II. 5. Family Capniidae

Small, length of body 5-10 mm; Wings variable, apterous, brachypterous, macropterous. Sometimes brachypterous form occurs in male only. Capniidae emerges winter to early spring season (mainly December to April in Japan). The nymphs similar to those of leuctrid though more hairy. The Japanese Capniidae still have problems on the generic status. Though there are three uncertain generic members in Japan, the A genus looks different from any other known genera of this family. The genus Capnia have many species in Japan, most of them are problematic on the nominal applications. The species of Apteroperla (= Allocapniella) are also need to be revised for clarifying the applications.


The Genus Apteroperla Matsumura, 1931

  • Apteroperla Matsumura, 1931a, p. 1426. Type species: Apteroperla yazawai Matsumura, 1931a, by monotype. -- Hanson, 1946, 232; Kohno, 1957, 22.
  • Allocapniella Kawai, 1955a, 8. Type species: Allocapniella monticola Kawai, 1955a [= Apteroperla tikumana (Uéno)], by monotype. -- Kohno, 1957, p. 9; Kawai, 1967, 87. Synonym found by Shimizu (1997).

 

  1. Apteroperla yazawai Matsumura, 1931
    • Apteroperla yazawai Matsumura, 1931a; 1931b, p. 200. Revival from synonym of Eocapnia nivalis by Shimizu, 1997.
    • Apteroperla yazawai: Matsumura, 1933, p. 18 & 28.
    • Apteroperla yazawai: Shimizu, 1997. Lectotype designation: a female from Mts. Tateyama, Honshu; deposited at Hokkaido University Insect Collection.


Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: YAZAWA-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.
Notes: This species is found only on the female, and maybe the same species as one of the representatives.

 

  1. Apteroperla babensis (Kawai, 1967)
    • Allocapniella babensis Kawai, 1967, p. 93, fig. 51 (a-f). Holotype: male (NWU), Babadani Valley, Kurobe, Toyama, at June 9. Illies, 1966, Kawai, 1976.
    • Apteroperla babensis, Shimizu, 1997.


Distribution: Honshu
Japanese name: BABA-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Apteroperla elongata (Kawai, 1967)
    • Allocapniella elongata Kawai, 1967, p. 91, figs, 49 & 50 (a-h). Holotype: male (NWU), Jigokudani Valley, Mts. Tateyama, Toyama, at July 13. Illies, 1966, Kawai, 1976.
    • Apteroperla elongata, Shimizu, 1997.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: NAGA-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Apteroperla verdea (Kawai, 1967)
    • Allocapniella verdea Kawai, 1967, p. 95, fig. 52 (a-f). Holotype: male (NWU), Shigakogen, Nagano, at April 6. Illies, 1966; Kawai, 1976.
    • Apteroperla verdea, Shimizu, 1997.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: TSUYA-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Apteroperla tikumana (Uéno, 1938)
    • Allocapnia tikumana Uéno, 1938, p. 169, figs. 7-11. Holotype: male (missing), Sugadaira, Nagano, February. Claassen, 1940; Kohno, 1952a.
    • Takagriphopteryx tikumana, Kohno, 1954.
    • Allocapniella tikumana, Kawai, 1955a. -- Kohno, 1957; Illies, 1966; Kawai, 1967, 1976.
    • Apteroperla tikumana, Shimizu, 1997.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: CHIKUMA-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.
Notes: This species and the succeeding four species are closely similar to one another.

 

  1. Apteroperla monticola (Kawai, 1955)
    • Allocapniella monticola Kawai, 1955a. Type locality: Mt. Myoko, Niigata. -- Kohno, 1957; Illies, 1966; Kawai, 1967, 1976. This species would be a synonym of this species.
    • Apteroperla monticola, Shimizu, 1997.


Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: YAMA-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Apteroperla sp. A

 

Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: ISSETSU-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Apteroperla sp. B

 

Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: NISETSU-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Apteroperla sp. C

 

Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: SANSETSU-HADAKA-KAWAGERA.

 

 

Genus Capnia Pictet, 1841

  • Capnia Pictet, 1841, p. 318. Type species: Capnia nigra Pictet, designated by Enderlein, 1909, p. 391. Claassen, 1940; Hanson, 1946.
  • Arsapnia Banks, 1897, p. 22. Type species: Arsapnia decepta Banks. Synonym found Claassen, 1924.
  • Capnia (Bolshecapnia) Ricker, p. 478. Type species: Capnia (Bolshecapnia) gregsoni Ricker, by original designation. Synonym found Zwick, 1973, p. 370.

