Climate is the long-term pattern of weather observations - usually over 30 years - across a region as described by temperature, precipitation, rainfall distribution and growing season (amongst others).
Microclimate, on the other hand, is the climate found in small, local areas such as a city, a back garden or around your school. It is particularly important to gardeners, landscape architects, urban planners and scientists trying to re-establish plant species in the wild. Even if the climate is right, if the microclimte is wrong, some plants will not flourish.
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