weekly counts of migrating waterfowl. (James Anderson, WVU, P.I.).
7. Bluebird box program and monitoring since late 1980's, maybe continued in future
8. Wood duck box program and monitoring since 1980's, likely ongoing, conducted by H. Heusmann (Mass. Wildlife).
9. West Nile Virus study (mist netting and bleeding neotropical migrants), 2001 and ongoing for at least 2002, conducted by Bob Dusek, National Wildlife Health Center).
10. Nontarget Aquatic Invertebrate Community Study, USFWS.
11. Various vegetation surveys--includes some specific to studies, some anecdotal information.
12. Deer study 2002, maybe ongoing, looking at movements and behavior in urban and rural deer.
13. Malformed frog studies: Annual reports by USFWS and Converse et al. (2000), cited herein.
14. Various species lists for mammals, birds, invertebrates, plants--based on biodiversity days, staff observations, etc.
15. Invasive species control studies for cattail, loosestrife, and water chestnut.
16. Midwinter bald eagle surveys late 1990s and ongoing, in conjunction with the state.

------. 2003. Eastern Mass. National Wildlife Refuge Complex Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment [incl. Great Meadows NWR].  Proposed management plan until year 2019, includes summaries of current studies, and a species list in App. F for birds, butterflies, invertebrates, fish, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and plants.

US Geological Survey "Concord River Drainage Basin" Home Page at <http://ma.water.usgs.gov/basins/concord.htm>.

US National Park Service, Minute Man National Historical Park. Approx. 25 documents on various subjects are individually listed herein alphabetically by author or subject. Also, census programs are currently underway (or reports are in press) on fish, herps, and birds. Water quality data are also available. Pers. comm. from Chris Davis, March 15, 2002. Park home page is at <http://www.nps.gov/mima>.

------. 1996. "Ecological Monitoring of Elm Brook Wetland." Report submitted to Lincoln, Mass. Conservation Commission, August 1996. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

US National Park Service, Wild and Scenic Rivers Program 1996. "Sudbury, Assabet and Concord Wild and Scenic River Study Draft Report." Nov. 26, 1996. (Final designation occurred on April 9, 1999.) Web page at <http://www.nps.gov/rivers/wsr-suasco.html/>. Also see materials at CFPL.

Veit, Richard R., and Wayne R. Petersen. 1993. Birds of Massachusetts. (Massachusetts Audubon Society.) 514 pp. Species by species discussion of arrival time, abundance, and with summary breeding maps.

Walker, Eugene H. 1974. "Minerals of Concord," The Concord Saunterer, 9(3): 1-6 (Sept.).

Walker, Mary M. 1993. "A History of Concord's Flora." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C. Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press) p. 190-195, and reprint at CFPL.

------. 1997. "Plants in Bloom." Illustrated monthly series in web-zine Concord Magazine: "April" at <concordma.com/features/apr97.html>. "May" at <.../dogwood.html>. "Mid-June" at <.../plant.html>. "Mid-July" at <.../plant2.html>. "Early September" at <.../plant3.html>. "October's Trees" at <.../octtrees.html>.

------. 2003. "History of the New England Wild Flower Society Herbarium." 2 pp. MS on file at New England Wild Flower Society Library. The herbarium collection consisting of between 3000-4000 specimens was started ca. 1973 at the MCZ's Concord Field Station and maintaineduntil in 1998 the Field Station (now mainly devoted to animal physiology studies at the lab in Bedford) stated it no longer wanted the herbarium. The collection is now widely used in classes at NEWFS, and the teaching purpose which the original curators at CFS had in mind has finally been fully realized, but elsewhere.

Walker, W.W. 1988. "White Pond water quality studies." (Concord, Mass.: White Pond Advisory Committee.) 28 pp.

Walls, Laura Dassow. 1995. Seeing New Worlds: Henry David Thoreau and Nineteenth-Century Natural Science (Madison WI: U Wisconsin P.) Thoreau scholar examines his observations of nature., esp. p 136-147.

Walton, Richard K. 1984. Birds of the Sudbury River Valley: A Historical Perspective (Lincoln MA: Mass. Audubon Society.) 220pp. Valuable successor to Griscom 1949.

------.. 1985. Birds of Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Massachusetts. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Unpaginated. (Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center) Posted at <http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/chekbird/r5/meadows.htm>
(Version 22MAY98)

------. 1990. "Thoreau: speaking for birds." Bird Observer, 18(4 ): 205-209 (August).

