New Zealand 2008

It is set, first San-Francisco and back by Tokio.

I will go to the North Island first to visit family (Carterton) and friends (Rotorua). After one week I will go by Ferry from Wellington to Picton for a 2 week trip on the South Island.

I will try to add as much info already on what to view or where to stay. This is not normal for me as I like to get surprised, but seems to be the best (as this is the Summer Holiday in New-Zealand) option.

Will add more info over the coming months.

Day 27 - Tokio - Amsterdam

Geography and administrative divisions

Tokyo Metropolis consists of three major parts: the twenty-three special wards (constituting the former Tokyo City); Tama area; and the islands.

The mainland portion of Tokyo lies northwest of Tokyo Bay and measures about 90 km east to west and 25 km north to south. It borders Chiba Prefecture to the east, Yamanashi Prefecture to the west, Kanagawa Prefecture to the south, and Saitama Prefecture to the north. Mainland Tokyo is further subdivided into the special wards (occupying the eastern half) and the Tama area (????) stretching westwards.

This map shows the mainland portion of Tokyo. Colors indicate the twenty-three special wards and Tama. About 249 sq km of reclaimed land on Tokyo Bay (such as Odaiba) has been omitted for clarity. The islands cannot be shown at this scale.

Also within the administrative boundaries of Tokyo Metropolis are two island chains in the Pacific Ocean directly south: the Izu Islands, which are almost parallel to the Izu Peninsula; and the Ogasawara Islands, which stretch more than 1,000 km away from mainland Japan.

Under Japanese law, Tokyo is designated as a to (?, often translated "metropolis"). Its administrative structure is similar to that of Japan's other prefectures. Within Tokyo lie dozens of smaller entities, most of them conventionally referred to as cities. It includes twenty-three special wards (??? -ku) which until 1943 comprised the city of Tokyo but are now separate, self-governing municipalities, each with a mayor and a council, and having the status of a city. In addition to these 23 municipalities, Tokyo also encompasses 26 more cities (? -shi), five towns (? -ch? or machi), and eight villages (? -son or -mura), each of which has a local government. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government is headed by a publicly-elected governor and metropolitan assembly. Its headquarters are in the ward of Shinjuku. They govern all of Tokyo, including lakes, rivers, dams, farms, remote islands, and national parks in addition to its famous neon jungle, skyscrapers and crowded subways.

Jul 26, 2007 5:20 PM

Day 26 - Tokio

Some history

Tokyo's rise to importance can be largely attributed to two men: Tokugawa Ieyasu and Emperor Meiji. In 1603, after unifying the warring states of Japan, Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made Edo (now Tokyo) his base. As a result, the city developed rapidly and grew to become one of the largest cities in the world with a population topping one million by the 18th century. It became the de facto capital of Japan even while the emperor lived in Kyoto, the imperial capital.

After about 263 years, the shogunate was overthrown under the banner of restoring imperial rule. In 1869, the figurehead 17-year-old Emperor Meiji moved to Edo, which was renamed "Tokyo" ("Eastern Capital") the year before. Tokyo was already the nation's political, economic, and cultural center, and the emperor's residence made it a de facto imperial capital as well with the former Edo Castle becoming the Imperial Palace. The city of Tokyo was established, and continued to be the capital until it was abolished as a municipality in 1943 and merged with the "Metropolitan Prefecture" of Tokyo.

Tokyo, like Osaka, has been designed since about the turn of the century (1900) to be rail-centric, that is centered around major train stations in a high density fashion, so suburban railways were built relatively cheaply at street level. This differs from other world cities such as Los Angeles that are low density automobile centric, and though expressways have been built, the basic design hasn't changed to this day.

Tokyo's subway and commuter rail network became the busiest in the world as more and more people moved to the area. In the 1980s, real estate prices skyrocketed during an economic bubble. The bubble burst in the early 1990s and many companies, banks, and individuals were caught with real estate shrinking in value. A major recession followed, making the 1990s Japan's "lost decade" from which it is now slowly recovering.

Tokyo was hit by powerful earthquakes in 1703, 1782, 1812, 1855 and 1923. The 1923 earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 8.3, killed 142,000 people.