 

 

(the nigra group)

  1. Capnia nigra (Pictet, 1833)
    • Perla nigra Pictet, 1833, p. 61.
    • Capnia conica Klapalek, 1909, p. 101. syn found Aubert, 1959.
    • Capnia maynari Navas, 1917, p. 7. syn. found Aubert, 1952.
    • Capnia apicalis Navas, 1930, p. . syn. found Zwick, 1972.
    • Capnia conica: Okamoto, 1922, p. 7, collected from Sapporo, in May. -- Kohno, 1951.
    • Capnia nigra: Hanson, 1946; Illies, 1955; Aubert, 1959.

 

Distribution: Palearctic; Europe includes British Is. to Shiberia and Hokkaido.
Japanese name: KURO-KAWAGERA.

 

(the flebilis group)

  1. Capnia flebilis Kohno, 1952
    • Capnia flebilis Kohno, 1952a, p. 23, txt-fig. 1 a-g. Holotype, male, March, Higashiyama, Fukushima. -- Kohno, 1957; Illies, 1966; Kawai, 1967, 1976.

 

Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: HIME-KURO-KAWAGERA.

Note. The Capnia breviptera Kawai, 1957 (p. 43, fig. 2 a-h.Holotype, male, Takagamine, Kyoto, March) is probably a synonym of this species.

 

(the takahashii group)

This group probably includes 5-7 species inside Japan. Several species of representatives were recorded from Far Eastern Russia.
 

  1. Capnia japonica Okamoto, 1922
    • Capnia japonica Okamoto, 1922, p. 7. -- Kohno, 1934, p. 279, 1935, p. 534, 1937, p. 372, 1951, p. 113, fig. 2 (a-f), 1954, p. 18, 1957, p. 7, 1964, p. 33; Claassen, 1940, p. 93; Illies, 1966, p. 138; Kawai, 1967, p. 60, 1976, p. 11.
    • Allocapnia sikokuensis Uéno, 1938, p. 170, figs. 12-16. Holotype: male (missiing), Yoshino-gawa, Tokushima, April. -- Claassen, 1940, p. 90. Synonym noted by Kohno, 1951 and treated as to be in Kawai, 1967 and 1976.
    • Allocapnia japonica: Kohno, 1951, p. 113, fig. 2 (a-f).
    • Capnia sikokuensis: Kohno, 1957, p. 7, 1964, p. 33.
    • Capnia yokouchii Kawai, 1957, p. 41, fig. 1 a-e. Holotype, male (missing), Aida-gawa, Aida, Nagano, January. Synonym found by Kawai, 1967.


Note: This species was originally described with a female specimen. Kohno (1934 & 1945) provided additional recodes from Okamoto's designation, and she (1951) provided first description of the male. The type of this species is missing and probably lost. Though the wing venation of the Kohno's species, we should follow the Okamoto's and Kohno's designations. Accordingly, the species described by Kohno (1951) is now regarded as real japonica.

 

  1. Capnia takahashii Okamoto, 1922
    • Capnia takahashii Okamoto, 1922, p. 6; pl. 1, fig. 3. Type: syntypes (male and female), collected from Megro in Tokyo, Honshu, December.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: TAKAHASHI-KURO-KAWAGERA.

Images. Photo (adult)

 

  1. Capnia yasumatsui (Kohno, 1951)
    • Allocapnia yasumatsui Kohno, 1951, p. 111, fig. 1 (a-k). Holotype: a male (LBM), Aizu-wakamatsu, Fikushima, March.
    • Capnia yasumatsui: Kohno, 1957, p. 7, 1964, p. 33; Illies, 1966, p. 151; Kawai, 1967, p. 65, 1976, p. 11.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: YASUMATSU-KURO-KAWAGERA

 

  1. Capnia japonica of Kawai, 1967
    • Capnia japonica: Kawai, 1967 (in part: p. 60, at least fig. A, C and F).

 
Note. This species is different from the actual japonica by having undivided female subgenital plate and the downward apex of epiproct.

