1 /*
   2  * Copyright 1997-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
  20  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
  21  * have any questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 # include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
  26 # include "incls/_systemDictionary.cpp.incl"
  27 
  28 
  29 Dictionary*       SystemDictionary::_dictionary = NULL;
  30 PlaceholderTable* SystemDictionary::_placeholders = NULL;
  31 Dictionary*       SystemDictionary::_shared_dictionary = NULL;
  32 LoaderConstraintTable* SystemDictionary::_loader_constraints = NULL;
  33 ResolutionErrorTable* SystemDictionary::_resolution_errors = NULL;
  34 
  35 
  36 int         SystemDictionary::_number_of_modifications = 0;
  37 
  38 oop         SystemDictionary::_system_loader_lock_obj     =  NULL;
  39 
  40 klassOop    SystemDictionary::_well_known_klasses[SystemDictionary::WKID_LIMIT]
  41                                                           =  { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
  42 
  43 klassOop    SystemDictionary::_box_klasses[T_VOID+1]      =  { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
  44 
  45 oop         SystemDictionary::_java_system_loader         =  NULL;
  46 
  47 bool        SystemDictionary::_has_loadClassInternal      =  false;
  48 bool        SystemDictionary::_has_checkPackageAccess     =  false;
  49 
  50 // lazily initialized klass variables
  51 volatile klassOop    SystemDictionary::_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass = NULL;
  52 
  53 
  54 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  55 // Java-level SystemLoader
  56 
  57 oop SystemDictionary::java_system_loader() {
  58   return _java_system_loader;
  59 }
  60 
  61 void SystemDictionary::compute_java_system_loader(TRAPS) {
  62   KlassHandle system_klass(THREAD, WK_KLASS(classloader_klass));
  63   JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
  64   JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
  65                          KlassHandle(THREAD, WK_KLASS(classloader_klass)),
  66                          vmSymbolHandles::getSystemClassLoader_name(),
  67                          vmSymbolHandles::void_classloader_signature(),
  68                          CHECK);
  69 
  70   _java_system_loader = (oop)result.get_jobject();
  71 }
  72 
  73 
  74 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  75 // debugging
  76 
  77 #ifdef ASSERT
  78 
  79 // return true if class_name contains no '.' (internal format is '/')
  80 bool SystemDictionary::is_internal_format(symbolHandle class_name) {
  81   if (class_name.not_null()) {
  82     ResourceMark rm;
  83     char* name = class_name->as_C_string();
  84     return strchr(name, '.') == NULL;
  85   } else {
  86     return true;
  87   }
  88 }
  89 
  90 #endif
  91 
  92 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  93 // Resolving of classes
  94 
  95 // Forwards to resolve_or_null
  96 
  97 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, bool throw_error, TRAPS) {
  98   klassOop klass = resolve_or_null(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, THREAD);
  99   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION || klass == NULL) {
 100     KlassHandle k_h(THREAD, klass);
 101     // can return a null klass
 102     klass = handle_resolution_exception(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, throw_error, k_h, THREAD);
 103   }
 104   return klass;
 105 }
 106 
 107 klassOop SystemDictionary::handle_resolution_exception(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, bool throw_error, KlassHandle klass_h, TRAPS) {
 108   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 109     // If we have a pending exception we forward it to the caller, unless throw_error is true,
 110     // in which case we have to check whether the pending exception is a ClassNotFoundException,
 111     // and if so convert it to a NoClassDefFoundError
 112     // And chain the original ClassNotFoundException
 113     if (throw_error && PENDING_EXCEPTION->is_a(SystemDictionary::classNotFoundException_klass())) {
 114       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 115       assert(klass_h() == NULL, "Should not have result with exception pending");
 116       Handle e(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 117       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 118       THROW_MSG_CAUSE_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(), class_name->as_C_string(), e);
 119     } else {
 120       return NULL;
 121     }
 122   }
 123   // Class not found, throw appropriate error or exception depending on value of throw_error
 124   if (klass_h() == NULL) {
 125     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 126     if (throw_error) {
 127       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(), class_name->as_C_string());
 128     } else {
 129       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassNotFoundException(), class_name->as_C_string());
 130     }
 131   }
 132   return (klassOop)klass_h();
 133 }
 134 
 135 
 136 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(symbolHandle class_name,
 137                                            bool throw_error, TRAPS)
 138 {
 139   return resolve_or_fail(class_name, Handle(), Handle(), throw_error, THREAD);
 140 }
 141 
 142 
 143 // Forwards to resolve_instance_class_or_null
 144 
 145 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS) {
 146   assert(!THREAD->is_Compiler_thread(), "Can not load classes with the Compiler thread");
 147   if (FieldType::is_array(class_name())) {
 148     return resolve_array_class_or_null(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, CHECK_NULL);
 149   } else {
 150     return resolve_instance_class_or_null(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, CHECK_NULL);
 151   }
 152 }
 153 
 154 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, TRAPS) {
 155   return resolve_or_null(class_name, Handle(), Handle(), THREAD);
 156 }
 157 
 158 // Forwards to resolve_instance_class_or_null
 159 
 160 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_array_class_or_null(symbolHandle class_name,
 161                                                        Handle class_loader,
 162                                                        Handle protection_domain,
 163                                                        TRAPS) {
 164   assert(FieldType::is_array(class_name()), "must be array");
 165   jint dimension;
 166   symbolOop object_key;
 167   klassOop k = NULL;
 168   // dimension and object_key are assigned as a side-effect of this call
 169   BasicType t = FieldType::get_array_info(class_name(),
 170                                           &dimension,
 171                                           &object_key,
 172                                           CHECK_NULL);
 173 
 174   if (t == T_OBJECT) {
 175     symbolHandle h_key(THREAD, object_key);
 176     // naked oop "k" is OK here -- we assign back into it
 177     k = SystemDictionary::resolve_instance_class_or_null(h_key,
 178                                                          class_loader,
 179                                                          protection_domain,
 180                                                          CHECK_NULL);
 181     if (k != NULL) {
 182       k = Klass::cast(k)->array_klass(dimension, CHECK_NULL);
 183     }
 184   } else {
 185     k = Universe::typeArrayKlassObj(t);
 186     k = typeArrayKlass::cast(k)->array_klass(dimension, CHECK_NULL);
 187   }
 188   return k;
 189 }
 190 
 191 
 192 // Must be called for any super-class or super-interface resolution
 193 // during class definition to allow class circularity checking
 194 // super-interface callers:
 195 //    parse_interfaces - for defineClass & jvmtiRedefineClasses
 196 // super-class callers:
 197 //   ClassFileParser - for defineClass & jvmtiRedefineClasses
 198 //   load_shared_class - while loading a class from shared archive
 199 //   resolve_instance_class_or_fail:
 200 //      when resolving a class that has an existing placeholder with
 201 //      a saved superclass [i.e. a defineClass is currently in progress]
 202 //      if another thread is trying to resolve the class, it must do
 203 //      super-class checks on its own thread to catch class circularity
 204 // This last call is critical in class circularity checking for cases
 205 // where classloading is delegated to different threads and the
 206 // classloader lock is released.
 207 // Take the case: Base->Super->Base
 208 //   1. If thread T1 tries to do a defineClass of class Base
 209 //    resolve_super_or_fail creates placeholder: T1, Base (super Super)
 210 //   2. resolve_instance_class_or_null does not find SD or placeholder for Super
 211 //    so it tries to load Super
 212 //   3. If we load the class internally, or user classloader uses same thread
 213 //      loadClassFromxxx or defineClass via parseClassFile Super ...
 214 //      3.1 resolve_super_or_fail creates placeholder: T1, Super (super Base)
 215 //      3.3 resolve_instance_class_or_null Base, finds placeholder for Base
 216 //      3.4 calls resolve_super_or_fail Base
 217 //      3.5 finds T1,Base -> throws class circularity
 218 //OR 4. If T2 tries to resolve Super via defineClass Super ...
 219 //      4.1 resolve_super_or_fail creates placeholder: T2, Super (super Base)
 220 //      4.2 resolve_instance_class_or_null Base, finds placeholder for Base (super Super)
 221 //      4.3 calls resolve_super_or_fail Super in parallel on own thread T2
 222 //      4.4 finds T2, Super -> throws class circularity
 223 // Must be called, even if superclass is null, since this is
 224 // where the placeholder entry is created which claims this
 225 // thread is loading this class/classloader.
 226 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_super_or_fail(symbolHandle child_name,
 227                                                  symbolHandle class_name,
 228                                                  Handle class_loader,
 229                                                  Handle protection_domain,
 230                                                  bool is_superclass,
 231                                                  TRAPS) {
 232 
 233   // Try to get one of the well-known klasses.
 234   // They are trusted, and do not participate in circularities.
 235   { klassOop k = find_well_known_klass(class_name());
 236     if (k != NULL) {
 237       return k;
 238     }
 239   }
 240 
 241   // Double-check, if child class is already loaded, just return super-class,interface
 242   // Don't add a placedholder if already loaded, i.e. already in system dictionary
 243   // Make sure there's a placeholder for the *child* before resolving.
 244   // Used as a claim that this thread is currently loading superclass/classloader
 245   // Used here for ClassCircularity checks and also for heap verification
 246   // (every instanceKlass in the heap needs to be in the system dictionary
 247   // or have a placeholder).
 248   // Must check ClassCircularity before checking if super class is already loaded
 249   //
 250   // We might not already have a placeholder if this child_name was
 251   // first seen via resolve_from_stream (jni_DefineClass or JVM_DefineClass);
 252   // the name of the class might not be known until the stream is actually
 253   // parsed.
 254   // Bugs 4643874, 4715493
 255   // compute_hash can have a safepoint
 256 
 257   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(child_name, class_loader);
 258   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
 259   unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(child_name, class_loader);
 260   int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
 261   // can't throw error holding a lock
 262   bool child_already_loaded = false;
 263   bool throw_circularity_error = false;
 264   {
 265     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 266     klassOop childk = find_class(d_index, d_hash, child_name, class_loader);
 267     klassOop quicksuperk;
 268     // to support // loading: if child done loading, just return superclass
 269     // if class_name, & class_loader don't match:
 270     // if initial define, SD update will give LinkageError
 271     // if redefine: compare_class_versions will give HIERARCHY_CHANGED
 272     // so we don't throw an exception here.
 273     // see: nsk redefclass014 & java.lang.instrument Instrument032
 274     if ((childk != NULL ) && (is_superclass) &&
 275        ((quicksuperk = instanceKlass::cast(childk)->super()) != NULL) &&
 276 
 277          ((Klass::cast(quicksuperk)->name() == class_name()) &&
 278             (Klass::cast(quicksuperk)->class_loader()  == class_loader()))) {
 279            return quicksuperk;
 280     } else {
 281       PlaceholderEntry* probe = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, child_name, class_loader);
 282       if (probe && probe->check_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_SUPER)) {
 283           throw_circularity_error = true;
 284       }
 285 
 286       // add placeholder entry even if error - callers will remove on error
 287       PlaceholderEntry* newprobe = placeholders()->find_and_add(p_index, p_hash, child_name, class_loader, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_SUPER, class_name, THREAD);
 288       if (throw_circularity_error) {
 289          newprobe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_SUPER);
 290       }
 291     }
 292   }
 293   if (throw_circularity_error) {
 294       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 295       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCircularityError(), child_name->as_C_string());
 296   }
 297 
 298 // java.lang.Object should have been found above
 299   assert(class_name() != NULL, "null super class for resolving");
 300   // Resolve the super class or interface, check results on return
 301   klassOop superk = NULL;
 302   superk = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(class_name,
 303                                                  class_loader,
 304                                                  protection_domain,
 305                                                  THREAD);
 306 
 307   KlassHandle superk_h(THREAD, superk);
 308 
 309   // Note: clean up of placeholders currently in callers of
 310   // resolve_super_or_fail - either at update_dictionary time
 311   // or on error
 312   {
 313   MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 314    PlaceholderEntry* probe = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, child_name, class_loader);
 315    if (probe != NULL) {
 316       probe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_SUPER);
 317    }
 318   }
 319   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION || superk_h() == NULL) {
 320     // can null superk
 321     superk_h = KlassHandle(THREAD, handle_resolution_exception(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, true, superk_h, THREAD));
 322   }
 323 
 324   return superk_h();
 325 }
 326 
 327 
 328 void SystemDictionary::validate_protection_domain(instanceKlassHandle klass,
 329                                                   Handle class_loader,
 330                                                   Handle protection_domain,
 331                                                   TRAPS) {
 332   if(!has_checkPackageAccess()) return;
 333 
 334   // Now we have to call back to java to check if the initating class has access
 335   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
 336   if (TraceProtectionDomainVerification) {
 337     // Print out trace information
 338     tty->print_cr("Checking package access");
 339     tty->print(" - class loader:      "); class_loader()->print_value_on(tty);      tty->cr();
 340     tty->print(" - protection domain: "); protection_domain()->print_value_on(tty); tty->cr();
 341     tty->print(" - loading:           "); klass()->print_value_on(tty);             tty->cr();
 342   }
 343 
 344   assert(class_loader() != NULL, "should not have non-null protection domain for null classloader");
 345 
 346   KlassHandle system_loader(THREAD, SystemDictionary::classloader_klass());
 347   JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
 348                          class_loader,
 349                          system_loader,
 350                          vmSymbolHandles::checkPackageAccess_name(),
 351                          vmSymbolHandles::class_protectiondomain_signature(),
 352                          Handle(THREAD, klass->java_mirror()),
 353                          protection_domain,
 354                          THREAD);
 355 
 356   if (TraceProtectionDomainVerification) {
 357     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 358       tty->print_cr(" -> DENIED !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!");
 359     } else {
 360      tty->print_cr(" -> granted");
 361     }
 362     tty->cr();
 363   }
 364 
 365   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) return;
 366 
 367   // If no exception has been thrown, we have validated the protection domain
 368   // Insert the protection domain of the initiating class into the set.