Jul 26, 2007 5:19 PM

Day 25 - Christchurch - Auckland - Tokio

Introduction

Tokyo (help·info) (??, T?ky??, literally "Eastern capital") is the de facto capital of Japan,[1] and the most populous city in the country and most populous metropolitan area in the world. Tokyo is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, the home of the Japanese Imperial Family.With a population of over 35 million people in the Greater Tokyo Area[2], Tokyo is one of the largest cities in the world with over 8 million people living in the city alone.[3] It has the largest metropolitan gross domestic product in the world for a city, and it has held the title of the world's most expensive city for a decade.[citation needed]

Prior to 1943, Tokyo was the name of both one of the 47 prefectures of Japan, Tokyo-fu, and the populous city of Tokyo in the eastern half of the prefecture. In 1943 the city and prefecture were merged into a unique prefecture-level government entity, known as T?ky?-to ??? or "Tokyo Metropolis". This administrative region includes the twenty-three "special wards" of the former city, many suburban cities in the western half of the prefecture, and two chains of islands extending south into the Pacific Ocean. About 12 million people, 10 percent of Japan's population, live within Tokyo Metropolis's prefecture boundaries. Tokyo is also home to many of the tallest buildings on Earth.

Tokyo is considered one of the world's major global cities and a megacity. The word "Tokyo" may refer to Tokyo Metropolis as a whole, or only to the main urban mass under its jurisdiction (thus excluding west Tama and Izu / Ogasawara Islands), or even the whole of Greater Tokyo Area, which includes Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Chiba, Gunma, Tochigi, Ibaraki, and Yamanashi prefectures, depending on context. This article refers to Tokyo Metropolis unless otherwise stated.

Jul 26, 2007 5:18 PM

Day 24 - Christchurch

LOCATION - Christchurch Airport

Ideal for airport travellers, the Scenic Circle Russley Hotel is just three minutes drive from Christchurch International Airport by our complimentary shuttle service. The hotel is next to the renowned Russley Golf Course and 15 minutes drive to the city centre. Also close by is the popular Antarctic Centre.

RELAX IN A GARDEN SETTING

Nestled in a lush garden setting with abundant bird life the Scenic Circle Russley Hotel extends a warm welcome. With large social areas as well as extensive conference facilities, the Scenic Circle Russley Hotel is a great place to meet, socialise or simply relax by the pool.

GUEST ROOMS

Scenic Circle Russley Hotel has 71 spacious studio rooms, including double, triple and quad rooms. Interconnecting rooms are available for families and groups.

From Wikipedia

Christchurch (Māori: Ōtautahi) is the regional capital of Canterbury, New Zealand. The largest city in the South Island, it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand. A coastal city, it is situated just north of Banks Peninsula, midway down the South Island's east coast.

The city is named after the Christ Church cathedral, which is itself named after Christ Church, a college at the University of Oxford, and the Cathedral of Oxford. The city was originally known as Christ Church, the written form consolidating by the 1880s.

The usual Māori name Ōtautahi is a shortened form of Te Whenua o Te Potiki-Tautahi - named for the seasonal dwelling of Ngai Tahu chief Tautahi of Port Levy on a bank of the Avon River near to where the Barbadoes Street bridge now stands.

Jul 26, 2007 5:12 PM

Day 23 - Lake Coleridge

“Lake Coleridge: there is stark beauty in this clear, almost royal - blue lake and the brown hills plunging steeply into it, all backed by the sharp, snow covered peaks of the southern alps” (Rosemary Britten, Lake Coleridge, The Power, The People, The Land p15. Hazard Publishing 2000)

The Lake Coleridge landscape has been formed over millions of years. Massive glaciers gouged out the land and earthquakes, wind, rain, frost, and even volcanoes, have all been part of the process that helped form the landscape we have today.

The Pinnacles, Harper River

Lake Coleridge was called Whakamatua by the Maori. The lake area had a plentiful supply of eels and birds. It was an important food gathering stop for trading and raiding parties crossing the Southern Alps seeking precious greenstone(pounamu) from the West Coast

The first Europeans to arrive in the Lake Coleridge area were surveyors. They were mapping out a route through to the gold fields of the West Coast. Runholders taking up vast areas of land, were quick to follow. Pastoralism is still an important land use in the Lake Coleridge Basin

Colin Hyslop’s travelling shop which serviced the Lake Coleridge Basin, bringing knitting wool, fabrics & cotton for the women, & sweets, a rare treat for the children.

The Lake Coleridge area was named after an early member of the Canterbury Association. He was a descendant of the famous English poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

Created by glacier moraine, there is a difference in height of 170 metres between Lake Coleridge and the Rakaia River. This meant it was an ideal site for the country’s first state hydroelectric scheme. It was commenced in 1911 and commissioned in 1914. The power station, small by modern standards, still feeds power into the national grid.