 

  1. Capnia sp. A

 
Distribution: Hokkaido.
 

  1. Capnia sp. B

 
Distribution: Honshu.
 

  1. Capnia sp. C

 
Distribution: Honshu.
 
 

(the bituberculata group)

This group probably includes more than 6 species inside Japan.
 

  1. Capnia asakawana Kohno, 1952
    • Capnia asakawana Kohno, 1952a, p. 22, plate 2, figs. a-e. Holotype. Female, Asakawa, Tokyo, February. -- Kohno, 1957, p. 7, Illies, 1966, p. 131; Kawai, 1967, p. 71, fig. 39 (a-b); anakawae [sic]: Kawai, 1976, p. 10.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: ASAKAWA-KURO-KAWAGERA.
 

  1. Capnia bituberculata Uéno, 1929
    • Capnia bituberculata Uéno, 1929, p. 145, fig. 24. Holotype: male (missing), Tsubairo, Hatsushika-cho, Hyogo, Feb. 4. -- Claassen, 1940, p. 92; Kohno, 1957, p. 7; Illies, 1966, p. 135; Kawai, 1967, p. 65, fig. 34 (a-e), 1976, p. 10.
    • Allocapnia bituberculata: Uéno, 1938, p. 171.
    • Capnia naebensis Kawai, 1967, p. 69, figs. 37 & 38 (a-f). Holotype female, Wadagoya, Mt. Naeba, Niigata, collected date March, 12. -- Illies, 1966, p. 142; Kawai, 1976, p. 66. This species must be a synonym of this species.


Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: FUTATOGE-KURO-KAWAGERA.
Notes: This species looks closely similar to Capnia naebensis Kawai, 1967. According to their female terminalia, this names maybe also applyed to this species.
 
 

  1. Capnia kibuneana Kawai, 1957
    • Capnia kibuneana Kawai, 1957, p. 44, fig. 3 a-e. Holotype, male Kibune, Kyoto, Jan. 27. -- Illies, 1966, p. 139; Kawai, 1967, p. 67, fig. 36 (a-b); kubunensis [sic] Kawai, 1976, p. 11.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: KIFUNE-KURO-KAWAGERA.
 

  1. Capnia fukushimana Kohno, 1952
    • Capnia fukushimana Kohno, 1952a, p. 22, plate 2, figs. f-k. Holotype. Male, Fukushima, Fukushima, April. -- Kohno, 1957; Illies, 1966; Kawai, 1967, 1976.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: FUKUSHIMA-KURO-KAWAGERA.
 
 

  1. Capnia shirahatae Kohno, 1952
    • Capnia shirahatae Kohno, 1952a, p. 21, plate 1, figs. h-l. Holotype, male, No-gawa, Odajima, Yamagata, November. -- Kohno, 1957, p. 34; Illies, 1966, p. 147; Kawai, 1967, p. 65, 1976, p. 11.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: SHIRAHATA-KURO-KAWAGERA.
 

  1. Capnia sp. undescribed A

 
Distribution: Honshu (Gifu, Shizuoka).
 

  1. Capnia sp. undescribed B

 
Distribution: Honshu (Ishikawa).
 

  1. Capnia sp. undescribed C

 
Distribution: Honshu (Aomori).
 

  1. Capnia sp. undescribed D

 
Distribution: Honshu (Hyogo).
 
 

Genus Eocapnia Kawai, 1955

  • Type species: Eocapnia yezoensis Kawai, by original designation.

 

  1. Eocapnia nivalis (Uéno, 1929)
    • Capnia nivalis Uéno, 1929, p. 143.
    • Allocapnia nivalis, Uéno, 1938, p. 158. -- Claassen, 1940, p. 90; Kohno, 1942, p. 25.
    • Takagriphopteryx nivalis, Kohno, 1954, p. 15.
    • Eocapnia nivalis, Kawai, 1955a, p. 7. -- Kohno, 1957, p. 9; Illies, 1966, p. 154; Kawai, 1967, p. 83, 1976, p. 12.

 
Distribution: Hokkaido and Honshu.
Japanese name: YUKI-KURO-KAWAGERA. [Other names: SEKKEI-KAWAGERA (Kohno 1957)]
Notes: This species varies in the shapes of male epiproct geographically, and looks includes some subspecies within the distributinal range.