 369   {
 370     // We recalculate the entry here -- we've called out to java since
 371     // the last time it was calculated.
 372     symbolHandle kn(THREAD, klass->name());
 373     unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(kn, class_loader);
 374     int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
 375 
 376     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 377     {
 378       // Note that we have an entry, and entries can be deleted only during GC,
 379       // so we cannot allow GC to occur while we're holding this entry.
 380 
 381       // We're using a No_Safepoint_Verifier to catch any place where we
 382       // might potentially do a GC at all.
 383       // SystemDictionary::do_unloading() asserts that classes are only
 384       // unloaded at a safepoint.
 385       No_Safepoint_Verifier nosafepoint;
 386       dictionary()->add_protection_domain(d_index, d_hash, klass, class_loader,
 387                                           protection_domain, THREAD);
 388     }
 389   }
 390 }
 391 
 392 // We only get here if this thread finds that another thread
 393 // has already claimed the placeholder token for the current operation,
 394 // but that other thread either never owned or gave up the
 395 // object lock
 396 // Waits on SystemDictionary_lock to indicate placeholder table updated
 397 // On return, caller must recheck placeholder table state
 398 //
 399 // We only get here if
 400 //  1) custom classLoader, i.e. not bootstrap classloader
 401 //  2) UnsyncloadClass not set
 402 //  3) custom classLoader has broken the class loader objectLock
 403 //     so another thread got here in parallel
 404 //
 405 // lockObject must be held.
 406 // Complicated dance due to lock ordering:
 407 // Must first release the classloader object lock to
 408 // allow initial definer to complete the class definition
 409 // and to avoid deadlock
 410 // Reclaim classloader lock object with same original recursion count
 411 // Must release SystemDictionary_lock after notify, since
 412 // class loader lock must be claimed before SystemDictionary_lock
 413 // to prevent deadlocks
 414 //
 415 // The notify allows applications that did an untimed wait() on
 416 // the classloader object lock to not hang.
 417 void SystemDictionary::double_lock_wait(Handle lockObject, TRAPS) {
 418   assert_lock_strong(SystemDictionary_lock);
 419 
 420   bool calledholdinglock
 421       = ObjectSynchronizer::current_thread_holds_lock((JavaThread*)THREAD, lockObject);
 422   assert(calledholdinglock,"must hold lock for notify");
 423   assert(!UnsyncloadClass, "unexpected double_lock_wait");
 424   ObjectSynchronizer::notifyall(lockObject, THREAD);
 425   intptr_t recursions =  ObjectSynchronizer::complete_exit(lockObject, THREAD);
 426   SystemDictionary_lock->wait();
 427   SystemDictionary_lock->unlock();
 428   ObjectSynchronizer::reenter(lockObject, recursions, THREAD);
 429   SystemDictionary_lock->lock();
 430 }
 431 
 432 // If the class in is in the placeholder table, class loading is in progress
 433 // For cases where the application changes threads to load classes, it
 434 // is critical to ClassCircularity detection that we try loading
 435 // the superclass on the same thread internally, so we do parallel
 436 // super class loading here.
 437 // This also is critical in cases where the original thread gets stalled
 438 // even in non-circularity situations.
 439 // Note: only one thread can define the class, but multiple can resolve
 440 // Note: must call resolve_super_or_fail even if null super -
 441 // to force placeholder entry creation for this class
 442 // Caller must check for pending exception
 443 // Returns non-null klassOop if other thread has completed load
 444 // and we are done,
 445 // If return null klassOop and no pending exception, the caller must load the class
 446 instanceKlassHandle SystemDictionary::handle_parallel_super_load(
 447     symbolHandle name, symbolHandle superclassname, Handle class_loader,
 448     Handle protection_domain, Handle lockObject, TRAPS) {
 449 
 450   instanceKlassHandle nh = instanceKlassHandle(); // null Handle
 451   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(name, class_loader);
 452   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
 453   unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(name, class_loader);
 454   int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
 455 
 456   // superk is not used, resolve_super called for circularity check only
 457   // This code is reached in two situations. One if this thread
 458   // is loading the same class twice (e.g. ClassCircularity, or
 459   // java.lang.instrument).
 460   // The second is if another thread started the resolve_super first
 461   // and has not yet finished.
 462   // In both cases the original caller will clean up the placeholder
 463   // entry on error.
 464   klassOop superk = SystemDictionary::resolve_super_or_fail(name,
 465                                                           superclassname,
 466                                                           class_loader,
 467                                                           protection_domain,
 468                                                           true,
 469                                                           CHECK_(nh));
 470   // We don't redefine the class, so we just need to clean up if there
 471   // was not an error (don't want to modify any system dictionary
 472   // data structures).
 473   {
 474     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 475     placeholders()->find_and_remove(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader, THREAD);
 476     SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
 477   }
 478 
 479   // UnsyncloadClass does NOT wait for parallel superclass loads to complete
 480   // Bootstrap classloader does wait for parallel superclass loads
 481  if (UnsyncloadClass) {
 482     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 483     // Check if classloading completed while we were loading superclass or waiting
 484     klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
 485     if (check != NULL) {
 486       // Klass is already loaded, so just return it
 487       return(instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check));
 488     } else {
 489       return nh;
 490     }
 491   }
 492 
 493   // must loop to both handle other placeholder updates
 494   // and spurious notifications
 495   bool super_load_in_progress = true;
 496   PlaceholderEntry* placeholder;
 497   while (super_load_in_progress) {
 498     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 499     // Check if classloading completed while we were loading superclass or waiting
 500     klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
 501     if (check != NULL) {
 502       // Klass is already loaded, so just return it
 503       return(instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check));
 504     } else {
 505       placeholder = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
 506       if (placeholder && placeholder->super_load_in_progress() ){
 507         // Before UnsyncloadClass:
 508         // We only get here if the application has released the
 509         // classloader lock when another thread was in the middle of loading a
 510         // superclass/superinterface for this class, and now
 511         // this thread is also trying to load this class.
 512         // To minimize surprises, the first thread that started to
 513         // load a class should be the one to complete the loading
 514         // with the classfile it initially expected.
 515         // This logic has the current thread wait once it has done
 516         // all the superclass/superinterface loading it can, until
 517         // the original thread completes the class loading or fails
 518         // If it completes we will use the resulting instanceKlass
 519         // which we will find below in the systemDictionary.
 520         // We also get here for parallel bootstrap classloader
 521         if (class_loader.is_null()) {
 522           SystemDictionary_lock->wait();
 523         } else {
 524           double_lock_wait(lockObject, THREAD);
 525         }
 526       } else {
 527         // If not in SD and not in PH, other thread's load must have failed
 528         super_load_in_progress = false;
 529       }
 530     }
 531   }
 532   return (nh);
 533 }
 534 
 535 
 536 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_instance_class_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS) {
 537   assert(class_name.not_null() && !FieldType::is_array(class_name()), "invalid class name");
 538   // First check to see if we should remove wrapping L and ;
 539   symbolHandle name;
 540   if (FieldType::is_obj(class_name())) {
 541     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 542     // Ignore wrapping L and ;.
 543     name = oopFactory::new_symbol_handle(class_name()->as_C_string() + 1, class_name()->utf8_length() - 2, CHECK_NULL);
 544   } else {
 545     name = class_name;
 546   }
 547 
 548   // UseNewReflection
 549   // Fix for 4474172; see evaluation for more details
 550   class_loader = Handle(THREAD, java_lang_ClassLoader::non_reflection_class_loader(class_loader()));
 551 
 552   // Do lookup to see if class already exist and the protection domain
 553   // has the right access
 554   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(name, class_loader);
 555   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
 556   klassOop probe = dictionary()->find(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader,
 557                                       protection_domain, THREAD);
 558   if (probe != NULL) return probe;
 559 
 560 
 561   // Non-bootstrap class loaders will call out to class loader and
 562   // define via jvm/jni_DefineClass which will acquire the
 563   // class loader object lock to protect against multiple threads
 564   // defining the class in parallel by accident.
 565   // This lock must be acquired here so the waiter will find
 566   // any successful result in the SystemDictionary and not attempt
 567   // the define
 568   // Classloaders that support parallelism, e.g. bootstrap classloader,
 569   // or all classloaders with UnsyncloadClass do not acquire lock here
 570   bool DoObjectLock = true;
 571   if (UnsyncloadClass || (class_loader.is_null())) {
 572     DoObjectLock = false;
 573   }
 574 
 575   unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(name, class_loader);
 576   int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
 577 
 578   // Class is not in SystemDictionary so we have to do loading.
 579   // Make sure we are synchronized on the class loader before we proceed
 580   Handle lockObject = compute_loader_lock_object(class_loader, THREAD);
 581   check_loader_lock_contention(lockObject, THREAD);
 582   ObjectLocker ol(lockObject, THREAD, DoObjectLock);
 583 
 584   // Check again (after locking) if class already exist in SystemDictionary
 585   bool class_has_been_loaded   = false;
 586   bool super_load_in_progress  = false;
 587   bool havesupername = false;
 588   instanceKlassHandle k;
 589   PlaceholderEntry* placeholder;
 590   symbolHandle superclassname;
 591 
 592   {
 593     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 594     klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
 595     if (check != NULL) {
 596       // Klass is already loaded, so just return it
 597       class_has_been_loaded = true;
 598       k = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check);
 599     } else {
 600       placeholder = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
 601       if (placeholder && placeholder->super_load_in_progress()) {
 602          super_load_in_progress = true;
 603          if (placeholder->havesupername() == true) {
 604            superclassname = symbolHandle(THREAD, placeholder->supername());
 605            havesupername = true;
 606          }
 607       }
 608     }
 609   }
 610 
 611   // If the class in is in the placeholder table, class loading is in progress
 612   if (super_load_in_progress && havesupername==true) {
 613     k = SystemDictionary::handle_parallel_super_load(name, superclassname,
 614         class_loader, protection_domain, lockObject, THREAD);
 615     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 616       return NULL;
 617     }
 618     if (!k.is_null()) {
 619       class_has_been_loaded = true;
 620     }
 621   }
 622 
 623   if (!class_has_been_loaded) {
 624 
 625     // add placeholder entry to record loading instance class
 626     // Five cases:
 627     // All cases need to prevent modifying bootclasssearchpath
 628     // in parallel with a classload of same classname
 629     // case 1. traditional classloaders that rely on the classloader object lock
 630     //   - no other need for LOAD_INSTANCE
 631     // case 2. traditional classloaders that break the classloader object lock
 632     //    as a deadlock workaround. Detection of this case requires that
 633     //    this check is done while holding the classloader object lock,
 634     //    and that lock is still held when calling classloader's loadClass.