"Where to Find Herons." 1982. Bird Observer, 10(3): 121 (June.) A where-to-find-birds article with references to the valley.

White, Jack C. 1914. "A List of Mammalia collected at Concord, Mass.[from 1901-1914]." Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History. Vol. 1, (December 24, 1914), p.33-36. (See also, Howe, 1901.)

Whitford, Kathryn. 1950. "Thoreau and the woodlots of Concord." The New England Quarterly. 23: 291-306 (September).

Whitford, Philip and Kathryn Whitford. 1951. "Thoreau: Pioneer Ecologist and Conservationist," Scientific Monthly LXXIII (Nov.): 291-6.

Whitney, Gordon C. and William C. Davis. 1986. "From primitive woods to cultivated woodlots: Thoreau and the forest history of Concord, Mass." Journal of Forest History, 30(2): 70-81 (April).

Wilcox, J. C. and W. E. Fuchs. 1999. "Vascular Plant inventory of a portion of Minute Man National Historical Park." Unpublished. 10 p. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

"Wildlife Observations [at Minute Man NHP]." 1981 to date. Loose leaf notebook maintained in MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Windmiller, Bryan S. 1993. "The status of the Elderberry Borer Beetle, Desmocerus palliatus, in Concord, Massachusetts." Final report to Mass. Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program. (Jan. 18).

------. 1996. "The pond, the forest, and the city: spotted salamander ecology and conservation in human-dominated landscape." (Ph.D. Dissertation, Tufts University, Medford, Mass.)

Windmiller, Bryan, and Richard K. Walton. 1992. "A survey of selected fauna [at MMNHP] with recommendations for wildlife conservation and habitat management." Report. 43 p. plus maps. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Wright, H. W. 1909. "Nesting of Blue-winged Warbler at Sudbury." The Auk, pp. 337-345.

------. 1918. "Blue-winged Warbler again nesting at South Sudbury." The Auk, p. 482.

Zielinski, Sally A. 1992. "Population studies of the rare species Viola brittoniana Pollard in Massachusetts: 1991 and 1992." Report for Minute Man NHP. 68 pp. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office.

Zuzmeskus, Dan. 1982. "Elm Brook, Minute Man National Park." One page memo to files dtd May 5, 1982 re brook fisheries. At MMNHP Resource Mgmt Office in Wildlife Observation looseleaf.

Zwinger, Ann and Edwin Way Teale. 1982. A Conscious Stillness: Two Naturalists on Thoreau's Rivers (NY: Harper & Row) 243 pp.

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Section 2.

Articles on plants, animals, and natural history
specific to Estabrook Woods

Abrahamson, Warren G. 1973. "Vegetation and Flora" (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology) (Part 3 of A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station, ed. by D.S. Woodruff). Part of MCZ series inventorying baseline natural resources of the Estabrook Woods and surrounding area. At CFPL.

------. 1973. Plant list for the Concord Field Station. MS, 7 pp. Not located.

------. 1973. "Concord Field Station Herbarium." MS, 4 pp. Not located.[As of 2002, the herbarium is at the New England Wildflower Society.]  To supplement information on this herbarium, see Sec. 1, page 25. Walker, Mary M. 2003. "History of the New England Wild Flower Society Herbarium." .

Arnold, Peter. 1967. [Checklist of mammals Seen in Estabrook Woods by Peter Arnold (in 1960s) and Reginald Heber Howe (in 1900s).] (MS at CFS & etc.)

------. 1968. "In Thoreau's [Estabrook] Woods" Massachusetts Audubon 52: 2-9. Natural history, esp. amphibian. At CFPL and in Buerger 1994 at p. 241-44.

Boston Mycological Club. Annually through 2001 at least. "Checklists of Mushroom Walks" [and similar titles.] Species lists--and often species photographs--observed on annual walks in the Estabrook Woods, etc. Posted at <http://www.bostonmycologicalclub.org>.

Brain, J. Walter. 1994. "Vegetation and Wildlife Habitat Inventory and Assessment of the Middlesex School Proposed Expansion Area in the Estabrook Woods in Concord, Mass.: A Report for the Concord Natural Resources Commission." Report of plants, birds, and habitat. In Buerger 1994 at p.144-163.

------. 1994. "Field Observations in the Estabrook Country- Field Notes." MS. In Buerger 1994 at pp. 139-43.