Living accommodation (tents) for the married staff before houses were built in the LaKe Coleridge Village

The Lake Coleridge power station was built to supply electricity to the growing city of Christchurch. It was a massive undertaking at the time. It took three years to complete, becoming operational on 25th November 1914. At the time it was a significant engineering feat as it was built on glacial moraine (base shingle). This had never been achieved before.

Construction workers arrived in 1911 to a wild and bleak landscape. Initially workers were housed in tents and sheds. The winters were harsh which prompted the building of some permanent housing. Later, improved conditions encouraged wives to join their husbands and in 1914 a school began with 15 pupils.

Construction was carried on everywhere at the same time and the village swarmed with workmen, up to 400 at a time. Traction engines, horses, carts and motor lorries carried all the gear necessary for building and living.

Power Station 1913

In 1915 a ‘show home’ was built in the centre of Coleridge Village as an example of an all electric home. The Electric Cottage, now privately owned, can be seen from the village green.

As construction workers moved on, power station staff and their families replaced them. The village took shape with three main streets, houses, a school and shelter belts. One notable superintendent of the power station (1923 - 1953) was Harry Hart MBE. He loved trees. The park-like setting of the village today is due to Harry Hart. He established an arboretum of hardy pines and conifers which remains unique in New Zealand today.

The Electric Cottage

Mona Anderson MBE, a popular 1960's and 70's author of books about the Canterbury high country, is a famous local identity. Mrs Anderson and her husband, Ron, lived across the Wilberforce River at Mt Algidus Station for 35 years. She wrote many books beginning with a best seller ‘A River Rules My Life’ in 1963. Mona was a talented musician, often playing the piano for social gatherings in the village.

From Wikipedia

Lake Coleridge is located in inland Canterbury, in New Zealand's South Island. Located 35 kilometres to the northwest of Methven, it has a surface area of 47 km².

The lake is located to the north of the Rakaia River, and is the site of one of the country's earliest hydroelectric schemes, completed in 1914. The project makes use of the difference in altitude between the lake and river (the lake is 150 metres higher). Both the Harper and Wilberforce Rivers have had some of their flow diverted into the lake.

Jul 26, 2007 5:10 PM

Day 22 - Dunedin

Dunedin

Welcome to a special place in the heart of Dunedin City, New Zealand.

This unique stately residence at 295 Rattray Street, Dunedin, has been completely refurbished into a boutique hotel in Dunedin with 15 centrally heated rooms, all with new en suites.

The Brothers Boutique Hotel in Dunedin offers:

A mixture of convenience, history, charm and elegance

Spectacular views of city & harbour

Ample free off-street parking

Quality centrally heated rooms all with new en suites

Continental Breakfast included in Tariff

Only six minutes walk from city centre, restaurants & bars

The Christian Brothers Order had been on the property at 295 Rattray street since 1876 and the current stately residence was built in the early 1920s in the area known as the "Vatican" district.

At one time the huge residence housed up to 13 Brothers. In March 2005 there were only four remaining.

The Christian Brothers for most of its history has been associated with education. In Dunedin it has been involved in Christian Brothers junior and High schools, St Pauls, St Edmunds and in recent times at Kavanagh College

Phone: +64 3 477 0043

NZ Freephone: 0800 477 004

Fax: +64 3 477 0070

Address:

295 Rattray Street

Dunedin

New Zealand

http://www.brothershotel.co.nz/

From Wikipedia

Dunedin (Ōtepoti in Maori) is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the region of Otago. It is New Zealand's fifth largest city in terms of population, it is the hub of the fifth-largest urban area and the largest in size of council boundary areas. For historical and cultural reasons, Dunedin is considered one of the country's four main centres.

The city stands on the hills and valleys surrounding the head of Otago Harbour. The harbour and hills are the remnants of an extinct volcano. It is the home of the University of Otago.

History

Main article: History of Dunedin

Modern archaeology favours a date round 1100 AD for the first human (Māori) occupation of New Zealand with population concentrated along the south east coast. A camp site at Kaikai's Beach, near Otago Heads, has been dated from about that time. There are numerous Archaic (moa hunter) sites in what is now Dunedin, several of them large and permanently occupied, particularly in the fourteenth century. Population contracted but expanded again with the evolution of the Classic culture which saw the building of several pa, fortified settlements, notably Pukekura at (Taiaroa Head), about 1650. There was a settlement in what is now central Dunedin (Ōtepoti) occupied as late as about 1785 but abandoned by 1826.