 635     //    For these classloaders, we ensure that the first requestor
 636     //    completes the load and other requestors wait for completion.
 637     // case 3. UnsyncloadClass - don't use objectLocker
 638     //    With this flag, we allow parallel classloading of a
 639     //    class/classloader pair
 640     // case4. Bootstrap classloader - don't own objectLocker
 641     //    This classloader supports parallelism at the classloader level,
 642     //    but only allows a single load of a class/classloader pair.
 643     //    No performance benefit and no deadlock issues.
 644     // case 5. Future: parallel user level classloaders - without objectLocker
 645     symbolHandle nullsymbolHandle;
 646     bool throw_circularity_error = false;
 647     {
 648       MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 649       if (!UnsyncloadClass) {
 650         PlaceholderEntry* oldprobe = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
 651         if (oldprobe) {
 652           // only need check_seen_thread once, not on each loop
 653           // 6341374 java/lang/Instrument with -Xcomp
 654           if (oldprobe->check_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_INSTANCE)) {
 655             throw_circularity_error = true;
 656           } else {
 657             // case 1: traditional: should never see load_in_progress.
 658             while (!class_has_been_loaded && oldprobe && oldprobe->instance_load_in_progress()) {
 659 
 660               // case 4: bootstrap classloader: prevent futile classloading,
 661               // wait on first requestor
 662               if (class_loader.is_null()) {
 663                 SystemDictionary_lock->wait();
 664               } else {
 665               // case 2: traditional with broken classloader lock. wait on first
 666               // requestor.
 667                 double_lock_wait(lockObject, THREAD);
 668               }
 669               // Check if classloading completed while we were waiting
 670               klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
 671               if (check != NULL) {
 672                 // Klass is already loaded, so just return it
 673                 k = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check);
 674                 class_has_been_loaded = true;
 675               }
 676               // check if other thread failed to load and cleaned up
 677               oldprobe = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
 678             }
 679           }
 680         }
 681       }
 682       // All cases: add LOAD_INSTANCE
 683       // case 3: UnsyncloadClass: allow competing threads to try
 684       // LOAD_INSTANCE in parallel
 685       // add placeholder entry even if error - callers will remove on error
 686       if (!class_has_been_loaded) {
 687         PlaceholderEntry* newprobe = placeholders()->find_and_add(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_INSTANCE, nullsymbolHandle, THREAD);
 688         if (throw_circularity_error) {
 689           newprobe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_INSTANCE);
 690         }
 691         // For class loaders that do not acquire the classloader object lock,
 692         // if they did not catch another thread holding LOAD_INSTANCE,
 693         // need a check analogous to the acquire ObjectLocker/find_class
 694         // i.e. now that we hold the LOAD_INSTANCE token on loading this class/CL
 695         // one final check if the load has already completed
 696         klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
 697         if (check != NULL) {
 698         // Klass is already loaded, so just return it
 699           k = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check);
 700           class_has_been_loaded = true;
 701           newprobe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_INSTANCE);
 702         }
 703       }
 704     }
 705     // must throw error outside of owning lock
 706     if (throw_circularity_error) {
 707       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 708       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCircularityError(), name->as_C_string());
 709     }
 710 
 711     if (!class_has_been_loaded) {
 712 
 713       // Do actual loading
 714       k = load_instance_class(name, class_loader, THREAD);
 715 
 716       // In custom class loaders, the usual findClass calls
 717       // findLoadedClass, which directly searches  the SystemDictionary, then
 718       // defineClass. If these are not atomic with respect to other threads,
 719       // the findLoadedClass can fail, but the defineClass can get a
 720       // LinkageError:: duplicate class definition.
 721       // If they got a linkageError, check if a parallel class load succeeded.
 722       // If it did, then for bytecode resolution the specification requires
 723       // that we return the same result we did for the other thread, i.e. the
 724       // successfully loaded instanceKlass
 725       // Note: Class can not be unloaded as long as any classloader refs exist
 726       // Should not get here for classloaders that support parallelism
 727       // with the new cleaner mechanism, e.g. bootstrap classloader
 728       if (UnsyncloadClass || (class_loader.is_null())) {
 729         if (k.is_null() && HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION
 730           && PENDING_EXCEPTION->is_a(SystemDictionary::linkageError_klass())) {
 731           MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 732           klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
 733           if (check != NULL) {
 734             // Klass is already loaded, so just use it
 735             k = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check);
 736             CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 737             guarantee((!class_loader.is_null()), "dup definition for bootstrap loader?");
 738           }
 739         }
 740       }
 741 
 742       // clean up placeholder entries for success or error
 743       // This cleans up LOAD_INSTANCE entries
 744       // It also cleans up LOAD_SUPER entries on errors from
 745       // calling load_instance_class
 746       {
 747         MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 748         PlaceholderEntry* probe = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
 749         if (probe != NULL) {
 750           probe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::LOAD_INSTANCE);
 751           placeholders()->find_and_remove(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader, THREAD);
 752           SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
 753         }
 754       }
 755 
 756       // If everything was OK (no exceptions, no null return value), and
 757       // class_loader is NOT the defining loader, do a little more bookkeeping.
 758       if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && !k.is_null() &&
 759         k->class_loader() != class_loader()) {
 760 
 761         check_constraints(d_index, d_hash, k, class_loader, false, THREAD);
 762 
 763         // Need to check for a PENDING_EXCEPTION again; check_constraints
 764         // can throw and doesn't use the CHECK macro.
 765         if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 766           { // Grabbing the Compile_lock prevents systemDictionary updates
 767             // during compilations.
 768             MutexLocker mu(Compile_lock, THREAD);
 769             update_dictionary(d_index, d_hash, p_index, p_hash,
 770                             k, class_loader, THREAD);
 771           }
 772           if (JvmtiExport::should_post_class_load()) {
 773             Thread *thread = THREAD;
 774             assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "thread->is_Java_thread()");
 775             JvmtiExport::post_class_load((JavaThread *) thread, k());
 776           }
 777         }
 778       }
 779       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION || k.is_null()) {
 780         // On error, clean up placeholders
 781         {
 782           MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 783           placeholders()->find_and_remove(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader, THREAD);
 784           SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
 785         }
 786         return NULL;
 787       }
 788     }
 789   }
 790 
 791 #ifdef ASSERT
 792   {
 793     Handle loader (THREAD, k->class_loader());
 794     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 795     oop kk = find_class_or_placeholder(name, loader);
 796     assert(kk == k(), "should be present in dictionary");
 797   }
 798 #endif
 799 
 800   // return if the protection domain in NULL
 801   if (protection_domain() == NULL) return k();
 802 
 803   // Check the protection domain has the right access
 804   {
 805     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 806     // Note that we have an entry, and entries can be deleted only during GC,
 807     // so we cannot allow GC to occur while we're holding this entry.
 808     // We're using a No_Safepoint_Verifier to catch any place where we
 809     // might potentially do a GC at all.
 810     // SystemDictionary::do_unloading() asserts that classes are only
 811     // unloaded at a safepoint.
 812     No_Safepoint_Verifier nosafepoint;
 813     if (dictionary()->is_valid_protection_domain(d_index, d_hash, name,
 814                                                  class_loader,
 815                                                  protection_domain)) {
 816       return k();
 817     }
 818   }
 819 
 820   // Verify protection domain. If it fails an exception is thrown
 821   validate_protection_domain(k, class_loader, protection_domain, CHECK_(klassOop(NULL)));
 822 
 823   return k();
 824 }
 825 
 826 
 827 // This routine does not lock the system dictionary.
 828 //
 829 // Since readers don't hold a lock, we must make sure that system
 830 // dictionary entries are only removed at a safepoint (when only one
 831 // thread is running), and are added to in a safe way (all links must
 832 // be updated in an MT-safe manner).
 833 //
 834 // Callers should be aware that an entry could be added just after
 835 // _dictionary->bucket(index) is read here, so the caller will not see
 836 // the new entry.
 837 
 838 klassOop SystemDictionary::find(symbolHandle class_name,
 839                                 Handle class_loader,
 840                                 Handle protection_domain,
 841                                 TRAPS) {
 842 
 843   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(class_name, class_loader);
 844   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
 845 
 846   {
 847     // Note that we have an entry, and entries can be deleted only during GC,
 848     // so we cannot allow GC to occur while we're holding this entry.
 849     // We're using a No_Safepoint_Verifier to catch any place where we
 850     // might potentially do a GC at all.
 851     // SystemDictionary::do_unloading() asserts that classes are only
 852     // unloaded at a safepoint.
 853     No_Safepoint_Verifier nosafepoint;
 854     return dictionary()->find(d_index, d_hash, class_name, class_loader,
 855                               protection_domain, THREAD);
 856   }
 857 }
 858 
 859 
 860 // Look for a loaded instance or array klass by name.  Do not do any loading.
 861 // return NULL in case of error.
 862 klassOop SystemDictionary::find_instance_or_array_klass(symbolHandle class_name,
 863                                                         Handle class_loader,
 864                                                         Handle protection_domain,
 865                                                         TRAPS) {
 866   klassOop k = NULL;
 867   assert(class_name() != NULL, "class name must be non NULL");
 868 
 869   // Try to get one of the well-known klasses.
 870   k = find_well_known_klass(class_name());
 871   if (k != NULL) {
 872     return k;
 873   }
 874 
 875   if (FieldType::is_array(class_name())) {
 876     // The name refers to an array.  Parse the name.
 877     jint dimension;
 878     symbolOop object_key;
 879 
 880     // dimension and object_key are assigned as a side-effect of this call
 881     BasicType t = FieldType::get_array_info(class_name(), &dimension,
 882                                             &object_key, CHECK_(NULL));
 883     if (t != T_OBJECT) {
 884       k = Universe::typeArrayKlassObj(t);
 885     } else {
 886       symbolHandle h_key(THREAD, object_key);
 887       k = SystemDictionary::find(h_key, class_loader, protection_domain, THREAD);
 888     }
 889     if (k != NULL) {
 890       k = Klass::cast(k)->array_klass_or_null(dimension);
 891     }
 892   } else {
 893     k = find(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, THREAD);
 894   }
 895   return k;
 896 }
 897 
 898 // Quick range check for names of well-known classes:
 899 static symbolOop wk_klass_name_limits[2] = {NULL, NULL};
 900 
 901 #ifndef PRODUCT
 902 static int find_wkk_calls, find_wkk_probes, find_wkk_wins;
 903 // counts for "hello world": 3983, 1616, 1075
 904 //  => 60% hit after limit guard, 25% total win rate
 905 #endif
 906 
 907 klassOop SystemDictionary::find_well_known_klass(symbolOop class_name) {
 908   // A bounds-check on class_name will quickly get a negative result.
 909   NOT_PRODUCT(find_wkk_calls++);
 910   if (class_name >= wk_klass_name_limits[0] &&
 911       class_name <= wk_klass_name_limits[1]) {
 912     NOT_PRODUCT(find_wkk_probes++);
 913     vmSymbols::SID sid = vmSymbols::find_sid(class_name);
 914     if (sid != vmSymbols::NO_SID) {
 915       klassOop k = NULL;
 916       switch (sid) {
 917         #define WK_KLASS_CASE(name, symbol, ignore_option) \
 918         case vmSymbols::VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(symbol): \
 919           k = WK_KLASS(name); break;
 920         WK_KLASSES_DO(WK_KLASS_CASE)
 921         #undef WK_KLASS_CASE
 922       }
 923       NOT_PRODUCT(if (k != NULL)  find_wkk_wins++);
 924       return k;
 925     }
 926   }
 927   return NULL;
 928 }
 929 
 930 // Note: this method is much like resolve_from_stream, but
 931 // updates no supplemental data structures.
 932 // TODO consolidate the two methods with a helper routine?
 933 klassOop SystemDictionary::parse_stream(symbolHandle class_name,
 934                                         Handle class_loader,
 935                                         Handle protection_domain,
 936                                         ClassFileStream* st,
 937                                         KlassHandle host_klass,
 938                                         GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches,
 939                                         TRAPS) {
 940   symbolHandle parsed_name;
 941 
 942   // Parse the stream. Note that we do this even though this klass might
 943   // already be present in the SystemDictionary, otherwise we would not
 944   // throw potential ClassFormatErrors.
