Charles Lyell
PRINCIPLES OF GEOLOGY, Chs 10-26
Overview
Geology is...
The science which investigates processes of organic and inorganic
change (167).
- Organic and inorganic processes work in concert (168).
- Geological effects are mixed, the combined result of many
forces in simultaneous operation, not the simple result of single
agents. Their separate analysis is artificial and for heuristic
purposes only (167-168). Be sure to note in chapter 10, for
example, how frequently Lyell reminds us that possible earthquake
activity greatly complicates the inferences one may draw about
past aqueous processes in any given area.
- Organic
Volume 2 deals with organic processes and agents of change.
- Inorganic
Chapters 10 through 26 of volume 1 deal with inorganic processes
and agents of change (167-479).
- Aqueous processes level out the
inequalities of the earth's surface (167).
- Igneous processes increase its unevenness
(167).
- Both aqueous and igneous processes work as instruments of
destruction and decay (to tear down) as well
as renovation and reproduction (to build up).
Lyell analyzes both erosional and
depositional landforms resulting from each
type of agent.
- Current terminology:
- Weathering = in-place breakup of rocks
(physical and chemical).
- Erosion = breakup and transport of rocks
(wind, water, gravity, etc.).
- Thanks to students in GNSC 320 Earth Sciences for much help in
creating the web pages for these chapters!
Outline of chapters
-
- Present-day Aqueous Processes
- 10-11:
Rivers, erosion and transport action of running
water
- 12:
Thermal Springs and Caverns
- Deltas
- 13: Lacustrine
- 14: Marine
- Tides and Currents
- 15: Destruction of British coast
- 16: Destruction of non-British
coasts
- 17: Reproductive effects
- Present-day Igneous Processes
- Volcanos
- 18: Geographical boundaries
- 19: Historical eruptions around
Naples
- 20: Vesuvius
- 21: Etna, Iceland, and Jorullo
- 22: Volcanic archipelagos, "craters of
elevation" theory, igneous rocks
- Earthquakes
- 23: 19th century
- 24: In Calabria, Italy
- 25: 18th century, Lisbon, Temple of
Serapis
- 26: Inquiry into the true causes of
earthquakes
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