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Lewes Town Wall
Also known as, or recorded in historical
documents as; Laewe; Laewas; Lewis
In the civil parish of Lewes.
In the historic county of Sussex (Modern Authority of East Sussex, 1974 county of East Sussex).
Lewes had earthwork defences in Saxon times. Stone wall built after 1266. Featureless western part of wall remains. Murage granted 1266 and 1334. PastScape records C10 burh but not walls.
The walls of the town ran north and south of the East Gate (situated some 100 yards west of Lewes Bridge) and then turned westward at the foot of the hill slope. It is probable that at an early date some responsibility for maintaining the town defences fell on the manors or military tenants of the barony. In 1275 Earl John de Warenne was said to have exacted £5 from each knight's fee in the honor of Lewes towards the cost of walling the town. This had probably happened in 1267, in which year the earl specifically released the Abbey of Hyde from all claims for walling the town due for their manors of Southease and Telscombe; and this may be connected with the royal grant of murage for three years made to the bailiffs and good men of Lewes in May 1266 at the request of the earl, possibly influenced by the ease with which the Barons had taken the town after the Battle of Lewes. Another royal grant of murage was made, for five years, in 1334. It is uncertain whether any stone wall existed on the east, where the river protected the approach. On the north the wall encloses an ancient earthwork, occupied by the churchyard of St. John-sub-Castro, and joins the castle defences, from which it climbs the hill to join the West Gate. On the south it takes a straight course, with one exit called Watergate, and turns, east of Keere Street, forming a facing to the Saxon earth wall on the south side of the West Gate. (VCH)
This is a
Grade 2 listed
building protected by law*. (Images
of England number 293264; 293489)
The Ordnance Survey Map Grid Reference is TQ415101
This site's English Heritage (PastScape) Defra or Monument number is
406490
Further information may be available from the holder of the county Historic Environment Record. In particular 'grey' literature, such as watching brief reports, held by H.E.R.s
is often poorly referenced and is unlikely to be recorded in this website, or elsewhere.
- Web site links
- Books
- Jones, R., 2003, 'Hastings to Herstmonceux: the castles of Sussex' in Rudling, D. (ed) The archaeology of Sussex to AD2000 (Great Dunham: Heritage Marketing and Publications) p171-8
Creighton, O.H. and Higham, R.A., 2005, Medieval Town Walls (Stroud: Tempus) p57, 178, 180, 260
Salter, Mike, 2000, The Castles of Sussex (Malvern) p50
Pettifer, A., 1995, English Castles, A guide by counties (Woodbridge) p251-2
Bond, C.J., 1987, 'Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Defences' in Schofield, J. and Leech, R. (eds) Urban Archaeology in Britain (CBA Research Report) p92-116
King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol2 p476
Barley, M.W., 1975, 'Town Defences in England and Wales after 1066' in Barley (ed) Medieval Towns in England and Wales (CBA research reports) pp57-71
Turner, H.L., 1971, Town Defences in England and Wales (London) p155-6
Nairn, Ian and Pevsner, Nikolaus, 1965, The buildings of England: Sussex (Harmondsworth) p549
Salzman, L.F. (ed), 1940, VCH Sussex Vol7 p7, 8, 11 http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=56908
- Journal Articles
- Freke, D.J., 1975, 'Excavations in Lewes, 1974' Sussex Archaeological Collections Vol113, p66-84
Lewis, R., 1972, 'Town defences, Lewes: rear of 11 Keere Street' Sussex Archaeological Society Newsletter Vol8 p2
1968, Medieval Archaeology Vol12 p161-2 [downloadable via http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/resources.html?medarch]
- Primary (Medieval documents or transcriptions of such documents
- This section is far from complete and the secondary
sources should be consulted for full references.)
- CPR (1258-1266) p590; (1330-1334) p517 [murage grants]
- Antiquarian (Histories and accounts from late medieval and early modern writers)
Most of the sites or buildings
recorded in this web site are NOT open to the public
and permission to visit a site must always be sought from the landowner
or tenant. |
The information on this web page
may be derived from information compiled by and/or copyright of English
Heritage and other individuals and organisations. All the sources
given should be consulted to identify the original copyright holder
and permission obtained from them before use of the information
on this site for commercial purposes. I do
not receive any income from this site and I fund it myself.
The bibliography owes much to various bibliographies produced by
John Kenyon for the Council
for British Archaeology, the Castle Studies Group and others.
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Scheduled Monument without consent. It is a destruction of
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without proper recording and reporting. Don't use metal detectors on historic sites without authorisation. |
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*The listed building
may not be the actual medieval building, but a building on the site
of, or incorporating fragments of, the described site.
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