Images: Male (Photo).

 

  1. Eocapnia yezoensis Kawai, 1955
    • Eocapnia yezoensis, Kawai, 1955a, p. 7. -- Kohno, 1957, p. 9; Illies, 1966, p. 155; Kawai, 1967, p. 84, 1976, p. 12.

 
Distribution: Hokkaido.
Japanese name: EZO-YUKI-KURO-KAWAGERA.
 

  1. Eocapnia spec. A

 
Distribution: western Honshu.
Notes: This species looks an undescribed species that is found from Hyogo by Inada (personal com.).
 

  1. Eocapnia spec. B

 
Distribution: central Honshu.
Notes: This species looks an undescribed species that was found from Gifu and Hyogo.
 

  1. "Eocapnia" shigaensis Kawai, 1967

Eocapnia shigaensis, Kawai, 1967, p. 85. -- Illies, 1966, p. 155.

 

    • Distribution: Honshu.
      Japanese name: SHIGA-YUKI-KURO-KAWAGERA.
      Notes: This species looks different from the other species in the structure of epiproct -- it similar to those of Apteroperla, though the thoracic feature agree with the Eocapnia. The systematic position of this species look questionable.

 

Genus Eucapnopsis Okamoto, 1922

  • Eucapnopsis Okamoto, 1922: 8-9. Type species: E. stigmatica Okamoto, by original designation. Hanson, 1946: 234-235, definition of the genus; Kohno, 1952b: 110-111, definition of the genus; Stewart and Stark, 1993: 112-115, description and different diagnosis for the nymph.

The male epiproct is almost identical within the genus: it is suboval, with paired hooks at the apex, darkly sclerotized except for narrow groove along midline. Female sternite 8 with a transverse ovipore in the middle of the segment, whereas it is usually located on the rear margin in the Capniidae.

 

  1. Eucapnopsis stigmatica Okamoto, 1922
    • Eucapnopsis stigmatica Okamoto, 1922. Bull. agric. Exp. Stat. Gov.-Gen. Chosen, Suigen 1: 9. "Syntypes 1 male & 3 females (missing), Minomo, Hyogo, Honshu, Japan, 6. iv. 1915."

 
Distribution. Honshu, Shikoku.
Japanese name. MIJIKAO-KURO-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Eucapnopsis quattuorsegmentata Okamoto, 1922
    • Eucapnopsis 4-segmentata Okamoto, 1922, p. 8. "Syntypes (missing), Toyohira-gawa, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, 15. v. 1916." E. quadri-segmentata [sic]: Kohno, 1964; E. quattuorsegmentata: Illies, 1966; E. quatuorsegmentata [sic]: Kawai, 1967; E. quatrosegmentata [sic]: Kawai, 1976.
    • Eucapnopsis brevicauda Claassen, 1924, p. 55. "Holotype male, Boulder, Colorado, USA." New synonymy?
    • Eucapnopsis stigmatica transversa Aubert, 1959, p. 85. "Syntypes males & females, Himalaya and Karakoram, PAKISTAN." Zhiltzova, 1969: 607. [Nec. auct. Zwick et Sivec, 1980: 67, fig. 4; misidentification.] New synonymy?

 
Distribution: Nearctic and Palearctic, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku).
Japanese name: YONSETSU-KURO-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Eucapnopsis sp. [=E. bulba (Uéno, 1929)]
    • Capnella bulba Uéno, 1929, p. 141, fig. 25 a-c. "Holotype 1male (missing), Shinkawa, Niigata, Honshu, JAPAN."
    • Allocapnia bulla, Uéno, 1938, p. 172.
    • Eucapnopsis stigmatica, Kohno, 1952b, p. 111 (in part) brachypterous form; Kawai, 1967, p. 78 (in part) probably at least fig. 42 b & d.

 
Distribution. Honshu.
Japanese name. UENO-MIJIKAO-KURO-KAWAGERA
Notes: Kohno (1952b) treated E. bulba (Uéno, 1929) as a synonymy of E. stigmatica Okamoto, and noted as if brachypterous specimens are the intraspecific variation of the wings. Wings of above specimens agree with the illustrations of wings both Uéno (1929: fig. 25-A) and Kohno (1952b: fig. 3), and the female subgenital plate of them also agree with the original description.

