Parameter	Female	Male	References
Largest specimens (Total length and mass)	0.95; 1.0 m TL	0.80 m TL	Compagno 1984; Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Size range of specimens	0.257-1.000 mTL (n=56)	0.276-0.795 m TL (n=15)	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Size at maturity	0.51-0.63 m TL	0.52-0.66 m TL	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Smallest mature
Largest immature
Sizes at which 10, 50, and 90% are mature
Estimated age at maturity	2.0-3.4 yr (using VBGF with TL = 0.51-63 m)	2.2-4.0 yr (using VBGF with TL = 0.52-0.66 m)	Yudin and Cailliet 1990; however they reported 1-4 yr for age-at-first-reproduction in abstract?
Gestation time	6 months?
Reproductive cycle	1 year		Cortés (2002)
Litter size (# of pups in litter)	3-5		Cortés (2002)
Birth size estimate	190-210 mm TL		Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Smallest free-swimming	257 mm TL		Yudin and Cailliet 1990
First year growth	140 mm TL based on VBGF	160 mm TL based on VBGF	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Von Bertalanffy Growth Function (VBGF)	TLoo = 976 mm, TLo = 260 mm (to = - 1.375 yr), k = 0.225 yr-1 (5ln(2)/k = 15.4 yr);	TLoo = 861 mm, TLo = 229 mm (to = - 1.086 yr), k = 0.285 yr-1 (5ln(2)/k = 12.2 yr);	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Elasticity estimates based on alpha = 3.0 yr, Abar = 4.68 yr, and GP = 0.5 yr	E(m) = 1/Abar = 1/4.7 = 0.214; E(JS)/E(m) = alpha - GP = 2.5, E(JS) = 0.534; E(AS)/E(m) = Abar- alpha + GP = 2.2, E(AS) = 0.466; Sum Elasticity Ratios = Abar; Sum Elasticities = 1 + E(m) = 1.214		Mollet 2003 (AES Manaus) Normalized elasticities: E(fertility) = E(m)  = 17.6 %; E(juvenile survival) = E(JS) = 44.0 %; E(adult survival) = E(AS) = 38.4 %
Parameter	Female	Male	References

Vital rates needed for demograhic analysis are age-specific mortality rate M (can be estimated from longevity), age-at-first reproduction (alpha = age-at-maturity + gestation period), longevity estimate w (can be estimated from Von Bertalanffy growth curve), and fertility m (number of female pups born per year). The following values were used by Cortés (2002) in a demographics analyses of 39 shark species:
M = 0.49-0.77yr^-1; Alpha =1, 2.5, 4 triangular distribution; w =13 years; m =(3-5)/2= 1.5-2.5 uniform distribution
Results: Lambda = 1.163, Abar = 4.7 yr
Elasticity results for comparison with estimates given above: E(m) = 18.1%; E(JS) = 34.4% (ratio = 1.90); E(AS) = 47.5% (ratio = 2.62). Here E(JS) is smaller than E(AS), the normalized values calculated above shaw that E(JS) is larger than E(AS).