Maori tradition tells first of people called Kahui Tipua living in the area, then Te Rapuwai, semi-legendary but considered to be historical. The next arrivals were Waitaha followed by Kati Mamoe late in the sixteenth century and then Kai Tahu (Ngai Tahu in modern standard Māori) who arrived in the mid seventeenth century. These migration waves have often been represented as 'invasions' in European accounts but modern scholarship has cast doubt on that. They were probably migrations like those of the European which incidentally resulted in bloodshed.

The sealer John Boultbee recorded in the 1820s that the 'Kaika Otargo' (settlements around and near Otago Harbour) were the oldest and largest in the south.

Captain James Cook stood off what is now the coast of Dunedin between February 25 and March 5, 1770, naming Cape Saunders on the Otago Peninsula and Saddle Hill. He reported penguins and seals in the vicinity, which led sealers to visit from the beginning of the 19th century. The early years of sealing saw a feud between sealers and local Maori, from 1810-1823, sparked by an incident on Otago Harbour, but William Tucker became the first European to settle in the area in 1815. Permanent European occupation dates from 1831 when the Weller brothers founded their whaling station at Otago, modern Otakou on the Otago Harbour. Epidemics reduced the Maori population. By the late 1830s the harbour was an international whaling port. Johnny Jones established a farming settlement and a mission station, the South Island's first, at Waikouaiti in 1840.

The Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland founded Dunedin at the head of Otago Harbour in 1848 as the principal town of its Scottish settlement. The name comes from Dùn Èideann, the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the Scottish capital. Charles Kettle the city's surveyor, instructed to emulate the characteristics of Edinburgh, produced a striking, 'Romantic' design. The result was both grand and quirky streets as the builders struggled and sometimes failed to construct his bold vision across the challenging landscape. Captain William Cargill, a veteran of the war against Napoleon, was the secular leader. The Reverend Thomas Burns, a nephew of the poet Robert Burns, was the spiritual guide.

In 1852, Dunedin became the capital of the Otago Province, the whole of New Zealand from the Waitaki south. In 1861 the discovery of gold at Gabriel's Gully, to the southwest, led to a rapid influx of population and saw Dunedin become New Zealand's first city by growth of population in 1865. The new arrivals included many Irish, but also Italians, French, Germans, Jews and Chinese.

Dunedin and the region industrialised and consolidated, and the Main South Line connected the city with Christchurch in 1878 and Invercargill in 1879. The University of Otago, the oldest university in New Zealand, was founded in Dunedin in 1869. Otago Girls' High School (1871) is said to be the oldest state secondary school for girls in the Southern Hemisphere. Between 1881 and 1957, Dunedin was home to cable trams, being both one of the first and last such systems in the world. Early in the 1880s the inauguration of the frozen meat industry, with the first shipment leaving from Port Chalmers, saw the beginning of a later great national industry.

After ten years of gold rushes the economy slowed but Julius Vogel's immigration and development scheme brought thousands more especially to Dunedin and Otago before recession set in again in the 1880s. In these first times of prosperity many institutions and businesses were established, New Zealand's first daily newspaper, art school, medical school and public art gallery Dunedin Public Art Gallery among them. There was also a remarkable architectural flowering producing many substantial and ornamental buildings. R.A. Lawson's First Church of Otago and Knox Church are notable examples, as are buildings by Maxwell Bury and F.W. Petre. The other visual arts also flourished under the leadership of W.M. Hodgkins. The city's landscape and burgeoning townscape were vividly portrayed by George O'Brien 1821-1888. From the mid 1890s the economy revived. Institutions such as the Otago Settlers Museum and the Hocken Collections – the first of their kind in New Zealand – were founded. More notable buildings such as the Railway Station and Olveston were erected. New energy in the visual arts represented by G.P. Nerli culminated in the career of Frances Hodgkins.

By 1900, Dunedin was no longer the country's biggest city. Influence and activity moved north to the other centres ("the drift north"), a trend which continued for much of the following century. Despite this, the university continued to expand, and a student quarter became established. At the same time people started to notice Dunedin's mellowing, the ageing of its grand old buildings, with writers like E.H. McCormick pointing out its atmospheric charm. In the 1930s and early 1940s a new generation of artists such as M.T. (Toss) Woollaston, Doris Lusk, Anne Hamblett, Colin McCahon and Patrick Hayman once again represented the best of the country's talent. The Second World War saw the dispersal of these painters, but not before McCahon had met a very youthful poet, James K. Baxter, in a central city studio.