 945   //
 946   // Note: "name" is updated.
 947   // Further note:  a placeholder will be added for this class when
 948   //   super classes are loaded (resolve_super_or_fail). We expect this
 949   //   to be called for all classes but java.lang.Object; and we preload
 950   //   java.lang.Object through resolve_or_fail, not this path.
 951 
 952   instanceKlassHandle k = ClassFileParser(st).parseClassFile(class_name,
 953                                                              class_loader,
 954                                                              protection_domain,
 955                                                              cp_patches,
 956                                                              parsed_name,
 957                                                              THREAD);
 958 
 959   // We don't redefine the class, so we just need to clean up whether there
 960   // was an error or not (don't want to modify any system dictionary
 961   // data structures).
 962   // Parsed name could be null if we threw an error before we got far
 963   // enough along to parse it -- in that case, there is nothing to clean up.
 964   if (!parsed_name.is_null()) {
 965     unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(parsed_name,
 966                                                        class_loader);
 967     int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
 968     {
 969     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
 970     placeholders()->find_and_remove(p_index, p_hash, parsed_name, class_loader, THREAD);
 971     SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
 972     }
 973   }
 974 
 975   if (host_klass.not_null() && k.not_null()) {
 976     // If it's anonymous, initialize it now, since nobody else will.
 977     k->set_host_klass(host_klass());
 978 
 979     {
 980       MutexLocker mu_r(Compile_lock, THREAD);
 981 
 982       // Add to class hierarchy, initialize vtables, and do possible
 983       // deoptimizations.
 984       add_to_hierarchy(k, CHECK_NULL); // No exception, but can block
 985 
 986       // But, do not add to system dictionary.
 987     }
 988 
 989     k->eager_initialize(THREAD);
 990 
 991     // notify jvmti
 992     if (JvmtiExport::should_post_class_load()) {
 993         assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "thread->is_Java_thread()");
 994         JvmtiExport::post_class_load((JavaThread *) THREAD, k());
 995     }
 996   }
 997 
 998   return k();
 999 }
1000 
1001 // Add a klass to the system from a stream (called by jni_DefineClass and
1002 // JVM_DefineClass).
1003 // Note: class_name can be NULL. In that case we do not know the name of
1004 // the class until we have parsed the stream.
1005 
1006 klassOop SystemDictionary::resolve_from_stream(symbolHandle class_name,
1007                                                Handle class_loader,
1008                                                Handle protection_domain,
1009                                                ClassFileStream* st,
1010                                                TRAPS) {
1011 
1012   // Make sure we are synchronized on the class loader before we initiate
1013   // loading.
1014   Handle lockObject = compute_loader_lock_object(class_loader, THREAD);
1015   check_loader_lock_contention(lockObject, THREAD);
1016   ObjectLocker ol(lockObject, THREAD);
1017 
1018   symbolHandle parsed_name;
1019 
1020   // Parse the stream. Note that we do this even though this klass might
1021   // already be present in the SystemDictionary, otherwise we would not
1022   // throw potential ClassFormatErrors.
1023   //
1024   // Note: "name" is updated.
1025   // Further note:  a placeholder will be added for this class when
1026   //   super classes are loaded (resolve_super_or_fail). We expect this
1027   //   to be called for all classes but java.lang.Object; and we preload
1028   //   java.lang.Object through resolve_or_fail, not this path.
1029 
1030   instanceKlassHandle k = ClassFileParser(st).parseClassFile(class_name,
1031                                                              class_loader,
1032                                                              protection_domain,
1033                                                              parsed_name,
1034                                                              THREAD);
1035 
1036   const char* pkg = "java/";
1037   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION &&
1038       !class_loader.is_null() &&
1039       !parsed_name.is_null() &&
1040       !strncmp((const char*)parsed_name->bytes(), pkg, strlen(pkg))) {
1041     // It is illegal to define classes in the "java." package from
1042     // JVM_DefineClass or jni_DefineClass unless you're the bootclassloader
1043     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1044     char* name = parsed_name->as_C_string();
1045     char* index = strrchr(name, '/');
1046     *index = '\0'; // chop to just the package name
1047     while ((index = strchr(name, '/')) != NULL) {
1048       *index = '.'; // replace '/' with '.' in package name
1049     }
1050     const char* fmt = "Prohibited package name: %s";
1051     size_t len = strlen(fmt) + strlen(name);
1052     char* message = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
1053     jio_snprintf(message, len, fmt, name);
1054     Exceptions::_throw_msg(THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
1055       vmSymbols::java_lang_SecurityException(), message);
1056   }
1057 
1058   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1059     assert(!parsed_name.is_null(), "Sanity");
1060     assert(class_name.is_null() || class_name() == parsed_name(),
1061            "name mismatch");
1062     // Verification prevents us from creating names with dots in them, this
1063     // asserts that that's the case.
1064     assert(is_internal_format(parsed_name),
1065            "external class name format used internally");
1066 
1067     // Add class just loaded
1068     define_instance_class(k, THREAD);
1069   }
1070 
1071   // If parsing the class file or define_instance_class failed, we
1072   // need to remove the placeholder added on our behalf. But we
1073   // must make sure parsed_name is valid first (it won't be if we had
1074   // a format error before the class was parsed far enough to
1075   // find the name).
1076   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && !parsed_name.is_null()) {
1077     unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(parsed_name,
1078                                                        class_loader);
1079     int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
1080     {
1081     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
1082     placeholders()->find_and_remove(p_index, p_hash, parsed_name, class_loader, THREAD);
1083     SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
1084     }
1085     return NULL;
1086   }
1087 
1088   // Make sure that we didn't leave a place holder in the
1089   // SystemDictionary; this is only done on success
1090   debug_only( {
1091     if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1092       assert(!parsed_name.is_null(), "parsed_name is still null?");
1093       symbolHandle h_name   (THREAD, k->name());
1094       Handle h_loader (THREAD, k->class_loader());
1095 
1096       MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
1097 
1098       oop check = find_class_or_placeholder(parsed_name, class_loader);
1099       assert(check == k(), "should be present in the dictionary");
1100 
1101       oop check2 = find_class_or_placeholder(h_name, h_loader);
1102       assert(check == check2, "name inconsistancy in SystemDictionary");
1103     }
1104   } );
1105 
1106   return k();
1107 }
1108 
1109 
1110 void SystemDictionary::set_shared_dictionary(HashtableBucket* t, int length,
1111                                              int number_of_entries) {
1112   assert(length == _nof_buckets * sizeof(HashtableBucket),
1113          "bad shared dictionary size.");
1114   _shared_dictionary = new Dictionary(_nof_buckets, t, number_of_entries);
1115 }
1116 
1117 
1118 // If there is a shared dictionary, then find the entry for the
1119 // given shared system class, if any.
1120 
1121 klassOop SystemDictionary::find_shared_class(symbolHandle class_name) {
1122   if (shared_dictionary() != NULL) {
1123     unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(class_name, Handle());
1124     int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
1125     return shared_dictionary()->find_shared_class(d_index, d_hash, class_name);
1126   } else {
1127     return NULL;
1128   }
1129 }
1130 
1131 
1132 // Load a class from the shared spaces (found through the shared system
1133 // dictionary).  Force the superclass and all interfaces to be loaded.
1134 // Update the class definition to include sibling classes and no
1135 // subclasses (yet).  [Classes in the shared space are not part of the
1136 // object hierarchy until loaded.]
1137 
1138 instanceKlassHandle SystemDictionary::load_shared_class(
1139                  symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
1140   instanceKlassHandle ik (THREAD, find_shared_class(class_name));
1141   return load_shared_class(ik, class_loader, THREAD);
1142 }
1143 
1144 // Note well!  Changes to this method may affect oop access order
1145 // in the shared archive.  Please take care to not make changes that
1146 // adversely affect cold start time by changing the oop access order
1147 // that is specified in dump.cpp MarkAndMoveOrderedReadOnly and
1148 // MarkAndMoveOrderedReadWrite closures.
1149 instanceKlassHandle SystemDictionary::load_shared_class(
1150                  instanceKlassHandle ik, Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
1151   assert(class_loader.is_null(), "non-null classloader for shared class?");
1152   if (ik.not_null()) {
1153     instanceKlassHandle nh = instanceKlassHandle(); // null Handle
1154     symbolHandle class_name(THREAD, ik->name());
1155 
1156     // Found the class, now load the superclass and interfaces.  If they
1157     // are shared, add them to the main system dictionary and reset
1158     // their hierarchy references (supers, subs, and interfaces).
1159 
1160     if (ik->super() != NULL) {
1161       symbolHandle cn(THREAD, ik->super()->klass_part()->name());
1162       resolve_super_or_fail(class_name, cn,
1163                             class_loader, Handle(), true, CHECK_(nh));
1164     }
1165 
1166     objArrayHandle interfaces (THREAD, ik->local_interfaces());
1167     int num_interfaces = interfaces->length();
1168     for (int index = 0; index < num_interfaces; index++) {
1169       klassOop k = klassOop(interfaces->obj_at(index));
1170 
1171       // Note: can not use instanceKlass::cast here because
1172       // interfaces' instanceKlass's C++ vtbls haven't been
1173       // reinitialized yet (they will be once the interface classes
1174       // are loaded)
1175       symbolHandle name (THREAD, k->klass_part()->name());
1176       resolve_super_or_fail(class_name, name, class_loader, Handle(), false, CHECK_(nh));
1177     }
1178 
1179     // Adjust methods to recover missing data.  They need addresses for
1180     // interpreter entry points and their default native method address
1181     // must be reset.
1182 
1183     // Updating methods must be done under a lock so multiple
1184     // threads don't update these in parallel
1185     // Shared classes are all currently loaded by the bootstrap
1186     // classloader, so this will never cause a deadlock on
1187     // a custom class loader lock.
1188 
1189     {
1190       Handle lockObject = compute_loader_lock_object(class_loader, THREAD);
1191       check_loader_lock_contention(lockObject, THREAD);
1192       ObjectLocker ol(lockObject, THREAD, true);
1193 
1194       objArrayHandle methods (THREAD, ik->methods());
1195       int num_methods = methods->length();
1196       for (int index2 = 0; index2 < num_methods; ++index2) {
1197         methodHandle m(THREAD, methodOop(methods->obj_at(index2)));
1198         m()->link_method(m, CHECK_(nh));
1199       }
1200     }
1201 
1202     if (TraceClassLoading) {
1203       ResourceMark rm;
1204       tty->print("[Loaded %s", ik->external_name());
1205       tty->print(" from shared objects file");
1206       tty->print_cr("]");
1207     }
1208     // notify a class loaded from shared object
1209     ClassLoadingService::notify_class_loaded(instanceKlass::cast(ik()),
1210                                              true /* shared class */);
1211   }
1212   return ik;
1213 }
1214 
1215 #ifdef KERNEL
1216 // Some classes on the bootstrap class path haven't been installed on the
1217 // system yet.  Call the DownloadManager method to make them appear in the
1218 // bootstrap class path and try again to load the named class.
1219 // Note that with delegation class loaders all classes in another loader will
1220 // first try to call this so it'd better be fast!!
1221 static instanceKlassHandle download_and_retry_class_load(
1222                                                     symbolHandle class_name,
1223                                                     TRAPS) {
1224 
1225   klassOop dlm = SystemDictionary::sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass();
1226   instanceKlassHandle nk;
1227 
1228   // If download manager class isn't loaded just return.
1229   if (dlm == NULL) return nk;
1230 
1231   { HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1232     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1233     Handle s = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(class_name, CHECK_(nk));
1234     Handle class_string = java_lang_String::externalize_classname(s, CHECK_(nk));
1235 
1236     // return value
1237     JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
1238 
1239     // Call the DownloadManager.  We assume that it has a lock because
1240     // multiple classes could be not found and downloaded at the same time.