Buerger, Janet; Carolyn Davies, and Cindy McLean-Greeley. 1994. Estabrook Woods, Thoreau's Other "Great Wild Tract," Portfolio I: A Collection of Information (Concord and its Natural Resources Series). (Concord MA: League of Women Voters of Concord-Carlisle, December 1994.) 485 pp. Many Estabrook references are reprinted in this compilation. The most complete and last version has a light blue cover and is additionally titled "Preliminary Report of the Environment Committee, December 1994." A less useful (because less site-specific), earlier version has a pink cover and is additionally titled "Draft Interim Report" with cover caption "Portfolio 1, 1/1994" [i.e. January 1994]. (There is also a separate, yellow-covered "Summary" volume of 42 pp., issued in Dec., 1994 as a companion to the blue volume.) Copies of the blue Dec. 1994 version are in the Thoreau Institute's Henley Library in Lincoln and, I believe, in Middlesex School's library.

Carnegie, III, G. M. 1901. "A List of Batrachia Collected at Concord, Mass." Proceedings of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History at Middlesex School, vol. 1: 31-32.

Chapin, Sarah. [Sarah S. Hall.] 1975. "Estabrook Woods Moss Study." (Report for Concord Field Station. 31 pp.) At CFPL.

------. 1975. "Mosses on 5 acres in Estabrook Woods." Pamphlet. 15 pages with map. At CFPL.

------. 1976. "Eleven Weeks at Turtle Pond." MS. 53 pp. and transparencies. (ID of bryophyta and vascular flora and analysis of recreational impact near Punkatasset Hill.) At CFPL.

[Concord Field Station of Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology.] 1973. "Use of the Estabrook Woods." MS, 2 pp. Discusses possible conflicts between research program and other uses of Estabrook Woods.

"Concord Field Station Fungi." 1972. MS, 1 page. Not located. Referred to in Woodruff.

Concord Field Station. Ca. 1990. "Natural History Collections of the Concord Field Station." Poster. Describes 3,000 specimen herbarium of New England plants; diatom slide collection; 1,000 local species of insects; and spider collection, as well as natural history services offered to the public and to volunteers. (About the year 2000, the natural history and population studies center at the CFS was closed and its collections dispersed. The CFS's former herbarium collection is intact and is now in the good hands of The New England Wild Flower Society in Framingham. The insect collection may have gone to Great Meadows NWR headquarters in Sudbury.)

Cook, Robert E., "Fragile Blossoms of Spring Aren't Shrinking Violets." 1978. Smithsonian. 8: 64-71. The current director of the Arnold Arboretum engagingly reports on his post-doctoral work in Estabrook.

------. 1980a. "The biology of seeds in the soil." in Demography and the Dynamics of Plant Populations. O. T. Solbrig, ed.

------. 1980b. "Germination and size-dependent mortality in Viola blanda." Oecologia 47:115-117.

------. 1983a. "The biology of Viola fimbriatula in a natural disturbance." Ecology 64:654-660.

------. 1983b. "Clonal growth and reproduction in plants." Am. Sci. 71:244-253.

------. 1985. "Growth and demography in clonal plants." in The Biology and Evo-lution of Clonal Organisms, J.Jackson, L.Buss, R.Cook, eds.

------. 1988. "Growth in Medeola virginiana clones: field observations." Am.J.Bot. 75:723-729.

Eaton, Richard Jefferson. 1932. "The status of two introductions by Minot Pratt at Concord, Massachusetts: Camptosorus rhizophyllus and Helenium autumnale." Rhodora, 34: 405 (Sept.).

Ells, Stephen F. 1996. "Henry Thoreau and the Estabrook Country: A Historic and Personal Landscape," The Concord Saunterer, n.s., v. 4: 72-148 (Fall). (Lincoln MA: The Thoreau Society.) History, literary tradition, observation of nature.

------. 1999. The Seasons in Estabrook Country. (Lincoln, Mass.: by the author.) 112 pp. Anthology: background, land use and conservation history, bibliography of the Estabrook Woods-Easterbrooks Country.

------. 2002. "Ernst Mayr on environmental education and the MCZ's Concord Field Station in the Estabrook Woods: a collection of remarks." MS. 3 pp. dated March 10.

Evans, H.E., and F. D. Atwood. 1974. "Solitary Wasps of the Concord Field Station Area." Being No. 12 of A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station, ed. D.S. Woodruff. Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology. 10 pp.

Fitzgerald, Desmond, "Land Use History of the Estabrook Woods [in Concord, Mass. From 1636-1974]." Cambridge: 1974 (MCZ mimeo typescript at CFPL without maps or bibliography; draft?). [Intended to be Number 14 in "Guide to the Resources of the Concord Field Station, ed. by D.S. Woodruff. (Cambridge: MCZ)].