Jul 26, 2007 5:08 PM

Day 21 - Catlins

Catlins

With a unit to meet your every need, 2 minutes walk to the bathing and surfing beach, shop, cafe bar, take away, and 30 minute bush walk. Wildlife surrounds us from penguins to seals and nearby more beaches with their own eco-environment and magnificent waterfalls. We are situated at 11 Rata Street, Kaka Point, South Otago, New Zealand and only one hour from Dunedin Airport. We are 10 to 15 minutes drive to several restaurants.

We can accommodate you with luxury spa units, a spa unit, one and two bedroom units, studio units and economy options.

Free Phone: 0800 525 278

International Callers+64 3 4128 602

http://www.catlins.co.nz/

From Wikipedia

The Catlins (sometimes referred to as The Catlins Coast) is an area in the southeastern corner of the South Island of New Zealand. The area is between Balclutha and Invercargill, and is in both the Otago and Southland regions. It includes the South Island's southernmost point, Slope Point.

The Catlins is a rugged, sparsely populated area, noted for its scenic coastal landscape and its dense temperate rainforest, both of which are home to many endangered species of birds. Its exposed location leads to its frequently wild weather and heavy ocean swells, which are an attraction to big-wave surfers.

Ecotourism is now a growing factor in the economy, which otherwise relies heavily on dairy farming and fishing. The region's early whaling and forestry industries have long since died away, along with the coastal shipping that led to several tragic shipwrecks. Only some 1,200 people now live in the area, many of them in the settlement of Owaka.

Geography

The Catlins area covers some 1900 km² (730 sq mi) and is roughly triangular in shape, extending up to 50 km (30 mi) inland and along a stretch of coast 90 km (60 mi) in extent. It is bounded to the northeast and west by the mouths of two large rivers, the Clutha River in the northeast and the Mataura River in the west. To the north and northwest, the rough bush-clad hills give way to rolling pastoral countryside drained and softened by the actions of tributaries of these two rivers such as the Pomahaka River.

The Catlins boasts a rugged, scenic coastline. Natural features include sandy beaches, blowholes, a petrified forest at Curio Bay, and the Cathedral Caves, which are accessible at low tide. Much of the coastline is high cliff, with several faces over 150 m (500 ft) in height, and the land rises sharply from the coast at most points. For this reason, many of the area's rivers cascade over waterfalls as they approach the ocean (notably the iconic Purakaunui Falls on the short Purakaunui River).

The South Island's southernmost point, Slope Point, is close to the southwestern corner of the Catlins. To the west of this lies Waipapa Point, often considered the boundary of the Catlins region, beyond which lies the swampy land around the mouth of the Mataura River at the eastern end of Toetoes Bay. The western boundary of the Catlins region is not well-defined, however, and some more stringent definitions exclude even Slope Point.

The interior of the Catlins is dominated by several parallel hill ranges separated by the valleys of the Owaka, Catlins and Tahakopa Rivers, which all drain southeastwards into the Pacific Ocean. The most notable of these ranges is the Maclennan Range. Between them, these hills are often simply referred to as the Catlins Ranges. Their northwestern slopes are drained by several tributaries of the Clutha and Mataura Rivers, most notably the Mokoreta River, which flows mainly westwards, reaching the Mataura close to the town of Wyndham.

The highest point in the Catlins is Mount Pye, at 720 m (2361 ft), which is located 25 km (15 mi) north-northeast of Waikawa and close to the source of the Mokoreta River, and marks part of the Otago-Southland border. Other prominent peaks above 600 m (2000 ft) include Mount Rosebery, Catlins Cone, Mount Tautuku, and Ajax Hill.

Several small lakes are found in the Catlins, notably scenic Lake Wilkie close to the Tautuku Peninsula. Catlins Lake, near Owaka, is actually the tidal estuary of the Catlins River.

The Catlins coast is notoriously dangerous for mariners, and there have been many shipwrecks on the headlands that jut into the Pacific Ocean here. Two lighthouses stand at opposite ends of the Catlins to help prevent further mishaps. The Nugget Point lighthouse stands 76 m (250 ft) above the water at the end of Nugget Point, casting its light across a series of eroded stacks (the "nuggets" which give the point its name). It was built in 1869–70. The Waipapa Point light, which stands only 21 m (70 ft) above sea level, was the last wooden lighthouse to be built in New Zealand, and was constructed in 1884 in response to the tragic 1881 wreck of the Tararua. Both of these lighthouses are now fully automated.

Due to its position at the southern tip of New Zealand, the Catlins coastline is exposed to some of the country's largest ocean swells, often over 5 m (16 ft). Big wave surfing is developing into a regional attraction, with regular competitions and feats like Dunedin surfer Doug Young's award-winning 11 m (36 ft) wave in 2003 gathering publicity for the sport.

