Pesto



A quirky myth would have us believe that ancient Greeks and Romans thought basil would grow only if you screamed wild curses and shouted unintelligibly while planting it.

To this I say phooey: the minute my basil touched root to soil it erupted to enormous proportions - and I’m quite sure I didn’t raise my voice even once. Basil has overrun my sunny suburban porch in a tangled (yet fragrant) jungle and I must now hack through it with a machete in order to find the grill. Luckily, my recipe for pesto demands two packed cups of basil leaves, and batch by verdant batch, I vow to reclaim my property.

One of the world’s most-loved pasta foils originated in Liguria, the “Italian Riveria,” whose capital is Genoa. The Genoese are known to be a tad overprotective of all things local, but perhaps none more so than pesto. It is often said that there are as many different pestos as there are homes in Genoa, but everyone agrees on certain ingredients and standards. True Genoese pesto is composed of the small leaves of a young basil plant, Italian pinoli, mild garlic, coarse salt, parmesiano reggiano, and Ligurian olive oil (a mild, fruity product), all of which are pounded into a paste by hand. The word pesto means “pestle” after all.

Here is where I stumbled. I was under the impression that I had been making absolutely bellissimo pesto with just a pulse or two of the Cuisinart. But in article after article on the subject, I read that I’d been missing out my entire pesto-making life. Real pesto, true pesto, superior pesto can be made only by hand. I was living a lie.

With this earth-shaking knowledge in mind, I resolved to determine once and for all the best method by conducting what I now refer to as the Test o’ Pesto. My experiment was limited by the resources at hand. First, my basil is the voluptuous American kind, not the paler, more diminutive Genoese kind. The robust leaves of my basil plant would be looked at with distain by traditionalists – they say that mature basil takes on an unpleasant minty flavor, and can be oilier than the tender, nubile stuff. Second, I stumbled across some especially heady garlic. Italian garlic tends to be smaller and less pungent. In fact, Italian food’s reputation for being garlicky was created in part because the garlic we use is much stronger, and we tend not to adjust recipes for the difference. Third, I’ll be damned if I can get Italian pinoli around here. They are supposed to be longer, more conical and more delicate than their stubby Chinese cousins, but the later was all I could find. Fourth, I cheated on the cheese. I’m sorry, but I couldn’t bring myself to use my entire slab of $18/ pound Farmstead parmesiano reggiano. I stretched it with some super market stuff (don’t worry, not from the green canister, I’m not that bad). Fifth - and this is controversial – I added some fresh flat-leaf parsley. It’s clearly not traditional, but it is widely accepted as it ups the green in both color and flavor.

On Monday, I whipped up an emerald batch in the food processor. Three cloves garlic, a quarter cup toasted pine nuts, two cups basil leaves, about 10 largish parsley leaves, a generous pinch of coarse salt, a short stream of olive oil (maybe 5 tbs or so?) and a quarter to a third cup parmesan. Jacob and I enjoyed this batch fervently over some linguine. It scored high marks, but it’s hard to judge without a comparison. I reserved some for the face-off.

Last night brought the contender. Lacking a real mortar and pestle, I fashioned a crude substitute out of a mixing bowl and the butt end of a large screwdriver wrapped in saran. The pounding began. I first made a paste with the garlic and salt, then added most of the pine nuts, and a few torn basil leaves. I added the basil, a few leaves at a time, pounding and grinding steadily for about a half an hour. When the leaves looked decimated enough, I drizzled in olive oil, and lastly, stirred in the cheese.

The Test o’ Pesto:
I smeared some of each pesto on pieces of fresh bread. Jacob and I took turns sampling the two.

The results:
Pesto 1 was smooth in consistency. It was pleasant, but gentler, flatter, and a bit oilier. In the dish, it tended to separate so that a pool of bright green oil formed around the solids.

Pesto 2 was chunky, with varying sized leaf fragments (keep in mind – as if one could forget - that I was using a screwdriver as a pestle). It did not separate. It had a strong garlicky sting (though as I mentioned above, I think I hit a pungent clove). It also had a rounder, deeper flavor. As Jacob said, “despite the garlic bite, it tastes fresher.” I agreed. Pesto 1 was quite good, but Pesto 2 was somehow more complete.

Fred Plotkin, connoisseur of music and food, writes that “esters (fragrant compounds) are brought out more by a mortar and pestle than the violent action of the blades of blender or food processor.” Hand-made pesto allows the nuances of flavor to emerge while the food processor tends to dull them. Interestingly, a lot of traditionalists will save time (and elbow grease) by using a blender to make pesto, though they would never touch a food processor. I plan to test this method as well – at least until I get my hands on a real mortar and pestle.

For dinner last night, we ate tuna steak sandwiches, in which the tuna was nestled into toasted French bread, topped with lettuce and tomato, and slathered in a pesto-mayonnaise. I used Pesto 2 for this mixture, adding just a dollop of Hellmans and a little lemon juice. The tuna was seasoned simply with olive oil, salt, pepper, and a drizzle of lemon juice, and was seared on the stove. The heat of the tuna awakened the deep esters (thank you Mr. Plotkin) of the pesto, and they melted into each other in each soul-satisfying bite.

Posted: Fri - August 27, 2004 at 12:09 PM      


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