Carn Brea Castle
Also known as, or recorded in historical
documents as; Carnbrea; Carnbre
In the civil parish of Carn Brea.
In the historic county of Cornwall (Modern Authority of Cornwall, 1974 county of Cornwall).
Carnbrea Castle is a small irregular building about 60 ft long and 10 ft wide. Only part of the building is ancient the masonry of which is very crude and the modern part has probably been built on ancient foundations (Lysons). Carnbrea Castle is mostly C18 building of folly type, now used as a private house. The NW side incorporates heavy boulder masonry for about 3.0m above ground level but there is no distinct building line between this and the obvious later work. The plain pointed arched doorways have no dateable features (F1 NVQ 24-MAR-70). Carn Brea Castle was used as a hunting lodge by the Bassets (See SW 64 SE 17 for medieval deep park) (Henderson). Carnbrea Castle is first mentioned in 1478 (Worcestre). The building stands on a narrow, irregular ledge of rock which results in varying levels of floors for different rooms. Only part of the masonry is original and Borlase records former outworks at the north end (Borlase). Renovation of the castle, including the complete gutting of the interior, has revealed varying styles of stonework and a number of hidden features which are shown on C18 and C19 drawings. In the small turret at the west end, accepted as the earliest section, a small window has been exposed looking west. At the base of the north wall of the east wing a previously blocked arched recess has been opened into a cellar, which is mentioned in C19 accounts as being the only means of access. A few feet to the west is the open, lower end of a Medieval garderobe. The location of the Medieval chapel remains uncertain but is probably represented by the upper two rooms in the east wing. In both the north and south walls are two arched windows with interior stone sills which appear to be of Medieval date (Mercer, Tangye). (PastScape)
Leland records it as associated with a park and it is clear this was a hunting lodge, built to add dramatic interest to the hunting. It is within an Iron Age hill fort but this is not a fortified site.
This site is a scheduled
monument protected by law. This is a
Grade 2 listed
building protected by law*. (Images
of England number 66669)
The Ordnance Survey Map Grid Reference is SW68644086
This site's English Heritage (PastScape) Defra or Monument number is
426089
Further information may be available from the holder of the county Historic Environment Record. In particular 'grey' literature, such as watching brief reports, held by H.E.R.s
is often poorly referenced and is unlikely to be recorded in this website, or elsewhere.
- Web site links
- Books
- Higham, Robert A., 1999, 'Castles, Fortified Houses and Fortified Towns in the Middle Ages' in Kain, R. and Ravenhill, W., Historical Atlas of South-West England (University of Exeter Press) p136-43
Salter, Mike, 1999, The Castles of Devon and Cornwall (Malvern) p19
Pettifer, A., 1995, English Castles, A guide by counties (Woodbridge) p17
King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol1
Henderson, Charles (edited by Rowse, A.L. and Henderson, M.I.), 1963 [original written 1935], Essays in Cornish history (Clarendon Press) p162
O'Neill Hencken, H., 1932, The Archaeology of Cornwall and Scilly p128
Harvey, Alfred, 1911, Castles and Walled Towns of England (Methuen and Co)
Mackenzie, J.D., 1896, Castles of England (New York: Macmillan) Vol2 p2 http://www.archive.org/stream/castlesofengland02mack#page/2/mode/1up
Timbs, J. and Gunn, A., 1872, Abbeys, Castles and Ancient Halls of England and Wales Vol1 (London) p505-6
Lysons, D. and S., 1814, Magna Britannia Vol3 Cornwall http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=50625
Borlase, William, 1769, Antiquities, historical and monumental, of the county of Cornwall p350-1 [plan]
- Journal Articles
- Preston-Jones, Ann and Rose, Peter, 1986, 'Medieval Cornwall' Cornish Archaeology Vol25 p135-185 http://www.cornisharchaeology.org.uk/documents/CA25-5s2.pdf
Tangye, M., 1976 Feb 20, Cornwall Archaeological Society: newsletter p5
Mercer, R.J., 1970, 'The Neolithic Settlement on Carn Brea: Preliminary Report, 1970' Cornish Archaeology Vol9 p54, 62
- Guidebooks
- Tangye, M., 1981, Cam Brea. Brief History and Guide (Redruth)
- Antiquarian (Histories and accounts from late medieval and early modern writers)
- Chandler, John, 1993, John Leland's Itinerary: travels in Tudor England (Sutton Publishing) p69
Toulmin-Smith, Lucy (ed), 1910, The itinerary of John Leland in or about the years 1535-1543 (Bell and Sons; London) Vol1 p190 http://www.archive.org/details/itineraryofjohnl01lelauoft
Harvey, J.H. (ed), 1969, Itineraries (of) William Worcestre (Clarendon Press) p21
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may be derived from information compiled by and/or copyright of English
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given should be consulted to identify the original copyright holder
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The bibliography owes much to various bibliographies produced by
John Kenyon for the Council
for British Archaeology, the Castle Studies Group and others.
Suggestions for finding online and/or hard copies of bibliographical sources can be seen at this link. |
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*The listed building
may not be the actual medieval building, but a building on the site
of, or incorporating fragments of, the described site.
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