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| English Nominative |
Subject (Nominative) |
Possessive (Genitive) |
Object (Accusative) |
Reflexive | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "I am" | "my dog" | "remember me" | "be yourself" | ||
| I | ik | mijn m'n *[me]* |
mij me *[mijn]* |
mezelf me |
hear |
| you (singular) | jij je |
jouw je |
jou je |
jezelf je |
hear |
| he | hij (-ie) |
zijn z'n |
hem ('m) |
zichzelf zich |
hear |
| she | zij ze |
haar (d'r) |
haar (d'r, 'r) |
zichzelf zich |
hear - take 2 |
| it (see note) | het 't |
- | - | - | hear |
| we | wij we |
onze, ons | ons | onszelf ons |
hear |
| you (plural) | jullie | jullie | jullie | jezelf je |
hear |
| they | zij ze *[hun]* |
hun | hen ze (hun) |
zichzelf zich |
hear - take 2 |
| you (formal) | U | Uw | U | zichzelf zich |
hear |
The dative form of 'ze' is 'hun' "Give it to them."
'Jou' and 'jouw' are pronounced exactly the same, both end in a Dutch
W sound; but 'U' and 'Uw' should not sound the same, there is NO Dutch W sound in 'U.'
(...) - acceptable variation
*[...]* - heavy slang
'het' (it) is not used as much as in English; only for the abstract,
like
"'t Is mooi weer"
-hear-
(it's nice weather) or
"Het is tien uur,"
-hear-
(It's ten o'clock.)
"It is said that ..." is best said in Dutch as
"Men zegt dat ..."
- hear
(Dutch 'men' is an occasional 'they'.)
For Dutchmen, 'je' is not completely interchangeable with 'jij' and
'jou(w)',
but it's an almost inexplainable fine point.
Maybe only in the stressed vocative (address) you can't use 'je':
Hé, jij daar! - Hey, you there!
Reflexive Verbs
The reflexive verb always takes the reflexive pronoun
(to defend oneself, I defend myself). The reflexive verb is more common
in Dutch than in English.
More Dutch Verbs
| zich herinneren | to remember | zich verdedigen | to defend oneself | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
ik herinner me jij herinnert je hij herinnert zich zij herinnert zich wij herinneren ons jullie herinneren je zij herinneren zich U herinnert zich hear |
(I remember) (you remember) (he remembers) (she remembers) (we remember) (you remember) (they remember) (you remember) |
ik verdedig me jij verdedigt je hij verdedigt zich zij verdedigt zich wij verdedigen ons jullie verdedigen je zij verdedigen zich U verdedigt zich hear |
(I defend myself) (you defend yourself) (he defends himself) (she defends herself) (we defend ourselves) (you defend yourselves) (they defend themselves) (you defend yourself) |
|||
| zich vergissen | to be mistaken | zich vervelen | to be bored | |||
|
ik vergis me jij vergist je hij vergist zich zij vergist zich wij vergissen ons jullie vergissen je zij vergissen zich U vergist zich hear |
(I am mistaken) (you are mistaken) (he is mistaken) (she is mistaken) (we are mistaken) (you are mistaken) (they are mistaken) (you are mistaken) |
ik verveel me jij verveelt je hij verveelt zich zij verveelt zich wij vervelen ons jullie vervelen je zij vervelen zich U verveelt zich hear |
(I am bored) (you are bored) (he is bored) (she is bored) (we are bored) (you are bored) (they are bored) (you are bored) |
Verveel je je? hear Verveelt U zich? hear |
Are you bored? (informal)
Are you bored? (polite) |
|
| zichzelf zien | to see oneself | |||||
|
ik zie mezelf jij ziet jezelf hij ziet zichzelf zij ziet zichzelf wij zien onszelf jullie zien jezelf zij zien zichzelf U ziet Uzelf / U ziet zichzelf hear |
(I see myself) (you see yourself) (he sees himself) (she sees herself) (we see ourselves) (you see yourselves) (they see themselves) (you see yourself) |
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Marco Schuffelen -
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copyright © 1999-2006 Marco Schuffelen - All rights reserved.
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Don't be a
dief (thief) -
dievegge (female thief) -
diefstal (theft) -
stelen (to steal) -
heler (dealer in stolen goods) -
hear Dutch -
2
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