Jul 26, 2007 5:07 PM

Day 20 - Milford Sound

Milford Sound

When the day visitors depart a silence descends. An overnight cruise amidst spectacular Milford Sound, is a ‘once in a lifetime’ experience.

Real Journeys offers three overnight cruise options at Milford Sound. Each cruise offers passengers a relaxing opportunity to explore the magnificent scenery and wildlife of Milford Sound. They do, however, differ in terms of accommodation – Milford Mariner private cabins with ensuite bathrooms (60 passengers), Milford Wanderer bunk style accommodation (61 passengers) and M.V. Friendship bunk-style accommodation (12 passengers).

The Milford Mariner offers you a very special dinner, bed and breakfast experience. On board the Milford Mariner you will cruise the full length of this spectacular fiord to the Tasman Sea before anchoring for the night in sheltered Harrison Cove. With our nature guide you can go exploring in the tender craft and kayaks or simply relax on deck. After the days activities, enjoy a delicious evening buffet in the spacious saloon before retiring to your private cabin.

Real Journeys

P.O. Box 1, Lakefront Drive

Te Anau, New Zealand

Freephone 0800 65 65 01 (within NZ)

Tel +64 3 249 7416

Fax +64 3 249 7022

Email reservations@realjourneys.co.nz

http://www.realjourneys.co.nz

From Wikipedia

Milford Sound, also known as Piopiotahi in Maori, is located in the south west of New Zealand's South Island. Although called Milford Sound, it is more accurately classified as a fjord. Milford Sound, the most famous tourist site of New Zealand, is situated within the Fiordland National Park which is in turn part of the Te Wahipounamu World Heritage site.

Milford Sound is named for Milford Haven in Wales, and the Cleddau River which flows into it is similarly named for its Welsh namesake. The Maori name for the sound, Piopiotahi, means first native thrush.

Geography

Milford Sound runs 15 kilometres inland from the Tasman Sea and is surrounded by sheer rock faces that rise 1200 metres or more on either side. Lush rain forests cling precariously to these cliffs, while seals, penguins, and dolphins frequent the waters.

With a mean annual rainfall of 6813 mm on 182 days a year, a high level even for the West Coast, Milford Sound is known as the wettest place in New Zealand and one of the wettest in the world. Rainfall can reach 250 mm during a span of 24 hours. The rainfall creates dozens of temporary waterfalls (as well as a number of major, more permanent ones) cascading down the cliff faces, some reaching a thousand meters in length. Smaller falls from such heights may never reach the bottom of the sound, drifting away in the wind.

Accumulated rainwater can at times cause portions of the rain forest to lose their grip on the sheer cliff faces, resulting in tree avalanches into the Sound. The regrowth of the rain forest after these avalanches can be seen in several locations along the Sound.

Tourism

Overview

The natural beauty of this landscape draws thousands of visitors each day, with over 550,000 in total per year. This makes the Sound one of New Zealand's most visited tourist spots, and also the most famous New Zealand tourist destination, even with its remote location and the long journey from the nearest population centres. Almost all tourists going to the sound also take one of the boat tours which usually last between 1-2 hours. They are offered by several companies, departing from the Milford Sound Visitors' Centre.

Hiking (tramping, in New Zealand English) and canoeing are also possible. A small number of companies also provides overnight boat trips. There is otherwise only limited accommodation at the sound, and only a very small percentage of tourists stay more than the day.

An underwater observatory provides viewing of black coral, usually only found in much deeper waters. A dark surface layer of fresh water, stained by tannins from the surrounding forest, allows the corals to grow close to the surface here.

Transport

Main article: Transport in Milford Sound

Milford Sound is located about five hours' drive from Queenstown, many tour buses to the Sound depart from there, with some tourists also departing from the closer (and much smaller) tourism centre of Te Anau. There are also scenic flights by light aircraft and helicopter tours. The drive to Milford Sound itself passes through unspoiled mountain landscapes before entering the 1.2-kilometer Homer Tunnel which emerges into rain-forest carpeted canyons that descend to the sound. The mountain road is very winding, and while of high standards, very prone to avalanches and closures during the winter half of the year.

The long distance to the Sound means that tourist operators from Queenstown all depart very early in the day, arriving back only late in the evening - this ensures that most tourists visit Milford Sound within a few hours around midday, leading to some congestion on the roads and at the tourist facilities during the main season. This peak time demand is also the reason for the large number of tour boats available at the Sound at the same time.

