Ms. Effie's
Standard MLA Bibliography Format
An entry in a list of works cited characteristically
has three main divisions--author, title, and publication information--each
followed by a period and two spaces. To see an A-to-Z sample.
Notice that your indentions are the exact
opposite of a paragraph - flush left for the first line, but
 indent any following
lines if the entry runs over. That way you can alphabetize easily
and
someone can skim
your bibliography looking for the last name of your sources.
This makes
checking your citations
easier.
If you are missing some piece of information anywhere along
the way, move on to whatever piece you have. For example, if
a work is anonymous, start with the title.
Structure for Citing Books
Last Name, First Name. Title of the Work. Place:
Publisher, 19??, 0-00.
Samples
Lobdell, Jared. England and Always:
Tolkien's World of the Rings. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1981, 6-18.
Berry, Jason, Jonathan Foose, and Tad Jones. Up from the Cradle
of Jazz. Athens: U of Georgia
Press, 1986.
Edens, Walter, et al., eds. Teaching Shakespeare. Princeton:
Princeton U Press, 1977.
Structure for Citing Magazines (Periodicals)
Last Name, First Name. "Title of the Article."
Title of the Magazine
00
Month 19??: 0-00.
Samples
Wheeler, David L. "Artificial-Intelligence
Researchers Develop Electronic 'Tutors' to Aid
Learning Process."
Chronicle of Higher Education 20 May 1987: 6-8.
Zimmerman, Jerry L. "Why Vultures Make Good Neighbors."
National Wildlife June-July
1987: 16-20.
The goal of any citation is to allow
you to retrieve information. Keep this in mind. Make sure that
the information you provide will allow a repeat of your work.
Punctuation and capitalization, especially in the "electronic
address" of the resource, must appear just as it is used
online. An entry for an online reference has the same three main
divisions--author, title, and location information. The location
information is just a bit more complicated.
Structure for Citing Online Sources
Last, First. "Title of the Work." Title of Complete
Work/Site. protocol
and address/path,
date of message or visit.
Online Services (aol, prodigy, compuserve,
delphi)
Jones, Jerry. "Congresssional
Investigations of the Waco Incident." America Online: Newstand,
The New York Times,
8 May 1995.
Vince. James. "Suggestions for promoting collaborative writing
in college composition."
America Online:
NCTE Forum/current topics/bulletin posting, 12 March 1996.
World Wide Web (www)
DiStefano, Vince. "Guidelines
for Better Writing." Inkspot. http://www.usa.net/
~vinced/home/better-writing.html,
9 January 1996.
Yule, James. "The Cold War Revisited: A Splintered Germany."
http://usa.coldwar.
server.gov/index/cold.war/Germany/germany.html,
5 March 1996.
Electronic Mail (email)
Robert, Eric. "Nile Research
Project results." email:student1@smallvillehigh.edu,
3 February 1996.
Taylor, Barry. "My Oscar List." email:taylor8072@aol.com,
23 January 1995.
Gopher
Chalmers, Andrea. Bosnia: A Country
in Transition. gopher:nywer.net, Today's News/
World News/Bosnia-Herzegovina,
5 February 1996.
File Transfer Protocol (ftp)
Hess, Hanna. Networking in the Information
Age. ftp:194.335.23.10, pub/research/
internet/network.txt,
5 February 1996.
Telnet
Brady, Larry E. Map of Iraqi Troop
Movements for 1/9/96. telnet:fedworld.gov, Government
Information/CIA/Maps/Latest
Maps/Iraq, 10 January 1996.
Usenet Newsgroups
Brown, David. Educational Insights
1995. usenet:k12.ed.research, 27 December 1995.
Internet Relay Chat (irc)
McBane, Lisa. IRC:telnet world.sensemedia.net:6677,#egypt,
8 March 1996.
Other Kinds of Sources
A Television or Radio Program
"Salute to Black and White."
Siskel & Ebert. Syndicated. WKY, Oklahoma City OK,
14 April 1992.
A Film
Dead Poets Society. Dir. Peter Weir. 128 min. Touchstone Pictures in
assoc. with Silver
Screen Partners
IV, 1989.
A CD-ROM
Cinemania 96.
"Maltin's 10 Favorite Movies." Mac CD-ROM. Microsoft
Corporation, 1995.
Interview
Williamson, Danny. Personal interview.
8 January 1997.
More about Citing Sources
Perhaps the best place to start is Classroom
Connect. Check these sites for more information about how
to do a bibliography.
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