(A) Manual Control:
1. Calculate the tank thermal resistance R.
2. Calculate the fluid thermal capacitance C.
3. Include the sketch from step 13 in the procedure.


B) Automatic Control:
1. For R = 6, K_P = 2 and K_I = 2
- Include the temperature-time sketch from step 5 in the procedure.
- What was final value of temperature.
- Which part of the controller provides the voltage to the heater when the temperature reaches its final value.
- Calculate the input energy q_in to the fluid, and the energy loss q_L to the environment when the temperature reaches its final value. Compare the two values. What do you note.
- Did the controller achieve its objective of driving the temperature to its desired value?

2. For R = 6, K_I = 0 and K_P = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (step 7 in the procedure)
- What was the final value of temperature for each value of K_P.
_- Calculate the input energy q_in to the fluid, and the energy loss to the environment when the temperature reaches its final value for each value of K_P. Compare the two values. What do you note.
- Did the controller achieve its objective of driving the temperature to its desired value? Why?

3. For R = 6, K_P = 0 and K_I = 1, 2, 3, 4 (step 8 in the procedure)
- What was the final value of temperature for each value of K_I
- Calculate the input energy q_in to the fluid, and the energy loss q_L to the environment when the temperature reaches its final value for each value of K_I. Compare the two values. What do you note.
- Did the controller achieve its objective of driving the temperature to its desired value? Why?

4. For R = 6, K_I = 2 and K_P = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (step 9 in the procedure)
- Did the final values of voltage and temperature change with K_P. Why?
- What was the effect of changing K_P.

5. For R = 8, K_I = 2 and K_P = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (step 10 in the procedure)
- Compare the final value of voltage and temperature with those from question 4 above. Why are they different?

6. For R = 8, K_P = 0 and K_I = 4 (step 11 in the procedure)
- During the simulation, the voltage went negative sometimes. Did this limit the speed of the controller in driving the temperature to the desired value? Why?