China
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Preparedness and Contingency Plan for Influenza Pandemic of the Ministry of Health (Mainland)
Government's Preparedness Plan for Influenza Pandemic (Hong Kong)
98,056 cases (69,160 in mainland + 26,548 in Hong Kong + 2,348 in Macao).
147 people have died:
- 41 in Hong Kong - A 42 year old man; a 37 year old woman; a 58 year old man; a 54 year old man; a 43 year old woman; a 50 year old man; a 65 year old man; a 47 year old man; a 59 year old man; a 73 year old woman; a 37 year old man; a 63 year old man; a 34 year old man; a 44 year old woman; a 66 year old man; a 55 year old man (a prinicipal); a 38 year old man; a 93 year old woman; a 11 year old girl with mental retardation and cerebral palsy; a 69 year old woman; a 59 year old man; a 51 year old man; a 14 year old girl a 59 year old woman; a 60 year old man; a 55 year old man; a 76 year old man; others.
- 2 in Macau - a 40 year old woman.
- 104 in Mainland China:
- Beijng (26): a freshman at Beijing University.
- Fujian Province (1): a 55 year old woman.
- Guanxi (1)
- Hebei Province (1): a teenager.
- Heilongjiang Province (1): a 7 year old boy.
- Henan Province (1): an 18 year old boy.
- Hunan Province (1): a 14 year old in Changing City.
- Jiangxi Province (1): an 18 year old woman.
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (1): a boy.
- Qinghai Province (1): a 43 year old woman.
- Tibet (1): an 18 year old woman in Lhasa.
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (1): a 14 year old boy in Fuyun County, Altay Prefecture.
1997 | 2003 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009
1997
The first confirmed case of an H5N1 infection that led to the death of a person was recorded in Hong Kong in May of 1997. A total of 18 people were infected in this outbreak, which lasted until December 28, 1997. Cases described below:
A 3 year old boy became ill on May 9, 1997. He died on May 21.
A 2 year old boy became ill on November 6, 1997. He recovered.
A 13 year old girl became ill on November 20, 1997. She was placed on mechanical ventilation on November 27.
A 54 year old man became ill on November 24, 1997. He died on December 5.
A 37 year old man became ill on November 24, 1997. He recovered.
A 24 year old woman became ill on December 4, 1997. She was placed on mechanical ventilation on December 9.
A 5 year old girl became ill on December 7, 1997. Her 2 year old cousin became ill on December 12, 1997. The 2 year old boy's 3 year old sister became ill on December 13.
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Saw et al. (1997) Isolation of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses from Humans -- Hong Kong, May-December 1997. MMWR Weekly, 46:1204-1207.
Saw et al. (1998) Update: Isolation of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses from Humans -- Hong Kong, 1997-1998. MMWR Weekly, 46:1245-1247.
Subbarao et al. (1998) Characterization of an Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Isolated from a Child with a Fatal Respiratory Illness. Science, 279: 393 - 396.
Yuen et al. (1998) Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus. Lancet. 14:467-471.
Claas et al. (1998) Human influenza A H5N1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. Lancet. 351:472-477.
Suarez et al. (1998) Comparisons of Highly Virulent H5N1 Influenza A Viruses Isolated from Humans and Chickens from Hong Kong. J Virol, 72: 6678-6688.
Claase et al. (1998) Human influenza virus A/HongKong/156/97 (H5N1) infection. Vaccine. 16:977-978.
Shortridge et al. (1998) Characterization of avian H5N1 influenza viruses from poultry in Hong Kong. Virology. 252: 331-342.
Tam, JS (2002) Influenza A (H5N1) in Hong Kong: an overview. Vaccine, 20 Suppl 2:S77-81.
2003
A family of 5 from Hong Kong visited Fujian province in Mainland China early in 2003. A mother went with two daughters and one son on January 25 2003. The 7 year old girl developed respiratory symptoms and a high fever on January 27/28. She developed pneumonia on January 28 2003. The father joined his family in Fujian province on January 31. His 7 year old daughter died on February 4, 2003. She was not tested for H5N1 and was buried in Mainland China. Her 33 year old father became ill on February 7 with fever, cough and blood in sputum. The family returned to Hong Kong on February 9 2003. The father was admitted to a hospital in Hong Kong on February 11. He died on February 17. He was tested and was found to have been infected with H5N1. The 8 year old boy in the family became ill with a cough and fever on February 9, 2003. He was tested and was also found to be positive for H5N1, but recovered.