1241     // class sun.misc.DownloadManager;
1242     // public static String getBootClassPathEntryForClass(String className);
1243     JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
1244                        KlassHandle(THREAD, dlm),
1245                        vmSymbolHandles::getBootClassPathEntryForClass_name(),
1246                        vmSymbolHandles::string_string_signature(),
1247                        class_string,
1248                        CHECK_(nk));
1249 
1250     // Get result.string and add to bootclasspath
1251     assert(result.get_type() == T_OBJECT, "just checking");
1252     oop obj = (oop) result.get_jobject();
1253     if (obj == NULL) { return nk; }
1254 
1255     char* new_class_name = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(obj);
1256 
1257     // lock the loader
1258     // we use this lock because JVMTI does.
1259     Handle loader_lock(THREAD, SystemDictionary::system_loader_lock());
1260 
1261     ObjectLocker ol(loader_lock, THREAD);
1262     // add the file to the bootclasspath
1263     ClassLoader::update_class_path_entry_list(new_class_name, true);
1264   } // end HandleMark
1265 
1266   if (TraceClassLoading) {
1267     ClassLoader::print_bootclasspath();
1268   }
1269   return ClassLoader::load_classfile(class_name, CHECK_(nk));
1270 }
1271 #endif // KERNEL
1272 
1273 
1274 instanceKlassHandle SystemDictionary::load_instance_class(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
1275   instanceKlassHandle nh = instanceKlassHandle(); // null Handle
1276   if (class_loader.is_null()) {
1277     // Search the shared system dictionary for classes preloaded into the
1278     // shared spaces.
1279     instanceKlassHandle k;
1280     k = load_shared_class(class_name, class_loader, THREAD);
1281 
1282     if (k.is_null()) {
1283       // Use VM class loader
1284       k = ClassLoader::load_classfile(class_name, CHECK_(nh));
1285     }
1286 
1287 #ifdef KERNEL
1288     // If the VM class loader has failed to load the class, call the
1289     // DownloadManager class to make it magically appear on the classpath
1290     // and try again.  This is only configured with the Kernel VM.
1291     if (k.is_null()) {
1292       k = download_and_retry_class_load(class_name, CHECK_(nh));
1293     }
1294 #endif // KERNEL
1295 
1296     // find_or_define_instance_class may return a different k
1297     if (!k.is_null()) {
1298       k = find_or_define_instance_class(class_name, class_loader, k, CHECK_(nh));
1299     }
1300     return k;
1301   } else {
1302     // Use user specified class loader to load class. Call loadClass operation on class_loader.
1303     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1304 
1305     Handle s = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(class_name, CHECK_(nh));
1306     // Translate to external class name format, i.e., convert '/' chars to '.'
1307     Handle string = java_lang_String::externalize_classname(s, CHECK_(nh));
1308 
1309     JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
1310 
1311     KlassHandle spec_klass (THREAD, SystemDictionary::classloader_klass());
1312 
1313     // UnsyncloadClass option means don't synchronize loadClass() calls.
1314     // loadClassInternal() is synchronized and public loadClass(String) is not.
1315     // This flag is for diagnostic purposes only. It is risky to call
1316     // custom class loaders without synchronization.
1317     // WARNING If a custom class loader does NOT synchronizer findClass, or callers of
1318     // findClass, this flag risks unexpected timing bugs in the field.
1319     // Do NOT assume this will be supported in future releases.
1320     if (!UnsyncloadClass && has_loadClassInternal()) {
1321       JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
1322                               class_loader,
1323                               spec_klass,
1324                               vmSymbolHandles::loadClassInternal_name(),
1325                               vmSymbolHandles::string_class_signature(),
1326                               string,
1327                               CHECK_(nh));
1328     } else {
1329       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
1330                               class_loader,
1331                               spec_klass,
1332                               vmSymbolHandles::loadClass_name(),
1333                               vmSymbolHandles::string_class_signature(),
1334                               string,
1335                               CHECK_(nh));
1336     }
1337 
1338     assert(result.get_type() == T_OBJECT, "just checking");
1339     oop obj = (oop) result.get_jobject();
1340 
1341     // Primitive classes return null since forName() can not be
1342     // used to obtain any of the Class objects representing primitives or void
1343     if ((obj != NULL) && !(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(obj))) {
1344       instanceKlassHandle k =
1345                 instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_klassOop(obj));
1346       // For user defined Java class loaders, check that the name returned is
1347       // the same as that requested.  This check is done for the bootstrap
1348       // loader when parsing the class file.
1349       if (class_name() == k->name()) {
1350         return k;
1351       }
1352     }
1353     // Class is not found or has the wrong name, return NULL
1354     return nh;
1355   }
1356 }
1357 
1358 void SystemDictionary::define_instance_class(instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS) {
1359 
1360   Handle class_loader_h(THREAD, k->class_loader());
1361 
1362   // for bootstrap classloader don't acquire lock
1363   if (!class_loader_h.is_null()) {
1364     assert(ObjectSynchronizer::current_thread_holds_lock((JavaThread*)THREAD,
1365          compute_loader_lock_object(class_loader_h, THREAD)),
1366          "define called without lock");
1367   }
1368 
1369 
1370   // Check class-loading constraints. Throw exception if violation is detected.
1371   // Grabs and releases SystemDictionary_lock
1372   // The check_constraints/find_class call and update_dictionary sequence
1373   // must be "atomic" for a specific class/classloader pair so we never
1374   // define two different instanceKlasses for that class/classloader pair.
1375   // Existing classloaders will call define_instance_class with the
1376   // classloader lock held
1377   // Parallel classloaders will call find_or_define_instance_class
1378   // which will require a token to perform the define class
1379   symbolHandle name_h(THREAD, k->name());
1380   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(name_h, class_loader_h);
1381   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
1382   check_constraints(d_index, d_hash, k, class_loader_h, true, CHECK);
1383 
1384   // Register class just loaded with class loader (placed in Vector)
1385   // Note we do this before updating the dictionary, as this can
1386   // fail with an OutOfMemoryError (if it does, we will *not* put this
1387   // class in the dictionary and will not update the class hierarchy).
1388   if (k->class_loader() != NULL) {
1389     methodHandle m(THREAD, Universe::loader_addClass_method());
1390     JavaValue result(T_VOID);
1391     JavaCallArguments args(class_loader_h);
1392     args.push_oop(Handle(THREAD, k->java_mirror()));
1393     JavaCalls::call(&result, m, &args, CHECK);
1394   }
1395 
1396   // Add the new class. We need recompile lock during update of CHA.
1397   {
1398     unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(name_h, class_loader_h);
1399     int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
1400 
1401     MutexLocker mu_r(Compile_lock, THREAD);
1402 
1403     // Add to class hierarchy, initialize vtables, and do possible
1404     // deoptimizations.
1405     add_to_hierarchy(k, CHECK); // No exception, but can block
1406 
1407     // Add to systemDictionary - so other classes can see it.
1408     // Grabs and releases SystemDictionary_lock
1409     update_dictionary(d_index, d_hash, p_index, p_hash,
1410                       k, class_loader_h, THREAD);
1411   }
1412   k->eager_initialize(THREAD);
1413 
1414   // notify jvmti
1415   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_class_load()) {
1416       assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "thread->is_Java_thread()");
1417       JvmtiExport::post_class_load((JavaThread *) THREAD, k());
1418 
1419   }
1420 }
1421 
1422 // Support parallel classloading
1423 // Initial implementation for bootstrap classloader
1424 // For future:
1425 // For custom class loaders that support parallel classloading,
1426 // in case they do not synchronize around
1427 // FindLoadedClass/DefineClass calls, we check for parallel
1428 // loading for them, wait if a defineClass is in progress
1429 // and return the initial requestor's results
1430 // For better performance, the class loaders should synchronize
1431 // findClass(), i.e. FindLoadedClass/DefineClass or they
1432 // potentially waste time reading and parsing the bytestream.
1433 // Note: VM callers should ensure consistency of k/class_name,class_loader
1434 instanceKlassHandle SystemDictionary::find_or_define_instance_class(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS) {
1435 
1436   instanceKlassHandle nh = instanceKlassHandle(); // null Handle
1437 
1438   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(class_name, class_loader);
1439   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
1440 
1441 // Hold SD lock around find_class and placeholder creation for DEFINE_CLASS
1442   unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(class_name, class_loader);
1443   int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
1444   PlaceholderEntry* probe;
1445 
1446   {
1447     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
1448     // First check if class already defined
1449     klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, class_name, class_loader);
1450     if (check != NULL) {
1451       return(instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, check));
1452     }
1453 
1454     // Acquire define token for this class/classloader
1455     symbolHandle nullsymbolHandle;
1456     probe = placeholders()->find_and_add(p_index, p_hash, class_name, class_loader, PlaceholderTable::DEFINE_CLASS, nullsymbolHandle, THREAD);
1457     // Check if another thread defining in parallel
1458     if (probe->definer() == NULL) {
1459       // Thread will define the class
1460       probe->set_definer(THREAD);
1461     } else {
1462       // Wait for defining thread to finish and return results
1463       while (probe->definer() != NULL) {
1464         SystemDictionary_lock->wait();
1465       }
1466       if (probe->instanceKlass() != NULL) {
1467         probe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::DEFINE_CLASS);
1468         return(instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, probe->instanceKlass()));
1469       } else {
1470         // If definer had an error, try again as any new thread would
1471         probe->set_definer(THREAD);
1472 #ifdef ASSERT
1473         klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, class_name, class_loader);
1474         assert(check == NULL, "definer missed recording success");
1475 #endif
1476       }
1477     }
1478   }
1479 
1480   define_instance_class(k, THREAD);
1481 
1482   Handle linkage_exception = Handle(); // null handle
1483 
1484   // definer must notify any waiting threads
1485   {
1486     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
1487     PlaceholderEntry* probe = placeholders()->get_entry(p_index, p_hash, class_name, class_loader);
1488     assert(probe != NULL, "DEFINE_CLASS placeholder lost?");
1489     if (probe != NULL) {
1490       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1491         linkage_exception = Handle(THREAD,PENDING_EXCEPTION);
1492         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1493       } else {
1494         probe->set_instanceKlass(k());
1495       }
1496       probe->set_definer(NULL);
1497       probe->remove_seen_thread(THREAD, PlaceholderTable::DEFINE_CLASS);
1498       SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
1499     }
1500   }
1501 
1502   // Can't throw exception while holding lock due to rank ordering
1503   if (linkage_exception() != NULL) {
1504     THROW_OOP_(linkage_exception(), nh); // throws exception and returns
1505   }
1506 
1507   return k;
1508 }
1509 
1510 Handle SystemDictionary::compute_loader_lock_object(Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
1511   // If class_loader is NULL we synchronize on _system_loader_lock_obj
1512   if (class_loader.is_null()) {
1513     return Handle(THREAD, _system_loader_lock_obj);
1514   } else {
1515     return class_loader;
1516   }
1517 }
1518 
1519 // This method is added to check how often we have to wait to grab loader
1520 // lock. The results are being recorded in the performance counters defined in
1521 // ClassLoader::_sync_systemLoaderLockContentionRate and
1522 // ClassLoader::_sync_nonSystemLoaderLockConteionRate.
1523 void SystemDictionary::check_loader_lock_contention(Handle loader_lock, TRAPS) {
1524   if (!UsePerfData) {
1525     return;
1526   }
1527 
1528   assert(!loader_lock.is_null(), "NULL lock object");
1529 
1530   if (ObjectSynchronizer::query_lock_ownership((JavaThread*)THREAD, loader_lock)
1531       == ObjectSynchronizer::owner_other) {
1532     // contention will likely happen, so increment the corresponding
1533     // contention counter.