 

  1. Eucapnopsis undescribed spec. A

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name. YUKI-MIJIKAO-KURO-KAWAGERA
 
 

Genus Takagripopteryx Okamoto, 1922

  • Takagripopteryx Okamoto, 1922, p. 3. Type species: Takagripopteryx nigra Okamoto, by original designation.
  • Allocapnopsis Kawai, 1995, p. 10. Type species: Allocapnia (Allocapnopsis) uenoi Kawai = Takagripopteryx nigra.

 

  1. Takagripopteryx imamurai Kohno, 1954

 
Distribution: Hokkaido.
Japanese name: IMAMURA-KURO-KAWAGERA.

Other names: IMAMURA-OKAMOTO-KUROKAWAGERA (in Kohno 1957).

 

  1. Takagripopteryx jezoensis Kohno, 1954
    • Takagripopteryx jezoensis Kohno, 1954, p. 15, plate 2. Holotype, male, April 2, Kami-shakotsu, Hokkaido.


Distribution: Hokkaido and Honshu.
Japanese name: EZO-KURO-KAWAGERA.

Other names: EZO-OKAMOTO-KUROKAWAGERA (in Kohno 1957).

 

  1. Takagripopteryx nigra Okamoto, 1922
    • Takagripopteryx nigra Okamoto, 1922, p. 4; txt-fig. 1, pl. 1, fig. 1-2. Type: syntypes (male and female), collected from Sapporo, Hokkaido, March to April. -- Uéno, 1929, p. 148, fig. 26 a-g; Kohno, 1952a, p. 26, 1954, p. 15, plate 1; Kawai, 1967, p. 75 (in part), at least the female illustrated in fig. 41-a looks very different from the real female of this species.
    • Allocapnia (Allocapnopsis) uenoi Kawai, 1955a, p. 10. Synonym proposed by Kawai, 1967 probably for the first time.
    • Takagriphopteryx (Allocapnopsis) uenoi: Kohno, 1957, p. 8.

 
Distribution: Hokkaido and Honshu.
Japanese name: OKAMOTO-KURO-KAWAGERA.

 

The Genus Isocapnia Banks, 1938

  1. Isocapnia japonica Kohno, 1953
    • Isocapnia japonica Kohno, 1953, p. 203, figs. 3 (a-n).Holotype: male, collected rom Takada-bashi, (?Aizu-wakamatsushi), April 15.

 
Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: HIMENAGA-KURO-KAWAGERA.

 

  1. Isocapnia spec. A

 
Distribution: Okinawa Island.

Notes: Only two females were collected from Okinawa-jima Island by Shimizu (unpublished data).

 

  1. Isocapnia spec. C

 
Distribution: Honshu (Tokuyama). 

  

The Genus Nemocapnia Banks, 1938

  1. Nemocapnia japonica Kohno, 1953.
  • Nemocapnia japonica Kohno, 1953, p. 200, figs. 1 (a-j) & 2.Holotype: male, collected rom Chusetsu-bashi, Nagara-gawa, Gifu,

 

Distribution: Honshu.

  • Japanese name: FUTO-KURO-KAWAGERA.

Other names: NAMIFUTO-KUROKAWAGERA (in Kohno 1957)

 

Genus incertae sedis A (?New Genus)

  1. "Capnia" naraiensis Kawai, 1957
    • Capnia naraiensis Kawai, 1957, p. 46, fig. 4 a-f. Holotype male, Narai, Shiojiri, Nagano, march, 1952a. Illies, 1966; Kawai, 1967, 1976.

 

Distribution: Honshu.
Japanese name: NARA-KURO-KAWAGERA.
Notes: This species looks different from typical Capnia in having short cerci and unmodified abdominal tergite.

 

  1. Capniidae Gen. spec. B

 

Distribution: Honshu (Yamanashi and Shikoku).
Notes: This species have short cerci consists of several joints, and the male terminalia looks similar to those of Capnia.

 

Paracapnia Hanson, 1940

  1. Paracapnia spec A   


Distribution: Honshu.
Notes: This apterous species found from montain streamlets in early spring.

  1.   Paracapnia spec B   

 
Distribution: Honshu (Hyogo).
Notes: A female was discovered by Inada (personal communication).