Peiris et al 2004 | Hong Kong DOH
Hong Kong scientists KY Yuen and SSY Wong regard the 2003 H5N1 cases as “imported” from Mainland China.
A 24 year old year old soldier in the People's Liberation Army of China, named Shi became ill with respiratory symptoms on November 25, 2003. He was hospitalised on November 29, 2003 at the PLA 309th Hospital. He died on December 3, 2003.
WHO Update - 8 August 2006 | New England Journal of Medicine
Sequence: A/Beijing/01/2003
Related blog: Shi, The Soldier.
2005
On October 8 2005, a 12 year old girl from Hunan province became ill with respiratory symptoms. She died on October 16. Her 9 year old brother became ill with respiratory symptoms on October 10 2005. He was confirmed to be infected with H5N1. He was released from the hospital on November 12 2005.
WHO Update - 17 November 2005
A 24 year old woman from Anhui province became ill on November 1 2005. She died on November 10. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 24 November 2005 | WHO Update - 29 November 2005
A 35 year old woman from Anhui province became ill on November 11 2005. She died on November 22. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 24 November 2005 | WHO Update - 29 November 2005
On October 30 2005 a 31 year old woman from Liaoning province became ill. Although she suffered severe respiratory distress, she recovered and was released from the hospital on November 29. She was confirmed to have been infected with H5N1.
WHO Update - 9 December 2005
On November 23 2005, a 10 year old girl from Guangxi province developed a fever and respiratory conditions. She was confirmed to have been infected with H5N1. Her death was reported by the WHO on January 10 2006.
WHO Update - 7 December 2005 | WHO Update - 10 January 2006
On December 4, a 35 year old man from Jiangxi province became ill. H5N1 infection was confirmed. His death was reported by the WHO on January 10 2006.
WHO Update - 16 December 2005 | WHO Update - 10 January 2006
On December 6 2005, a 41 year old woman from Fujian province became ill. She died on Decmber 21 2005. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 30 December 2005
A 6 year old boy from Hunan province became ill on December 24 2005. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 10 January 2006
A 35 year old woman from Sichuan province became ill on January 3 2006. She died of H5N1 influenza on January 11.
WHO Update - 19 January 2006
A 29 year old woman from Sichuan province became ill on January 12 2006. She died of H5N1 influenza on January 23.
WHO Update - 25 January 2006
A 26 year old woman from Fujian province became ill on January 10 2006. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 9 February 2006
A 20 year old woman from Hunan province became ill January 27 2006 and died of H5N1 influenza on February 4.
WHO Update - 13 February 2006
A 9 year old girl from Zhejiang became ill on February 10 2006. She died on March 6. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 27 February 2006 | WHO Update - 8 March 2006
A 26 year old woman from Anhui province became ill on February 11 2006. She was reported to be in critical condition. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 27 February 2006
A 32 year old man from Guandong province became ill on February 22, 2006. He died on March 2. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 6 March 2006
A 29 year old woman in Shanghai died of H5N1 influenza on March 21 2006.
WHO Update - 24 March 2006
A 21 year old man from Hubei province became ill on April 1 2006. H5N1 infection was confirmed. He died on April 19.
WHO Update - 19 April 2006 | WHO Update - 21 April 2006
A 8 year old girl in Sichuan province became ill on April 16 2006. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 27 April 2006
A 31 year old man from Guandong province became ill on June 3 2006. H5N1 infection was confirmed. He was last reported in critical condition.