[Flint, Thomas, and Lawrence Terry, co-chairs]. "Ecological Study Area [in Estabrook Woods] for the Biological Community of Harvard University." (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 1967). (At CFPL and in Buerger 1994 at p. 280-86.)

Gadgil, M., and Otto T. Solbrig. 1972. "The Concept of R- and K- selection: Evidence From Wild Flowers and Some Theoretical Calculations." Amer. Nat. 106: 14-31.

Griffin, Donald R. 1958 & 1986. Listening in the Dark: The Acoustic Orientation of Bats and Men. (New Haven: Yale UP; reprinted by Cornell UP.) Bat echolocation studies were done in area, according to Dr. Griffin, "especially in and around barn then Emerson's, now Rodday's [near end of Estabrook Road] and along Monument Street." These activities supplied significant data for some scientific papers and for this book. Recently, Dr. Griffin has been for almost a decade observing and video-taping beaver life inside a lodge in Estabrook Woods. Among his other books are Animal Minds (Chicago UP, 1992); and The Question of Animal Awareness (Rockefeller UP, 1976-81).

Henry, Charles S. 1973. "Climate and Meteorology [of Concord Field Station]." Being No. 6 of: A Guide to Resources of the Concord Field Station. (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology). 10 pp.

Hosmer, Alfred W. 1899. "Plants introduced by Minot Pratt at Concord, Massachusetts," Rhodora, 1: 168-170.

Howe, Reginald Heber, Jr. [probable compiler and verifier]. 1904-05. "A List of Birds [observed at Middlesex School, with frequency and breeding status]." Bulletin of the Middlesex School Natural History Society, Nos. 3, 4, 5, & 6 (Supplement to The Anvil). (Nov. 1904-May 1905): 4 pp. Reprinted as appendix to Lockwood and Harte 2002b: Avifauna of Estabrook Woods.

------. 1905. "A List of Mammals [observed at Middlesex School 1901-1905]." Bulletin of the Middlesex School Natural History Society (Supplement to The Anvil). No. 7 (Dec.) (Probably compiled or reviewed by Howe. See also White, herein.)

------. 1905. "[General Notes.] A Female Cardinal Wintering in Concord, Mass." The Auk, XXII.

------. 1923. "Williomsonia lintneri (Hagen) [Ringed Boghaunter dragonfly]: its history and distribution." Psyche, 30, p.222-225 (Dec.) Discovered by Howe at Middlesex School . (See for Concord record, 26 Ent. News, p. 238 (1915) & Proc. Thor Museum of Nat Hist vol. 1, p. 41 (1915).

Lawrence, Barbara, and Charles P. Lyman. 1974. "List of Mammals of Eastern Massachusetts." (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology.) Being No. 7 of "A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station", ed. D.S. Woodruff.)

Lein, M. Ross. 1972. "The biological significance of some communication patterns of wood warblers (Parulidae)." (Ph. D. Thesis, Harvard University.) The role of vocalization in the competitive interactions and territorial behavior of warblers.

------. 1972. "Territorial and Courtship Songs of Birds." Nature. 237(5349), p. 48-49.

------. 1973? ["An Annotated list of the birds (in press)."] This, according to Woodruff, was to be No. 10 in the series A Guide to the Resources of the Concord Field Station, edited by David S. Woodruff. It was not found in 2002 and it is unlikely that it was ever published.

Littlejohn, J.J. 1974a. "Physiography and Geology" in draft. (To be No. 9 of A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station, ed. D.S. Woodruff). Uncertain whether it was issued in final.

------. 1974b. "Soils" in draft. (To be No. 15 of "A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station", ed. D.S. Woodruff.) Uncertain whether it was issued in final.

Lockwood, Ronald B. 1999. "[Birds of the] Estabrook Woods." Bird Observer, 27(3): 125-132 (June). Description of birding in area, routes, typical species, map.

Lockwood, Ronald B., and Kenneth J. Harte, compilers. 2002a. "State-Listed and High Conservation Priority Species of Estabrook Woods: Data provided by Kenneth J. Harte, Ronald B. Lockwood, and Richard K. Walton, 5 February 2002." 2 pp. Annotated checklist prepared for MassAudubon as part of nomination of Sudbury-Concord River Valley Important Bird Area.

