Law, Order, and Justice for Some

Delegates debated the rights of citizens--even who had a right
to be a citizen. Although the Constitution was a bilingual document,
the rights of the Californios, and most other people of color
in California were severely compromised. California's native people
were accorded no rights at all. Even after the Constitution established
a formal code of laws, disorder and dishonesty reigned. Groups
of citizens in San Francisco organized in Committees of Vigilance
to enforce their own interpretation of law, order, and justice.