1534     if (loader_lock() == _system_loader_lock_obj) {
1535       ClassLoader::sync_systemLoaderLockContentionRate()->inc();
1536     } else {
1537       ClassLoader::sync_nonSystemLoaderLockContentionRate()->inc();
1538     }
1539   }
1540 }
1541 
1542 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1543 // Lookup
1544 
1545 klassOop SystemDictionary::find_class(int index, unsigned int hash,
1546                                       symbolHandle class_name,
1547                                       Handle class_loader) {
1548   assert_locked_or_safepoint(SystemDictionary_lock);
1549   assert (index == dictionary()->index_for(class_name, class_loader),
1550           "incorrect index?");
1551 
1552   klassOop k = dictionary()->find_class(index, hash, class_name, class_loader);
1553   return k;
1554 }
1555 
1556 
1557 // Basic find on classes in the midst of being loaded
1558 symbolOop SystemDictionary::find_placeholder(int index, unsigned int hash,
1559                                              symbolHandle class_name,
1560                                              Handle class_loader) {
1561   assert_locked_or_safepoint(SystemDictionary_lock);
1562 
1563   return placeholders()->find_entry(index, hash, class_name, class_loader);
1564 }
1565 
1566 
1567 // Used for assertions and verification only
1568 oop SystemDictionary::find_class_or_placeholder(symbolHandle class_name,
1569                                                 Handle class_loader) {
1570   #ifndef ASSERT
1571   guarantee(VerifyBeforeGC   ||
1572             VerifyDuringGC   ||
1573             VerifyBeforeExit ||
1574             VerifyAfterGC, "too expensive");
1575   #endif
1576   assert_locked_or_safepoint(SystemDictionary_lock);
1577   symbolOop class_name_ = class_name();
1578   oop class_loader_ = class_loader();
1579 
1580   // First look in the loaded class array
1581   unsigned int d_hash = dictionary()->compute_hash(class_name, class_loader);
1582   int d_index = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash);
1583   oop lookup = find_class(d_index, d_hash, class_name, class_loader);
1584 
1585   if (lookup == NULL) {
1586     // Next try the placeholders
1587     unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(class_name,class_loader);
1588     int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
1589     lookup = find_placeholder(p_index, p_hash, class_name, class_loader);
1590   }
1591 
1592   return lookup;
1593 }
1594 
1595 
1596 // Get the next class in the diictionary.
1597 klassOop SystemDictionary::try_get_next_class() {
1598   return dictionary()->try_get_next_class();
1599 }
1600 
1601 
1602 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1603 // Update hierachy. This is done before the new klass has been added to the SystemDictionary. The Recompile_lock
1604 // is held, to ensure that the compiler is not using the class hierachy, and that deoptimization will kick in
1605 // before a new class is used.
1606 
1607 void SystemDictionary::add_to_hierarchy(instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS) {
1608   assert(k.not_null(), "just checking");
1609   // Link into hierachy. Make sure the vtables are initialized before linking into
1610   k->append_to_sibling_list();                    // add to superklass/sibling list
1611   k->process_interfaces(THREAD);                  // handle all "implements" declarations
1612   k->set_init_state(instanceKlass::loaded);
1613   // Now flush all code that depended on old class hierarchy.
1614   // Note: must be done *after* linking k into the hierarchy (was bug 12/9/97)
1615   // Also, first reinitialize vtable because it may have gotten out of synch
1616   // while the new class wasn't connected to the class hierarchy.
1617   Universe::flush_dependents_on(k);
1618 }
1619 
1620 
1621 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1622 // GC support
1623 
1624 // Following roots during mark-sweep is separated in two phases.
1625 //
1626 // The first phase follows preloaded classes and all other system
1627 // classes, since these will never get unloaded anyway.
1628 //
1629 // The second phase removes (unloads) unreachable classes from the
1630 // system dictionary and follows the remaining classes' contents.
1631 
1632 void SystemDictionary::always_strong_oops_do(OopClosure* blk) {
1633   // Follow preloaded classes/mirrors and system loader object
1634   blk->do_oop(&_java_system_loader);
1635   preloaded_oops_do(blk);
1636   always_strong_classes_do(blk);
1637 }
1638 
1639 
1640 void SystemDictionary::always_strong_classes_do(OopClosure* blk) {
1641   // Follow all system classes and temporary placeholders in dictionary
1642   dictionary()->always_strong_classes_do(blk);
1643 
1644   // Placeholders. These are *always* strong roots, as they
1645   // represent classes we're actively loading.
1646   placeholders_do(blk);
1647 
1648   // Loader constraints. We must keep the symbolOop used in the name alive.
1649   constraints()->always_strong_classes_do(blk);
1650 
1651   // Resolution errors keep the symbolOop for the error alive
1652   resolution_errors()->always_strong_classes_do(blk);
1653 }
1654 
1655 
1656 void SystemDictionary::placeholders_do(OopClosure* blk) {
1657   placeholders()->oops_do(blk);
1658 }
1659 
1660 
1661 bool SystemDictionary::do_unloading(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive) {
1662   bool result = dictionary()->do_unloading(is_alive);
1663   constraints()->purge_loader_constraints(is_alive);
1664   resolution_errors()->purge_resolution_errors(is_alive);
1665   return result;
1666 }
1667 
1668 
1669 // The mirrors are scanned by shared_oops_do() which is
1670 // not called by oops_do().  In order to process oops in
1671 // a necessary order, shared_oops_do() is call by
1672 // Universe::oops_do().
1673 void SystemDictionary::oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
1674   // Adjust preloaded classes and system loader object
1675   f->do_oop(&_java_system_loader);
1676   preloaded_oops_do(f);
1677 
1678   lazily_loaded_oops_do(f);
1679 
1680   // Adjust dictionary
1681   dictionary()->oops_do(f);
1682 
1683   // Partially loaded classes
1684   placeholders()->oops_do(f);
1685 
1686   // Adjust constraint table
1687   constraints()->oops_do(f);
1688 
1689   // Adjust resolution error table
1690   resolution_errors()->oops_do(f);
1691 }
1692 
1693 
1694 void SystemDictionary::preloaded_oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
1695   f->do_oop((oop*) &wk_klass_name_limits[0]);
1696   f->do_oop((oop*) &wk_klass_name_limits[1]);
1697 
1698   for (int k = (int)FIRST_WKID; k < (int)WKID_LIMIT; k++) {
1699     f->do_oop((oop*) &_well_known_klasses[k]);
1700   }
1701 
1702   {
1703     for (int i = 0; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
1704       if (_box_klasses[i] != NULL) {
1705         assert(i >= T_BOOLEAN, "checking");
1706         f->do_oop((oop*) &_box_klasses[i]);
1707       }
1708     }
1709   }
1710 
1711   // The basic type mirrors would have already been processed in
1712   // Universe::oops_do(), via a call to shared_oops_do(), so should
1713   // not be processed again.
1714 
1715   f->do_oop((oop*) &_system_loader_lock_obj);
1716   FilteredFieldsMap::klasses_oops_do(f);
1717 }
1718 
1719 void SystemDictionary::lazily_loaded_oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
1720   f->do_oop((oop*) &_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass);
1721 }
1722 
1723 // Just the classes from defining class loaders
1724 // Don't iterate over placeholders
1725 void SystemDictionary::classes_do(void f(klassOop)) {
1726   dictionary()->classes_do(f);
1727 }
1728 
1729 // Added for initialize_itable_for_klass
1730 //   Just the classes from defining class loaders
1731 // Don't iterate over placeholders
1732 void SystemDictionary::classes_do(void f(klassOop, TRAPS), TRAPS) {
1733   dictionary()->classes_do(f, CHECK);
1734 }
1735 
1736 //   All classes, and their class loaders
1737 // Don't iterate over placeholders
1738 void SystemDictionary::classes_do(void f(klassOop, oop)) {
1739   dictionary()->classes_do(f);
1740 }
1741 
1742 //   All classes, and their class loaders
1743 //   (added for helpers that use HandleMarks and ResourceMarks)
1744 // Don't iterate over placeholders
1745 void SystemDictionary::classes_do(void f(klassOop, oop, TRAPS), TRAPS) {
1746   dictionary()->classes_do(f, CHECK);
1747 }
1748 
1749 void SystemDictionary::placeholders_do(void f(symbolOop, oop)) {
1750   placeholders()->entries_do(f);
1751 }
1752 
1753 void SystemDictionary::methods_do(void f(methodOop)) {
1754   dictionary()->methods_do(f);
1755 }
1756 
1757 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1758 // Lazily load klasses
1759 
1760 void SystemDictionary::load_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass(TRAPS) {
1761   assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk16x_version(), "Must be JDK 1.6 or later");
1762 
1763   // if multiple threads calling this function, only one thread will load
1764   // the class.  The other threads will find the loaded version once the
1765   // class is loaded.
1766   klassOop aos = _abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass;
1767   if (aos == NULL) {
1768     klassOop k = resolve_or_fail(vmSymbolHandles::java_util_concurrent_locks_AbstractOwnableSynchronizer(), true, CHECK);
1769     // Force a fence to prevent any read before the write completes
1770     OrderAccess::fence();
1771     _abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass = k;
1772   }
1773 }
1774 
1775 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1776 // Initialization
1777 
1778 void SystemDictionary::initialize(TRAPS) {
1779   // Allocate arrays
1780   assert(dictionary() == NULL,
1781          "SystemDictionary should only be initialized once");
1782   _dictionary = new Dictionary(_nof_buckets);
1783   _placeholders = new PlaceholderTable(_nof_buckets);
1784   _number_of_modifications = 0;
1785   _loader_constraints = new LoaderConstraintTable(_loader_constraint_size);
1786   _resolution_errors = new ResolutionErrorTable(_resolution_error_size);
1787 
1788   // Allocate private object used as system class loader lock
1789   _system_loader_lock_obj = oopFactory::new_system_objArray(0, CHECK);
1790   // Initialize basic classes
1791   initialize_preloaded_classes(CHECK);
1792 }
1793 
1794 // Compact table of directions on the initialization of klasses:
1795 static const short wk_init_info[] = {
1796   #define WK_KLASS_INIT_INFO(name, symbol, option) \
1797     ( ((int)vmSymbols::VM_SYMBOL_ENUM_NAME(symbol) << 1) \
1798       | (SystemDictionary::option < SystemDictionary::Opt ? 0 : 1) ),
1799   WK_KLASSES_DO(WK_KLASS_INIT_INFO)
1800   #undef WK_KLASS_INIT_INFO
1801   0
1802 };
1803 
1804 bool SystemDictionary::initialize_wk_klass(WKID id, bool must_load, TRAPS) {
1805   assert(id >= (int)FIRST_WKID && id < (int)WKID_LIMIT, "oob");
1806   int  info = wk_init_info[id - FIRST_WKID];
1807   int  sid  = (info >> 1);
1808   symbolHandle symbol = vmSymbolHandles::symbol_handle_at((vmSymbols::SID)sid);
1809   klassOop*    klassp = &_well_known_klasses[id];
1810   if ((*klassp) == NULL) {
1811     if (must_load) {
1812       (*klassp) = resolve_or_fail(symbol, true, CHECK_0); // load required class
1813     } else {
1814       (*klassp) = resolve_or_null(symbol,       CHECK_0); // load optional klass
1815     }
1816   }
1817   return ((*klassp) != NULL);
1818 }
1819 
1820 void SystemDictionary::initialize_wk_klasses_until(WKID limit_id, WKID &start_id, TRAPS) {
1821   assert((int)start_id <= (int)limit_id, "IDs are out of order!");
1822   for (int id = (int)start_id; id < (int)limit_id; id++) {
1823     assert(id >= (int)FIRST_WKID && id < (int)WKID_LIMIT, "oob");
1824     int  info = wk_init_info[id - FIRST_WKID];
1825     int  sid  = (info >> 1);
1826     bool opt  = (info & 1);
1827 
1828     initialize_wk_klass((WKID)id, !opt, CHECK);
1829 
1830     // Update limits, so find_well_known_klass can be very fast:
1831     symbolOop s = vmSymbols::symbol_at((vmSymbols::SID)sid);
1832     if (wk_klass_name_limits[1] == NULL) {
1833       wk_klass_name_limits[0] = wk_klass_name_limits[1] = s;
1834     } else if (wk_klass_name_limits[1] < s) {
1835       wk_klass_name_limits[1] = s;
1836     } else if (wk_klass_name_limits[0] > s) {
1837       wk_klass_name_limits[0] = s;
1838     }
1839   }
1840 }
1841 
1842 
1843 void SystemDictionary::initialize_preloaded_classes(TRAPS) {
1844   assert(WK_KLASS(object_klass) == NULL, "preloaded classes should only be initialized once");
1845   // Preload commonly used klasses
1846   WKID scan = FIRST_WKID;
1847   // first do Object, String, Class
1848   initialize_wk_klasses_through(WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(class_klass), scan, CHECK);
1849 
1850   debug_only(instanceKlass::verify_class_klass_nonstatic_oop_maps(WK_KLASS(class_klass)));
1851 
1852   // Fixup mirrors for classes loaded before java.lang.Class.