WHO Update - 16 June 2006
A 62 year old man from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region became ill on June 19 2006 and died on July 12. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 14 August 2006
A 37 year old man from Anhui province became ill on December 10, 2006. He recovered and was discharged from the hospital on January 6, 2007. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 10 January 2007
2007
A 44 year old woman from Fujian Province became ill on February 18, 2007. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 1 March 2007
A 16 year old boy from Anhui province became ill on March 17, 2007. He died on March 27. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO Update - 29 March 2007
A 19 year old soldier in the People's Liberation Army, named Cheng, became ill on May 9, 2007 and was hospitalised on May 14, 2007 at the PLA Hospital number 180. He was from a
troop station in Nanan city, Fujian province. He died on June 3, 2007.
Related blog: Cheng, The Soldier
WHO update - 30 May 2007, WHO update - 4 June 2007
A 24 year old man from Jiangsu Province became ill on November 24, 2007. He died on December 2, 2007. H5N1 infection was confirmed. His 52 year old father became ill on December 3, 2007. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO update - 4 December 2007, WHO update - 9 December 2007
A 22 year old man from Hunan Province became ill on January 16, 2008. He died on January 24, 2008. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
Canadian Press | Xinhua | WHO
A 41 year old man from Guangxi Autonomous Region became ill on February 12, 2008. He died on February 20, 2008. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
WHO
A 44 year old woman from Guangdong Province became ill on February 16, 2008. She died on February 25, 2008. H5N1 infection was confirmed.
Reuters | WHO
A 19 year old woman from Hebei province became ill on December 24, 2008. She was sent to a hospital in Beijing where she died on January 5, 2009. A nurse who was treating her developed a fever, but recovered. One media report (UPI) indicates that the nurse was infected with H5N1.
AP | Reuters | WHO | RFA | UPI | Beijing Daily
A woman became ill with fever on December 21, 2008. She died of pneumonia on January 6, 2009. She was not tested for H5N1 infection. Her 2 year old daughter from Shanxi Province became ill while she was in Hunan Province on January 7, 2009. She is currently in critical condition. H5N1 infection was confirmed in the daughter.
Reuters | AP | WHO | Shanghai Daily
A 27 year old woman from Shandong province became ill on January 5, 2009. She died on January 17, 2009.
AFP | Shanghai Daily | WHO
A 16 year old boy from Guizhou province became ill on January 8, 2009 and was hospitalised in Hunan province. He died on January 20, 2009.
AP | Channel 4 News | China Daily | WHO | Yahoo News | WHO2
A 31 year old woman from Xinjiang province became ill on January 10, 2009. She died on January 23, 2009.
AFP | Reuters | CNN | WHO
A 29 year old man from Guizhou province became ill on January 15, 2009. He is currently in critical condition.
Reuters | CNN | WHO
An 18 year old man from Guangxi province became ill on January 19, 2009. He died on January 26, 2009.
Reuters | AP | Xinhua | WHO
A 21 year old woman from Hunan province became ill on Janaury 23, 2009.
VOA | AFP | China Daily | WHO
H5N1 is believed to be endemic in China.
VOA | Taiwan News
January 2009; goose, ducks; Hong Kong
AFP
December 2008; poultry; Jiangsu province
CIDRAP
December 2008; Chickens; Hong Kong
AP | CNN
October 2008; Crow; Hong Kong
IHT
June 2008; Chickens; Hong Kong
Bernama | Reuters | VOA
Jan 2008; Poultry; Jiedexiu Town, Gongga County; Tibet
China View | Reuters
Dec 2007 - Jan 2008; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
China View | Reuters
Liu et al. (2009) Emergence of European avian influenza virus-like H1N1 swine influenza A viruses in China. 47:2643-2646
Saw et al. (1997) Isolation of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses from Humans -- Hong Kong, May-December 1997. MMWR Weekly, 46:1204-1207.
Saw et al. (1998) Update: Isolation of Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses from Humans -- Hong Kong, 1997-1998. MMWR Weekly, 46:1245-1247.
Subbarao et al. (1998) Characterization of an Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Isolated from a Child with a Fatal Respiratory Illness. Science, 279: 393 - 396.
Yuen et al. (1998) Clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus. Lancet. 14:467-471.
Claas et al. (1998) Human influenza A H5N1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. Lancet. 351:472-477.