Lockwood, Ronald B., and Kenneth J. Harte, compilers. 2002b. "Avifauna of Estabrook Woods: Data provided by Kenneth J. Harte, Ronald B. Lockwood, and Richard K. Walton, 5 February 2002." 6 pp. This is the first authoritative bird list for Estabrook Woods--an annotated checklist of 159 species of birds seen in last 36 years. Appendix is a list of 104 species seen at Middlesex School grounds in ca. 1904, prob. by Reginald Heber Howe Jr. It is available at <http://homepage.mac.com/sfe/henry/estabrook/birds/default.htm>.

Maguire, L.; P. Nelson, W. G. Abrahamson, and D. S. Woodruff. 1973. "Estabrook Woods, A Map of Physical Features, Topography, and Vegetation (No. 1)." (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology, and corrections sheet. (Being No. 1 of series "A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station", ed. D.S. Woodruff). At CFS and, reduced and B&W, in Buerger 1994 at p.300.

Mass. Natural Heritage Program, Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. 1995-2001. [Various opinion letters on the five state-listed species in Middlesex project area in Estabrook Woods, all in NHESP File 95-21, 1995-2001.]

Mayr, Ernst. 1963-70. "Annual Report[s]: Report of the Director, Museum of Comparative Zoology," for 1961-1969. (Cambridge: MCZ.)

------. ca. 1965. "Proposal for a 700 Acre Ecological Outdoor Laboratory Within 20 Miles of Cambridge at Concord, Massachusetts." 6 pp. and map. Reviewed by Dr. Mayr and authorship confirmed by him as the proposal he prepared for submission to Ford Foundation.

------. 1966a. "The Concord Field Station: An Ecological Outdoor Laboratory Within 20 Miles of Cambridge at Concord, Massachusetts." (Cambridge: MCZ, rev. Nov. 1966.) 8 pp.

------. 1966b. "The Director's Sounding Board." Museum of Comparative Zoology Newsletter, 6 (July 1).

[------.] 1966c?. "Plans for Research at the Concord Field Station of the Museum of Comparative Zoology." Cambridge: MCZ, June. 5pp. ]. TS, 5 pp. At CFPL and in Buerger 1994 at p.291-295.

------. 1967. "From the Director." Museum of Comparative Zoology Newsletter. 8 (April).

Murray, L. A. 1971. "Atlas of Estabrook Woods, Concord Field Station." Fourteen large mylar sheets; these were, about 1999, at the Bedford lab of the CFS in a map case in the sub-basement near the whale skulls.

Myer, Mary E., and Nancy Ranney. 1976. Aesthetic Management of New England Woodlands. (Bedford MA: Concord Field Station.) Pamphlet describing forestry demonstration project in Estabrook Woods. [Compare, D. I. King, and R. M. DeGraaf. "Silvicultural options for managing birds in northeastern hardwood forests in extensively forested landscapes." Bird Observer, 27(5): 232-240 (Oct. 1999). (Not site-specific to valley but has extensive bibliog.)]

Rines, Marjorie W. 1998. "Biodiversity Day." Bird Observer, 26(5): 224-28. Description of the commencement of this new naturalists' event, including activities in Estabrook Woods, including presence of black bear.

Rockwood, John P. (for Sanford Ecological Services). 1995. "Evaluation of [rare NHESP species on the project area] and mitigation alternatives: East Fields Site Plan, Middlesex School, Concord, Mass." Report to NHESP and Concord NRC on behalf of Middlesex School (Sept. 1, 1995) and various other rare species reports in NHESP File 95-21 from 1995-2001.

Walden Keeping Track. 2002 et seq. [Periodic surveys of certain area-sensitive animals which provide a good indication of habitat health. Survey areas include a portion of Estabrook Woods.] Contact Lydia Rogers <lydiarogers@earthlink.net>. A local affiliate of Keeping Track of Huntington, VT.

Walton, Richard K. 1994. [Census of birdlife in Estabrook Woods on grounds of Middlesex School, May 17-June 7, 1994]. "Report to Concord MA Natural Resources Commission." (typed, 7 pp., July 24.)

Windmiller, Bryan and Frances H. Clark. 1998. "An ecological inventory and assessment with recommendation for the ecological stewardship of the Newbury Woods [Concord, Mass.]." Report sponsored by The Concord Land Conservation Trust and the Sweet Water Trust.

Woodruff, David S., editor. 1973-74. Concord Field Station - A Guide to Resources. (Cambridge: MCZ.) A series of at least 12 booklets about the Estabrook Woods, in-dividually cited herein.