1853   // These calls iterate over the objects currently in the perm gen
1854   // so calling them at this point is matters (not before when there
1855   // are fewer objects and not later after there are more objects
1856   // in the perm gen.
1857   Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(CHECK);
1858   Universe::fixup_mirrors(CHECK);
1859 
1860   // do a bunch more:
1861   initialize_wk_klasses_through(WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(reference_klass), scan, CHECK);
1862 
1863   // Preload ref klasses and set reference types
1864   instanceKlass::cast(WK_KLASS(reference_klass))->set_reference_type(REF_OTHER);
1865   instanceRefKlass::update_nonstatic_oop_maps(WK_KLASS(reference_klass));
1866 
1867   initialize_wk_klasses_through(WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(phantom_reference_klass), scan, CHECK);
1868   instanceKlass::cast(WK_KLASS(soft_reference_klass))->set_reference_type(REF_SOFT);
1869   instanceKlass::cast(WK_KLASS(weak_reference_klass))->set_reference_type(REF_WEAK);
1870   instanceKlass::cast(WK_KLASS(final_reference_klass))->set_reference_type(REF_FINAL);
1871   instanceKlass::cast(WK_KLASS(phantom_reference_klass))->set_reference_type(REF_PHANTOM);
1872 
1873   initialize_wk_klasses_until(WKID_LIMIT, scan, CHECK);
1874 
1875   _box_klasses[T_BOOLEAN] = WK_KLASS(boolean_klass);
1876   _box_klasses[T_CHAR]    = WK_KLASS(char_klass);
1877   _box_klasses[T_FLOAT]   = WK_KLASS(float_klass);
1878   _box_klasses[T_DOUBLE]  = WK_KLASS(double_klass);
1879   _box_klasses[T_BYTE]    = WK_KLASS(byte_klass);
1880   _box_klasses[T_SHORT]   = WK_KLASS(short_klass);
1881   _box_klasses[T_INT]     = WK_KLASS(int_klass);
1882   _box_klasses[T_LONG]    = WK_KLASS(long_klass);
1883   //_box_klasses[T_OBJECT]  = WK_KLASS(object_klass);
1884   //_box_klasses[T_ARRAY]   = WK_KLASS(object_klass);
1885 
1886 #ifdef KERNEL
1887   _sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass = resolve_or_null(vmSymbolHandles::sun_jkernel_DownloadManager(),     CHECK);
1888   if (_sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass == NULL) {
1889     warning("Cannot find sun/jkernel/DownloadManager");
1890   }
1891 #endif // KERNEL
1892   { // Compute whether we should use loadClass or loadClassInternal when loading classes.
1893     methodOop method = instanceKlass::cast(classloader_klass())->find_method(vmSymbols::loadClassInternal_name(), vmSymbols::string_class_signature());
1894     _has_loadClassInternal = (method != NULL);
1895   }
1896 
1897   { // Compute whether we should use checkPackageAccess or NOT
1898     methodOop method = instanceKlass::cast(classloader_klass())->find_method(vmSymbols::checkPackageAccess_name(), vmSymbols::class_protectiondomain_signature());
1899     _has_checkPackageAccess = (method != NULL);
1900   }
1901 }
1902 
1903 // Tells if a given klass is a box (wrapper class, such as java.lang.Integer).
1904 // If so, returns the basic type it holds.  If not, returns T_OBJECT.
1905 BasicType SystemDictionary::box_klass_type(klassOop k) {
1906   assert(k != NULL, "");
1907   for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
1908     if (_box_klasses[i] == k)
1909       return (BasicType)i;
1910   }
1911   return T_OBJECT;
1912 }
1913 
1914 // Constraints on class loaders. The details of the algorithm can be
1915 // found in the OOPSLA'98 paper "Dynamic Class Loading in the Java
1916 // Virtual Machine" by Sheng Liang and Gilad Bracha.  The basic idea is
1917 // that the system dictionary needs to maintain a set of contraints that
1918 // must be satisfied by all classes in the dictionary.
1919 // if defining is true, then LinkageError if already in systemDictionary
1920 // if initiating loader, then ok if instanceKlass matches existing entry
1921 
1922 void SystemDictionary::check_constraints(int d_index, unsigned int d_hash,
1923                                          instanceKlassHandle k,
1924                                          Handle class_loader, bool defining,
1925                                          TRAPS) {
1926   const char *linkage_error = NULL;
1927   {
1928     symbolHandle name (THREAD, k->name());
1929     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
1930 
1931     klassOop check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
1932     if (check != (klassOop)NULL) {
1933       // if different instanceKlass - duplicate class definition,
1934       // else - ok, class loaded by a different thread in parallel,
1935       // we should only have found it if it was done loading and ok to use
1936       // system dictionary only holds instance classes, placeholders
1937       // also holds array classes
1938 
1939       assert(check->klass_part()->oop_is_instance(), "noninstance in systemdictionary");
1940       if ((defining == true) || (k() != check)) {
1941         linkage_error = "loader (instance of  %s): attempted  duplicate class "
1942           "definition for name: \"%s\"";
1943       } else {
1944         return;
1945       }
1946     }
1947 
1948 #ifdef ASSERT
1949     unsigned int p_hash = placeholders()->compute_hash(name, class_loader);
1950     int p_index = placeholders()->hash_to_index(p_hash);
1951     symbolOop ph_check = find_placeholder(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
1952     assert(ph_check == NULL || ph_check == name(), "invalid symbol");
1953 #endif
1954 
1955     if (linkage_error == NULL) {
1956       if (constraints()->check_or_update(k, class_loader, name) == false) {
1957         linkage_error = "loader constraint violation: loader (instance of %s)"
1958           " previously initiated loading for a different type with name \"%s\"";
1959       }
1960     }
1961   }
1962 
1963   // Throw error now if needed (cannot throw while holding
1964   // SystemDictionary_lock because of rank ordering)
1965 
1966   if (linkage_error) {
1967     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1968     const char* class_loader_name = loader_name(class_loader());
1969     char* type_name = k->name()->as_C_string();
1970     size_t buflen = strlen(linkage_error) + strlen(class_loader_name) +
1971       strlen(type_name);
1972     char* buf = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, buflen);
1973     jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, linkage_error, class_loader_name, type_name);
1974     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), buf);
1975   }
1976 }
1977 
1978 
1979 // Update system dictionary - done after check_constraint and add_to_hierachy
1980 // have been called.
1981 void SystemDictionary::update_dictionary(int d_index, unsigned int d_hash,
1982                                          int p_index, unsigned int p_hash,
1983                                          instanceKlassHandle k,
1984                                          Handle class_loader,
1985                                          TRAPS) {
1986   // Compile_lock prevents systemDictionary updates during compilations
1987   assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1988   symbolHandle name (THREAD, k->name());
1989 
1990   {
1991   MutexLocker mu1(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
1992 
1993   // See whether biased locking is enabled and if so set it for this
1994   // klass.
1995   // Note that this must be done past the last potential blocking
1996   // point / safepoint. We enable biased locking lazily using a
1997   // VM_Operation to iterate the SystemDictionary and installing the
1998   // biasable mark word into each instanceKlass's prototype header.
1999   // To avoid race conditions where we accidentally miss enabling the
2000   // optimization for one class in the process of being added to the
2001   // dictionary, we must not safepoint after the test of
2002   // BiasedLocking::enabled().
2003   if (UseBiasedLocking && BiasedLocking::enabled()) {
2004     // Set biased locking bit for all loaded classes; it will be
2005     // cleared if revocation occurs too often for this type
2006     // NOTE that we must only do this when the class is initally
2007     // defined, not each time it is referenced from a new class loader
2008     if (k->class_loader() == class_loader()) {
2009       k->set_prototype_header(markOopDesc::biased_locking_prototype());
2010     }
2011   }
2012 
2013   // Check for a placeholder. If there, remove it and make a
2014   // new system dictionary entry.
2015   placeholders()->find_and_remove(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader, THREAD);
2016   klassOop sd_check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
2017   if (sd_check == NULL) {
2018     dictionary()->add_klass(name, class_loader, k);
2019     notice_modification();
2020   }
2021 #ifdef ASSERT
2022   sd_check = find_class(d_index, d_hash, name, class_loader);
2023   assert (sd_check != NULL, "should have entry in system dictionary");
2024 // Changed to allow PH to remain to complete class circularity checking
2025 // while only one thread can define a class at one time, multiple
2026 // classes can resolve the superclass for a class at one time,
2027 // and the placeholder is used to track that
2028 //  symbolOop ph_check = find_placeholder(p_index, p_hash, name, class_loader);
2029 //  assert (ph_check == NULL, "should not have a placeholder entry");
2030 #endif
2031     SystemDictionary_lock->notify_all();
2032   }
2033 }
2034 
2035 
2036 klassOop SystemDictionary::find_constrained_instance_or_array_klass(
2037                     symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
2038 
2039   // First see if it has been loaded directly.
2040   // Force the protection domain to be null.  (This removes protection checks.)
2041   Handle no_protection_domain;
2042   klassOop klass = find_instance_or_array_klass(class_name, class_loader,
2043                                                 no_protection_domain, CHECK_NULL);
2044   if (klass != NULL)
2045     return klass;
2046 
2047   // Now look to see if it has been loaded elsewhere, and is subject to
2048   // a loader constraint that would require this loader to return the
2049   // klass that is already loaded.
2050   if (FieldType::is_array(class_name())) {
2051     // Array classes are hard because their klassOops are not kept in the
2052     // constraint table. The array klass may be constrained, but the elem class
2053     // may not be.
2054     jint dimension;
2055     symbolOop object_key;
2056     BasicType t = FieldType::get_array_info(class_name(), &dimension,
2057                                             &object_key, CHECK_(NULL));
2058     if (t != T_OBJECT) {
2059       klass = Universe::typeArrayKlassObj(t);
2060     } else {
2061       symbolHandle elem_name(THREAD, object_key);
2062       MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
2063       klass = constraints()->find_constrained_elem_klass(class_name, elem_name, class_loader, THREAD);
2064     }
2065     if (klass != NULL) {
2066       klass = Klass::cast(klass)->array_klass_or_null(dimension);
2067     }
2068   } else {
2069     MutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
2070     // Non-array classes are easy: simply check the constraint table.
2071     klass = constraints()->find_constrained_klass(class_name, class_loader);
2072   }
2073 
2074   return klass;
2075 }
2076 
2077 
2078 bool SystemDictionary::add_loader_constraint(symbolHandle class_name,
2079                                              Handle class_loader1,
2080                                              Handle class_loader2,
2081                                              Thread* THREAD) {
2082   unsigned int d_hash1 = dictionary()->compute_hash(class_name, class_loader1);
2083   int d_index1 = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash1);
2084 
2085   unsigned int d_hash2 = dictionary()->compute_hash(class_name, class_loader2);
2086   int d_index2 = dictionary()->hash_to_index(d_hash2);
2087 
2088   {
2089     MutexLocker mu_s(SystemDictionary_lock, THREAD);
2090 
2091     // Better never do a GC while we're holding these oops
2092     No_Safepoint_Verifier nosafepoint;
2093 
2094     klassOop klass1 = find_class(d_index1, d_hash1, class_name, class_loader1);
2095     klassOop klass2 = find_class(d_index2, d_hash2, class_name, class_loader2);
2096     return constraints()->add_entry(class_name, klass1, class_loader1,
2097                                     klass2, class_loader2);
2098   }
2099 }
2100 
2101 // Add entry to resolution error table to record the error when the first
2102 // attempt to resolve a reference to a class has failed.
2103 void SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(constantPoolHandle pool, int which, symbolHandle error) {
2104   unsigned int hash = resolution_errors()->compute_hash(pool, which);
2105   int index = resolution_errors()->hash_to_index(hash);
2106   {
2107     MutexLocker ml(SystemDictionary_lock, Thread::current());
2108     resolution_errors()->add_entry(index, hash, pool, which, error);
2109   }
2110 }
2111 
2112 // Lookup resolution error table. Returns error if found, otherwise NULL.