Over the years, various options of short-cutting the distance to Milford Sound from Queenstown have been mooted, including a gondola route, a new tunnel from Queenstown, or a monorail from near Lake Wakatipu to Te Anau Downs. All would cut short the long round trip via Te Anau, thus allowing tourism to be spread out over more of the day. While the Gondola is considered to be out of the running after the DOC refused it for environmental reasons, the two other options are aiming to start consenting processes in 2007.

Milford Sound can also be reached on foot as the final destination of the several-day Milford Track.

Other aspects

On 8 February 2004 a spill of 13,000 litres of diesel fuel was discovered, resulting in a 2 kilometer oil spill which closed the sound for two days while intensive cleanup activities were completed. Apparently a hose was used to displace the fuel from the tanks of one of the tour vessels, and various government officials claimed it appeared to be an act of ecoterrorism motivated by rising numbers of tourists to the park, though more details did not become known. The spill has been removed and damage to the park's wildlife appears to have been minimal.

Near Milford Sound are also locations used to film some of the scenes of the Argonath in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.

Jul 26, 2007 5:07 PM

Day 19 - Lake Wanaka

Lake Wanaka is truly a resort of 4 seasons and literally hundreds of activities. From sedate to strenuous, Wanaka has some thing to offer everyone.

Autumn - Low off-season rates, unsurpassed scenery and generally mild calm weather will ensure a holiday to remember. Two days or two weeks? This is the time to see Wanaka at its finest. Bring your camera and lots of film!!! Leave Wanaka and drive towards Treble Cone. Glendhu Bay offers views of unparalleled beauty. The autumn colours of the Southern Lakes area really do have to be seen to be believed. From Wanaka you can search out and enjoy a photographic moment at every turn. Arrowtown, Lake Hayes, the Cardrona Valley are but a few of the places to guarantee an attack of camera clickitis!! There is never a better time to enjoy a round of golf with views from fairways and greens unrivalled anywhere. Autumn is a wonderful time to explore the region's vineyards. Central Otago is fast becoming acknowledged as one of the premium Pinot grape growing areas in the world. We can supply a map, or you may wish to take a conducted tour. Either way, give your tastebuds a treat and spend a few hours on a wine tasting excursion.

Winter and Skiing - CARDRONA and TREBLE CONE Ski areas are about 25 to 35 minutes drive from Lake Wanaka.

Cardrona faces south to catch plenty of cold dry snow and is possibly one of the most enjoyable intermediate ski areas in the world.

From first timers to advanced skiers EVERYONE has a great time at Cardrona. Wide open obstacle free runs ensure that even beginner skiers can enjoy the whole mountain after as little as 3 days skiing. For the more advanced skiers, yes there are steeps. The N.Z. Extreme skiing competition is held here each year.

Enjoy a glorious drive round Lake Wanaka, and 25 minutes later you in the car park at Treble Cone, the most scenic ski area in Australasia. The MORO EXPRESS 6-person high-speed lift ensures as much skiing as your legs can handle. The wide open saddle basin can now be skied from top to bottom. The scenery … spectacular.

Don’t forget Heli Skiing. Wanaka is situated in thousands of square kilometres of terrain utilised by Harris Mountain Heli Ski. With new wide skis, skiers of all abilities can enjoy the experience of a lifetime. Take the opportunity to ski smooth untouched snow in the heart of the mountains. Beginners can enjoy gentle rolling slopes that are guaranteed not to intimidate. High on the Pisa Range opposite Cardrona ski field is Waiorau Snowfarm, home of N.Z. cross-country skiing. Enjoy majestic scenery while skiing kilometres of groomed trails.

As we are keen skiers we try to anticipate your every need to ensure you have a great holiday staying at Bayview Motel. We provide a ski workbench to keep your skis in tiptop condition, drying room, secure ski storage and free ski videos to provide inspiration. (Also see New Zealand Ski Areas & Heli-Ski Sites).

Summer and Spring - Wanaka literally bursts into colour in October. Why not visit the world renowned Alexandra Blossom Festival; just an hours drive away. Wanaka has its own special attractions, including outstanding garden walks and nursery displays. Take a 4 wheel drive trip to the top of the Criffel Range to enjoy unsurpassed panoramic views of Wanaka and Lake Hawea or spend a leisurely few hours horse riding.

As the days lengthen and the temperature rises, enjoy our long twilight evenings and hot summer days. This is an ideal time to relax and fish for large, or very large trout. Visit Lake Hawea, 15 km away and the home of some of the best fishing in the Southern Lakes.