------. 1973. "Corrigenda for Estabrook Woods and Pickman Area Maps." Dated Nov. 2. Contained corrections to vegetation annotations on these resource maps.

------. 1974. "Introductory Notes, No. 8," (Being No. 8 in the series "A Guide to Resources of Concord Field Station", ed. by D.S. Woodruff) (Cambridge: Museum of Comparative Zoology). Excellent summary of history and has bibliography of research. (At CFPL and in Buerger 1994 at pp.301-14 and pp. 477-85.)

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Section 3.

Walden Woods & Walden Pond:
articles on plants, animals, and natural history.

Note: certain of the articles in preceding sections will be useful here, also. Special attention is also directed to Dr. Edmund Schofield's detailed and comprehensive bibliography of Walden Woods, cited below.

Angelo, Raymond L. 1983. Two Thoreau letters at Harvard. Thoreau Society Bulletin. 162:1-2. Winter. Letters to B.M. Watson about plants collected at Walden in August 1843.

Baystate Environmental Consultants, Inc. 1995. "Study of Trophic Level Conditions of Walden Pond, Concord, Massachusetts." (Mass. Dept. Envir. Mgmnt, Div. Res. Conserv. 111 p.).

Blanding, Thomas. 1988. "Historic Walden Woods," The Concord Saunterer, 20(1&2): 1-74. Definitive establishment of boundaries and history of Walden Woods.

Blanding, Thomas and Edmund A. Schofield. 1989. "Walden Woods." (Thoreau Country Conservation Alliance.) Pamphlet.

Brain, J. Walter. 1993. "The Glacial Channel at [Jacob] Baker Farm in Lincoln, Massachusetts." TS, 3 pp. The geology, plants and birds of a glacial meltwater breakout channel between the Flint Pond area and Baker Farm. Copy at Lincoln conservation office in Isis Fund CR file. See below.

------. 1994. "Lincoln's Jacob Baker Farm has 'glacial' link to Thoreau legacy." (Brain prefers the title "Thoreau's Beech Spring Still Flows in Walden Woods' Jacob Baker Farm.")  Concord Journal and  Lincoln Journal, July 7, 1994. Reprinted in Thoreau Society Bulletin 211 (spring-summer 1995). (The physiography, natural history, and historic significance of Thoreau's Beech Spring, the Beech Grove, and the glacial meltwater channel east of Pine Hill.) See above.

------. 1999. "Thoreau's Thrush Alley." The Concord Journal, July 8, 1999, p. 15-17. (Thoreauvian naturalist relocates Thoreau's Thrush Alley and investigates plant succession and wildlife there.)

------. 2003. "The Lure of Grape Cliff," CLCT Newsletter (Concord Land Conservation Trust) (Winter 2003) p. 3-4. A gentle exploration of a little-frequented portion of the Sudbury River frontage in Walden Woods, with careful identification of predominant species in different habitats.

Brewster, William. 1909. "The Otter in Eastern Massachusetts." Science, N.S., 29(744): 551-555. Reports of otter in Fairhaven Bay and Walden Woods, 1876-1889. At Mayr Library, MCZ.

Brooks, Paul. 1976. The View from Lincoln Hill: Man and the Land in a New England Town [Lincoln, Mass.] (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.) 273 pp.

Colman, John A., and M. C. Waldron. 1998. "Walden Pond, Massachusetts: Environmental Setting and Current Investigations, USGS Fact Sheet FS-064-98" (U. S. Geological Survey. June). Available on the web at <http://ma.water.usgs.gov/basins/concord.htm>. Or download this 250k Adobe PDF file.

Colman, John A., and Paul J. Friesz. 2001. Geohydrology and Limnology of Walden Pond, Concord, MA. U. S Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigation Report 01-4137, 58 pp. in Cooperation with Mass. Dept. Environmental Management, Northborough, MA . The scientific heartbeat and circulatory system of Walden Pond. See <http://ma.water.usgs.gov/basins/concord.htm>.

Collins, Jeffrey; Bill Giezentanner, Stephen Handel, and Christa Hawryluk. 2000. "Ecological inventory and conservation management plan for Brister's Hill and the Concord Landfill, Concord, Mass." (Lincoln MA: Mass. Audubon Soc., Feb.) 49 pp.

Deevey Jr, E. S. 1942, "A reexamination of Thoreau's Walden ." The Quarterly Review of Biology, 17 (1): 1-11.