2113 symbolOop SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(constantPoolHandle pool, int which) {
2114   unsigned int hash = resolution_errors()->compute_hash(pool, which);
2115   int index = resolution_errors()->hash_to_index(hash);
2116   {
2117     MutexLocker ml(SystemDictionary_lock, Thread::current());
2118     ResolutionErrorEntry* entry = resolution_errors()->find_entry(index, hash, pool, which);
2119     return (entry != NULL) ? entry->error() : (symbolOop)NULL;
2120   }
2121 }
2122 
2123 
2124 // Make sure all class components (including arrays) in the given
2125 // signature will be resolved to the same class in both loaders.
2126 // Returns the name of the type that failed a loader constraint check, or
2127 // NULL if no constraint failed. The returned C string needs cleaning up
2128 // with a ResourceMark in the caller
2129 char* SystemDictionary::check_signature_loaders(symbolHandle signature,
2130                                                Handle loader1, Handle loader2,
2131                                                bool is_method, TRAPS)  {
2132   // Nothing to do if loaders are the same.
2133   if (loader1() == loader2()) {
2134     return NULL;
2135   }
2136 
2137   SignatureStream sig_strm(signature, is_method);
2138   while (!sig_strm.is_done()) {
2139     if (sig_strm.is_object()) {
2140       symbolOop s = sig_strm.as_symbol(CHECK_NULL);
2141       symbolHandle sig (THREAD, s);
2142       if (!add_loader_constraint(sig, loader1, loader2, THREAD)) {
2143         return sig()->as_C_string();
2144       }
2145     }
2146     sig_strm.next();
2147   }
2148   return NULL;
2149 }
2150 
2151 
2152 // Since the identity hash code for symbols changes when the symbols are
2153 // moved from the regular perm gen (hash in the mark word) to the shared
2154 // spaces (hash is the address), the classes loaded into the dictionary
2155 // may be in the wrong buckets.
2156 
2157 void SystemDictionary::reorder_dictionary() {
2158   dictionary()->reorder_dictionary();
2159 }
2160 
2161 
2162 void SystemDictionary::copy_buckets(char** top, char* end) {
2163   dictionary()->copy_buckets(top, end);
2164 }
2165 
2166 
2167 void SystemDictionary::copy_table(char** top, char* end) {
2168   dictionary()->copy_table(top, end);
2169 }
2170 
2171 
2172 void SystemDictionary::reverse() {
2173   dictionary()->reverse();
2174 }
2175 
2176 int SystemDictionary::number_of_classes() {
2177   return dictionary()->number_of_entries();
2178 }
2179 
2180 
2181 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2182 #ifndef PRODUCT
2183 
2184 void SystemDictionary::print() {
2185   dictionary()->print();
2186 
2187   // Placeholders
2188   GCMutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock);
2189   placeholders()->print();
2190 
2191   // loader constraints - print under SD_lock
2192   constraints()->print();
2193 }
2194 
2195 #endif
2196 
2197 void SystemDictionary::verify() {
2198   guarantee(dictionary() != NULL, "Verify of system dictionary failed");
2199   guarantee(constraints() != NULL,
2200             "Verify of loader constraints failed");
2201   guarantee(dictionary()->number_of_entries() >= 0 &&
2202             placeholders()->number_of_entries() >= 0,
2203             "Verify of system dictionary failed");
2204 
2205   // Verify dictionary
2206   dictionary()->verify();
2207 
2208   GCMutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock);
2209   placeholders()->verify();
2210 
2211   // Verify constraint table
2212   guarantee(constraints() != NULL, "Verify of loader constraints failed");
2213   constraints()->verify(dictionary());
2214 }
2215 
2216 
2217 void SystemDictionary::verify_obj_klass_present(Handle obj,
2218                                                 symbolHandle class_name,
2219                                                 Handle class_loader) {
2220   GCMutexLocker mu(SystemDictionary_lock);
2221   oop probe = find_class_or_placeholder(class_name, class_loader);
2222   if (probe == NULL) {
2223     probe = SystemDictionary::find_shared_class(class_name);
2224   }
2225   guarantee(probe != NULL &&
2226             (!probe->is_klass() || probe == obj()),
2227                      "Loaded klasses should be in SystemDictionary");
2228 }
2229 
2230 #ifndef PRODUCT
2231 
2232 // statistics code
2233 class ClassStatistics: AllStatic {
2234  private:
2235   static int nclasses;        // number of classes
2236   static int nmethods;        // number of methods
2237   static int nmethoddata;     // number of methodData
2238   static int class_size;      // size of class objects in words
2239   static int method_size;     // size of method objects in words
2240   static int debug_size;      // size of debug info in methods
2241   static int methoddata_size; // size of methodData objects in words
2242 
2243   static void do_class(klassOop k) {
2244     nclasses++;
2245     class_size += k->size();
2246     if (k->klass_part()->oop_is_instance()) {
2247       instanceKlass* ik = (instanceKlass*)k->klass_part();
2248       class_size += ik->methods()->size();
2249       class_size += ik->constants()->size();
2250       class_size += ik->local_interfaces()->size();
2251       class_size += ik->transitive_interfaces()->size();
2252       // We do not have to count implementors, since we only store one!
2253       class_size += ik->fields()->size();
2254     }
2255   }
2256 
2257   static void do_method(methodOop m) {
2258     nmethods++;
2259     method_size += m->size();
2260     // class loader uses same objArray for empty vectors, so don't count these
2261     if (m->exception_table()->length() != 0)   method_size += m->exception_table()->size();
2262     if (m->has_stackmap_table()) {
2263       method_size += m->stackmap_data()->size();
2264     }
2265 
2266     methodDataOop mdo = m->method_data();
2267     if (mdo != NULL) {
2268       nmethoddata++;
2269       methoddata_size += mdo->size();
2270     }
2271   }
2272 
2273  public:
2274   static void print() {
2275     SystemDictionary::classes_do(do_class);
2276     SystemDictionary::methods_do(do_method);
2277     tty->print_cr("Class statistics:");
2278     tty->print_cr("%d classes (%d bytes)", nclasses, class_size * oopSize);
2279     tty->print_cr("%d methods (%d bytes = %d base + %d debug info)", nmethods,
2280                   (method_size + debug_size) * oopSize, method_size * oopSize, debug_size * oopSize);
2281     tty->print_cr("%d methoddata (%d bytes)", nmethoddata, methoddata_size * oopSize);
2282   }
2283 };
2284 
2285 
2286 int ClassStatistics::nclasses        = 0;
2287 int ClassStatistics::nmethods        = 0;
2288 int ClassStatistics::nmethoddata     = 0;
2289 int ClassStatistics::class_size      = 0;
2290 int ClassStatistics::method_size     = 0;
2291 int ClassStatistics::debug_size      = 0;
2292 int ClassStatistics::methoddata_size = 0;
2293 
2294 void SystemDictionary::print_class_statistics() {
2295   ResourceMark rm;
2296   ClassStatistics::print();
2297 }
2298 
2299 
2300 class MethodStatistics: AllStatic {
2301  public:
2302   enum {
2303     max_parameter_size = 10
2304   };
2305  private:
2306 
2307   static int _number_of_methods;
2308   static int _number_of_final_methods;
2309   static int _number_of_static_methods;
2310   static int _number_of_native_methods;
2311   static int _number_of_synchronized_methods;
2312   static int _number_of_profiled_methods;
2313   static int _number_of_bytecodes;
2314   static int _parameter_size_profile[max_parameter_size];
2315   static int _bytecodes_profile[Bytecodes::number_of_java_codes];
2316 
2317   static void initialize() {
2318     _number_of_methods        = 0;
2319     _number_of_final_methods  = 0;
2320     _number_of_static_methods = 0;
2321     _number_of_native_methods = 0;
2322     _number_of_synchronized_methods = 0;
2323     _number_of_profiled_methods = 0;
2324     _number_of_bytecodes      = 0;
2325     for (int i = 0; i < max_parameter_size             ; i++) _parameter_size_profile[i] = 0;
2326     for (int j = 0; j < Bytecodes::number_of_java_codes; j++) _bytecodes_profile     [j] = 0;
2327   };
2328 
2329   static void do_method(methodOop m) {
2330     _number_of_methods++;
2331     // collect flag info
2332     if (m->is_final()       ) _number_of_final_methods++;
2333     if (m->is_static()      ) _number_of_static_methods++;
2334     if (m->is_native()      ) _number_of_native_methods++;
2335     if (m->is_synchronized()) _number_of_synchronized_methods++;
2336     if (m->method_data() != NULL) _number_of_profiled_methods++;
2337     // collect parameter size info (add one for receiver, if any)
2338     _parameter_size_profile[MIN2(m->size_of_parameters() + (m->is_static() ? 0 : 1), max_parameter_size - 1)]++;
2339     // collect bytecodes info
2340     {
2341       Thread *thread = Thread::current();
2342       HandleMark hm(thread);
2343       BytecodeStream s(methodHandle(thread, m));
2344       Bytecodes::Code c;
2345       while ((c = s.next()) >= 0) {
2346         _number_of_bytecodes++;
2347         _bytecodes_profile[c]++;
2348       }
2349     }
2350   }
2351 
2352  public:
2353   static void print() {
2354     initialize();
2355     SystemDictionary::methods_do(do_method);
2356     // generate output
2357     tty->cr();
2358     tty->print_cr("Method statistics (static):");
2359     // flag distribution
2360     tty->cr();
2361     tty->print_cr("%6d final        methods  %6.1f%%", _number_of_final_methods       , _number_of_final_methods        * 100.0F / _number_of_methods);
2362     tty->print_cr("%6d static       methods  %6.1f%%", _number_of_static_methods      , _number_of_static_methods       * 100.0F / _number_of_methods);
2363     tty->print_cr("%6d native       methods  %6.1f%%", _number_of_native_methods      , _number_of_native_methods       * 100.0F / _number_of_methods);
2364     tty->print_cr("%6d synchronized methods  %6.1f%%", _number_of_synchronized_methods, _number_of_synchronized_methods * 100.0F / _number_of_methods);
2365     tty->print_cr("%6d profiled     methods  %6.1f%%", _number_of_profiled_methods, _number_of_profiled_methods * 100.0F / _number_of_methods);
2366     // parameter size profile
2367     tty->cr();
2368     { int tot = 0;
2369       int avg = 0;
2370       for (int i = 0; i < max_parameter_size; i++) {
2371         int n = _parameter_size_profile[i];
2372         tot += n;
2373         avg += n*i;
2374         tty->print_cr("parameter size = %1d: %6d methods  %5.1f%%", i, n, n * 100.0F / _number_of_methods);
2375       }
2376       assert(tot == _number_of_methods, "should be the same");
2377       tty->print_cr("                    %6d methods  100.0%%", _number_of_methods);
2378       tty->print_cr("(average parameter size = %3.1f including receiver, if any)", (float)avg / _number_of_methods);
2379     }
2380     // bytecodes profile
2381     tty->cr();
2382     { int tot = 0;
2383       for (int i = 0; i < Bytecodes::number_of_java_codes; i++) {
2384         if (Bytecodes::is_defined(i)) {
2385           Bytecodes::Code c = Bytecodes::cast(i);
2386           int n = _bytecodes_profile[c];
2387           tot += n;
2388           tty->print_cr("%9d  %7.3f%%  %s", n, n * 100.0F / _number_of_bytecodes, Bytecodes::name(c));
2389         }
2390       }
2391       assert(tot == _number_of_bytecodes, "should be the same");
2392       tty->print_cr("%9d  100.000%%", _number_of_bytecodes);
2393     }
2394     tty->cr();
2395   }
2396 };
2397 
2398 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_methods;
2399 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_final_methods;
2400 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_static_methods;
2401 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_native_methods;
2402 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_synchronized_methods;
2403 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_profiled_methods;
2404 int MethodStatistics::_number_of_bytecodes;
2405 int MethodStatistics::_parameter_size_profile[MethodStatistics::max_parameter_size];
2406 int MethodStatistics::_bytecodes_profile[Bytecodes::number_of_java_codes];
2407 
2408 
2409 void SystemDictionary::print_method_statistics() {
2410   MethodStatistics::print();
2411 }
2412 
2413 #endif // PRODUCT