REFERENCES

  1. Hanson, J. F. 1946. Comparative morphology and taxonomy of the Capniidae (Plecoptera). American Midland Naturalist, 35: 193-249.
  2. Kawai, T. 1955a. Studies on the holognathous stoneflies of Japan II. Descriptions of two new genera, one new subgenus and three new species of the family Capniidae. Mushi, 28: 5-11.
  3. Kawai, T. 1955b. Outline of Japanese Capniidae. Freshwater Biology (Tansui Seibutu), 2: 4.
  4. Kawai, T. 1957. Studies on the holognathous stoneflies of Japan III: Descriptions of four new species of capniid stoneflies. Mushi, 30: 41-47.
  5. Kawai, T. 1967. Plecoptera (Insecta). Biogeographical Society of Japan, Tokyo.
  6. Kawai, T. 1976. A catalogue of Japanese Plecoptera. Nara Hydrobiology, : 5-46.
  7. Kohno, M. 1934. Notes on Capnia japonia. Insect World (Kontyû Sekai), 2: 279-289.
  8. Kohno, M. 1935. The second notes on Capnia japonica Okamoto. Insect World (Kontyû Sekai), 3: 534-537.
  9. Kohno, M. 1937. Breeding of Capnia japonica Okamoto. Insect World (Kontyû Sekai), 5: 372-381.
  10. Kohno, M. 1951. Description of a new species of Allocapnia Claassen with notes on Allocapnia japonica (Okamoto) (Plecopeta; Capniidae). Annotationes Zoologicae Japonses, 24: 111-114.
  11. Kohno, M. 1952a. Notes on Japanese Capniidae with descriptions of new species (Plecoptera). Mushi, 23: 17-28.
  12. Kohno, M. 1952b. On the genus Eucapnopsis Okamoto (Plecoptera, Capniidae) with description of the larva of E. stigmatica Okamoto. Kontyû, 19: 38-44.
  13. Kohno, M. 1953. New speciies of Capniidae (Plecoptera) from Japan. Philipp. Sci., Manila, 82: 199-206.
  14. Kohno, M. 1954. On the genus Takagripopteryx Okamoto and Allocapnia Claassen (Plecoptera; Capniidae). Mushi, 27: 9-18.
  15. Kohno, M. 1957. Eucapnopsis stigmatica Okamoto found in Himalaya. Shin Kontyû, 10: 35.
  16. Kohno, M. 1964. The List of the Japanese Plecoptera. Gewässer und Abwässer, Düsseldorf, 34/35: 32-36.
  17. Matsumura, S. 1931a. 6000 Illustrated Insects of Japan-Empire (Nihon Kontyu Dai Zukan). Tokoshoin, Tokyo.
  18. Matsumura, S. 1931b. New genera and new species described in "6000 Illustrated Insects of Japan-Empire". Insecta Matsumurana, 6: 199-200.
  19. Matsumura, S. 1933. Illustrated common insects of Japan (Nihon Tuzoku Kontyu Zusetsu). Shunyudo, Tokyo.
  20. Okamoto, H. 1922. Zweiter Beiträg zur Kenntnis der Japanischen Plecopteren. Bulletin of the agricultural Experiment Station, Government-General of Chosen, Suigen, 1: 1-46.
  21. Uéno, M. 1929. Studies on the Stoneflies of Japan. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 4: 97-115.
  22. Uéno, M. 1938. Miscellaneous notes on Japanese Pleecoptera. Kontyû, 12: 166-174.
  23. Uéno, M. & Okamoto, H. 1950. Plecoptera. In Esaki, T. et al. (ed.), Iconographia Insectorum Japonicorum: 76-86. Hokuryukan, Tokyo.
  24. Shimizu, T. 1997. Designation of lectotypes for three Japanese stoneflies (Plecoptera), with reference to the genus Apteroperla Matsumura. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 65: 531-535.
  25. Zhiltzova, L. A. 1979. [Finding of a second species of the genus Takagripopteryx (Plecoptera: Capniidae) in the USSR.] (in Russian). Vestnik zoologii, 1979: 16-19.
  26. Zhiltzova, L. A. 1979. [The stonefly genus Takagripopteryx (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from Sakhalin Island, new for the USSR fauna.] (in Russian). Entomologicheskoe obozrenie, 58: 318-321.















































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