Friescz, Paul J., and John A. Colman. 2001. "Hydrology and Trophic Ecology of Walden Pond, Concord, Massachusetts." US Geological Survey Water Resources Investigative Report (WRIR) 01-4153. This is map-poster showing much information with sophisticated graphic design. Available on the web at <http://ma.water.usgs.gov/basins/concord.htm>.

Gardiner, Richard A., and Associates. 1974. [Maps of Walden Pond State Reservation showing slopes, soils, vegetation.] In: Walden Pond Restoration Study: Final Report for the Middlesex Country Commissioners...and the Walden Pond Restoration Committee. Cambridge, 1974.

Graham, Kip. No date; 1985? "Forest Inventory of Pine Hill, Lincoln, Mass." MS at Lincoln conservation office.

Gibbs, Donald (Gordon College). After 1980. "A vegetation study of Sandy Pond [Lincoln, Mass.]." Typescript in Lincoln Conservation Office.

Goddard-Taylor, Gayle. (2002). "All the world in a gram of soil: what you see in the soil isn't half the story." Sanctuary, 42 (1, autumn): 6-7. Non-technical description of interactions of fungi, forest, and soil, purportedly at DeCordova Museum, Lincoln MA (formerly Thoreau's Three Friends Hill ).

Hales, John G. 1819. "A Map of Boston and Its Vicinity." This may be the earliest documentation of the extent of vegetated Walden Woods in the post-colonial period. These would have been the woods of Emerson and Thoreau's earliest memory. (At NEHGS, State Library (Spec. Collections), and Amherst College.

Howe, Reginald Heber, Jr. 1908. "New Massachusetts Records for the Hawk and Great Gray Owls," The Auk, XXV: 84. Location confirmed by Howe-Brewster correspondence at MCZ.

Joyce, Kristina A. 1993. "Underwater Walden." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C. Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press.) p. 172-180. (Underwater wildlife exploration.)

L[ ]., J[ ]. 1981. Mt. Misery Conservation Land Forest Type Map. 1 inch=200 feet.

Levey, Norman, and Stephen F. Ells. 2002. "Pine Hill-Flint's Pond data on selected species [part of the IBA nomination of the Sudbury River-Concord River Valley Area], January 29, 2002." TS report to Mass. Audubon. to support IBA nomination. 3 pp. (Annotated checklist of priority species.) At Lincoln conservation office.

Lincoln Land Conservation Trust. 1992. Chapters: "Mount Misery," "Flint's Pond," "Farrar Pond," "Adams Woods," "Walden Pond," and "Pine Hill" In: Guide to Conservation Land in Lincoln (Lincoln MA: LLCT.) 149 pp. At Lincoln conservation office and Lincoln PL.

Lincoln MA (Town of) Conservation Commission. 1981. "Forest Inventory of Mount Misery Conservation Area." Lincoln Conservation Commission. Available at Lincoln conservation offices.

------. 1981. "Past land use of Sandy [Flint's] Pond." Available at Lincoln conservation office.

Lincoln MA (Town of) Water Department. 1998. "Flint's Pond Amended Watershed Resource Protection Plan Update." August 31. With wildlife survey. Report at Lincoln conservation office.

Mass. Dept. of Environmental Protection, Div. of Watershed Management. 1999. "Final Massachusetts Section 303(d) List of Waters 1998 [under the Clean Water Act]." Inventory of waters not meeting water quality standards.

Mass. Dept. of Public Health. 2001. "Freshwater Fish Consumption Advisory List, May 2001" [Due to contamination from airborne mercury, no bass from Walden Pond should be consumed by certain vulnerable people.]

Mitchell, John Hanson, editor. 1987. "On Walden Pond" [special issue]. Sanctuary. v. 27 n. 2. (Traditions, overuse, development pressures.)

O'Donoghue, Patrick. 1984. "Forest Type Map: Adams Woods." [Map, Lincoln, Mass.]. 1"= 200'.

Peragallo, Thomas. 1993. "Soils of the Walden Ecosystem." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C, Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press.) p. 254-259.

Richard A. Gardiner and Associates. 1973-4. [Walden Pond restoration study : phases one and two progress reports, December 1973 and January 1974, prepared for the Middlesex County Commissioners, the Walden Pond Restoration Committee.] Available at Henley Library, Thoreau Institute. [Subj: Walden Woods.]

Schofield, Edmund A. 1990. "The Walden Ecosystem" (Working draft of analysis.) 84 pages.