Suarez et al. (1998) Comparisons of Highly Virulent H5N1 Influenza A Viruses Isolated from Humans and Chickens from Hong Kong. J Virol, 72: 6678-6688.
Claase et al. (1998) Human influenza virus A/HongKong/156/97 (H5N1) infection. Vaccine. 16:977-978.
Shortridge et al. (1998) Characterization of avian H5N1 influenza viruses from poultry in Hong Kong. Virology. 252: 331-342.
Tam, JS (2002) Influenza A (H5N1) in Hong Kong: an overview. Vaccine, 20 Suppl 2:S77-81.
Sims et al. (2005) Origin and evolution of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Asia. Vet Rec. 157:1591-64.
Webster et al. (2005) The spread of the H5N1 bird flu epidemic in Asia in 2004. Arch Virol Suppl. 19:117-129.
Zhu et al. (2006) Fatal Infection with Influenza A (H5N1) Virus in China. New England Journal of Medicine. 354:2731-2732.
Wang et al. (2008) Identification of the progenitors of Indonesian and Vietnamese avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses from southern China. J. Virol. 82:3405-3414.
Swine Flu Mutation Risk
The Sydney Morning Herald, November 26, 2009
China records first H1N1 fatality
The Shangahaiist, October 7, 2009
Hong Kong reports 245 new cases of A/H1N1 flu
XInhua, August 25, 2009
China reports second bird flu death this month
AFP, January 18, 2009
China reports new H5N1 outbreaks
CIDRAP, December 15, 2008
80,000 birds to die in Hong Kong flu scare
CNN, December 9, 2008
Hong Kong finds bird flu virus in crow
IHT, October 20, 2008
Expert warns Hong Kong's avian flu vaccine is waning
CIDRAP, July 10, 2008
Bird flu expert urges vigilance in China
Reuters, March 11, 2008
The following reports are separated from the news as they contain information collected in unconventional ways and are unverified. These should be read with skepticism. The Boxun reports are included for two reasons. First, if true, they point to large-scale human infections in Mainland China that have been covered up the government. Second, Boxun was the first news organization to report that SARS was present in mainland China at a time when this epidemic was being covered up the government. Caveat lector.
Boxun News Network English and Chinese
Casualty Surpasses 700?
Translation by PeterPan at Disease Outbreaks, June 28 2005
Bird flu update - seems serious
Boxun, July 20, 2005
PeterPan's Translation of the same story
Riots Reported Due to the Capture / Arrest of the Bird Flu Patients, the Army Strengthens its Hold Over the New Outbreak Zones
Translation by PeterPan at Disease Outbreaks, July 22 2005
Rioting in YuShu Farming Community Suppressed, Troops Leaving Area
Translation by PeterPan at Disease Outbreaks, July 24, 2005
Farming Community in Yushu Deserted Following Suppression of Bird Flu Related Riots
Translation by PeterPan at Disease Outbreaks, July 31, 2005
Chinese Authorities Close the Temporary Shelters / Holding Areas near the Qinghai Ha-Gy (approx Pronunciation) Epidemic Area
Translation by PeterPan at Disease Outbreaks, August 6, 2005
The Avian Influenza Has Slowly Begun Spreading in Mainland China
Translation by PeterPan, September 17, 2005
More than 3,600 People Placed Under Close Observation in Liaoning Heishan Avian Influenza Epidemic Zone
Translation by PeterPan at Current Events, November 8, 2005
Official from Ministry of Health Reveals 2005 Human Case Figures for Avian Influenza Outbreak in China
Translation by PeterPan at Current Events, November 14, 2005
Harbin Water Contamination Incident Diverts Attention from the 77 Deaths Caused by the Avian Influenza in Liaoning
Translation by PeterPan at Current Events, November 24, 2005
Beijing Reports First Human Infection and Death from the H5N1 Virus
[H 5 N 1 Fatality in Beijing]
Translation by PeterPan at Flu Wiki, November 29, 2005
Boxun Commented about Mr. Gao Qiang’s Criticism
Boxun News,1 Dec 2005 (Boxun responds to criticism)
WHO officer in China helps to hide bird flu?
Boxun News, March 8, 2006