------. 1991. "'Burnt woods': Ecological insights into Thoreau's unhappy encounter with forest fire." Thoreau Research Newsletter, v. 2 (3): 1-8 (July).

------. 1991. "Sand and Water, Fire and Ice: Walden Pond and Walden Woods, Gifts of the Glacier." In: Heaven is Under Our Feet, edited by Don Henley and Dave Marsh (NY: Berkley Books.).

------. 1993. "The Ecology of Walden Woods." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C, Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press.) p. 155-171.

------. 1999-2002. The Bibliography of Walden Woods (in the Towns of Concord and Lincoln, Massachusetts). (By author: Worcester, Mass.) 46 pp. (v. Jan. 21, 2002) A comprehensive resource on the biology, ecology, geology, climate, hydrology, limnology, geography, archaeology, anthropology, and land-use history of Walden Pond and Walden Woods. Available on web at URL below

Smith, Sumner. 1983. "Smiths of Sandy Pond Road." Lincoln MA: Lincoln Historical Society. Description of Flint's Pond (Sandy Pond) since 1800. At Lincoln conservation office.

Springer, Jo. 1981. "Historical land use and land owners of Mt. Misery, Lincoln, Mass." Lincoln Land Conservation Trust. Available at Lincoln conservation office.

Stewart, Melissa. (2002). "A different sort of salamander: unlike most animals, marbled salamanders live life in reverse." Sanctuary, 42 (1, autumn): 16-17. Non-technical description of life cycle of marbled salamander, purportedly in vicinity of Walden Pond.

Thoreau Country Conservation Alliance. 1991. Map. "Walden Woods, Cradle of American Conservation," Walden Woods Project. (Poster showing historic boundaries of Walden Woods.)

Thoreau, Henry D. Walden and Journals (various editions).

US National Park Service. 2001. "Walden Pond and Woods Special Resource Study: Reconnaissance Report (Draft for Public Review, November)." And see Stephen Ells letter of Jan. 12, 2002 to Bruce Aviles, Project Manager, National Park Service with comments on draft study. Summarizes current environmental issues facing pond and woods and supports federal study of federal management umbrella.

US National Park Service. 2002. Walden Pond and Woods, Special Resource Study: Reconnaissance Survey. (Boston: NPS Boston Support office, Sept. 2002) 56 pp. Accepts definition of Walden Woods as "a distinct 2,680-acre ecosystem and cultural landscape, recognized and celebrated by Thoreau, as described by Blanding and Schofield. Its underlying geology permits definition of the Woods with unusual clarity." The study concludes that Walden Woods is of national significance under four natural history themes (landforms of the present, geologic history, land ecosystems, and aquatic ecosystems) and under six historical themes. Thus, it meets criteria for inclusion in the national park system but for lack of support by local governments and for difficulties of land acquisition. For these reasons, no further NPS action is proposed.

W[ ]., R[ ]. 1981. [Pine Hill Conservation Land Forest Type Map]. 1 inch=200 feet.

Walden Keeping Track. 2002 et seq. [Periodic surveys of certain area-sensitive animals which provide a good indication of habitat health. Survey areas include a portion of Walden Woods-Route 2 area.]. Contact Lydia Rogers <lydia-rogers@earthlink.net>. A local affiliate of Keeping Track of Huntington, VT.

Walden Pond State Reservation. (Post-1994.) "Guidelines for Operations and Land Stewardship (GOALS)." MA Dept. of Environmental Management. Includes list of plants in pond perimeter areas. At Lincoln MA town conservation office.

Walker, Eugene H. 1971. "Walden's Way Revealed." In: Man and Nature (Lincoln: Mass. Audubon Society, Dec.) pages 11 to 20. (Hydrology, sources.) . A portion of "Walden's Way Revealed" is at the web-zine Concord Magazine  <www.concordma.com/magazine/july1998/walden.html>.

Winkler, Marjorie Green. 1993. "Changes at Walden Pond During the Last 600 Years: Microfossil Analysis of Walden Pond Sediments." In: Thoreau's World and Ours, ed. by Edmund A. Schofield and Robert C. Baron (Golden CO: N. American Press) p. 199-211.

Wood, Albert E., surveyor. 1895. "Plan of Walden Woods in Concord and Lincoln, Sep. 1895." Survey showing, among other things, boundaries and ownership of Walden Woods; trails from Flint's Pond and Concord to Walden Pond; and William Brewster's ownership of land in Lincoln and Concord at Goose Pond. Original copy at DEM Regional Office, Carlisle. Copy at Henley Library of Thoreau Institute.