Para Pont from the lakes edge almost in the centre of town. Just 26 kilometres from Wanaka is the entrance to Mt. Aspiring National Park, a World Heritage Area. This is an alpine wilderness of bush, glaciers, lakes, and hanging valleys. It is also your gateway to a host of activities. Day walks, tramping or multi day treks; the range is endless. Rock climbing, abseiling, canyoning, Mountaineering are all catered for, so you can learn a new skill or be fully guided into this magnificent area.

Lake Wanaka and the surrounding rivers are a canoe enthusiast’s delight. Coast down the smooth waters of the Matukituki River winding its way through alpine valleys or seek out the turbulent stretches which abound near Lake Wanaka. Take the opportunity to visit Stuart Landsborough’s Puzzling World. Famous for his 3 dimensional maze, and now with a host of new attractions.

Wanaka is also famous for the collection of World War 2 fighter planes at the New Zealand Fighter Pilots Museum. Every alternate Easter tens of thousands watch these planes together with other restored aircraft from all over the world perform during WARBIRDS OVER WANAKA air show.

Do you wish to appreciate the dazzling splendour of the Southern Alps? Any of the scenic flights leaving from Wanaka can transport you for a few minutes or a few hours to scenes of magnificent splendour.

Wanaka Activities

On the Lake or In the Lake: Boating, fishing, yachting, windsurfing, jet ski, jet boating, cruising, water ski, Para ponting, swimming, sailing.

On the river: canoe, rafting. river surfing (white water sledging)

On the hills: Walking, climbing, hiking, 4x4 wheel driving, horse riding and trekking, mountain biking.

On the big hills (mountains): Rock climbing, mountaineering, abseiling, para ponting, skiing, snowboarding; cross-country skiing, heli skiing, snow ball fights and even mountain biking.

Around the town: Golf, Puzzle World, wine tasting, dining, mountain biking, strolling, sipping, and then dine some more.

Airport attractions: N.Z. Fighter Pilots Museum, fly a tiger moth or a World War 2 Mustang, Visit the transport museum, scenic flights, flightseeing or parachute jumping. Visit a micro brewery.

Jul 26, 2007 5:06 PM

Day 18 - Wanaka

Wanaka lodge accommodation at its best.

The Homestead is a new Wanaka lodge, located just 200m from the shores of Lake Wanaka. This friendly Wanaka lodge has five guest bedrooms, a guest lounge, log fires, under-the-stars hot tub and spacious comfortable ensuite bedrooms with superking or twin beds. Purpose-built with all the comforts of modern living in mind, but with sensitivity to traditional styles, this Wanaka lodge radiates warmth and character.

Overlooking Wanaka Station Park, the lodge can also serve as a great accommodation base for small weddings, conferences or other exclusive uses. Recently rated "Qualmark 4 star plus", this Wanaka lodge was just one percent short of the 5 star maximum.

Accommodation choices

This Wanaka lodge prides itself on choice with either "room only" or "bed and breakfast" options in the lodge; or self-contained accommodation in one of two charming cottages.

Lodge details

The lodge offers informal sophistication in five spacious super-king or twin bedrooms. Each guest bedroom has ensuite facilities, fine linen, telephone, writing desk and other special touches designed to make you feel at home. The point of difference for the "master" bedroom is a huge California king bed and double showers and basins. Awaken to coffee aromas and a delicious continental and/or cooked breakfast prepared by your friendly hosts. The comfortable guest lounge is yours to enjoy and by evening is the ideal place to sample a local wine or beer by the roaring log fire of this friendly little Wanaka lodge.

Whether you prefer bed and breakfast or a "room only" option, the facilities are always complimentary and fruit, tea, coffee and treats are bottomless.

Wanaka lodge facilities

Broadband Internet access on our guest Internet Station, laundry, huge under-the-stars hot tub, barbecues, bicycles, an outside fireplace, equipment storage, drying room, off-road parking, and accessible facilities. All facilities at this Wanaka lodge are included in the tariff.

From Wikipedia

Wanaka is a town in the Central Otago region of the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated at the southern end of Lake Wanaka, adjacent to the outflow of the lake to the Clutha River. It is the gateway to Mount Aspiring National Park. Wanaka is primarily a resort town but has both summer and winter seasons and is based around the many outdoor opportunities. Due to the growing tourism business and the increasing number of retirees in Wanaka, there is massive growth occurring, up to 50% in 10 years.

The town is part of the Queenstown-Lakes District and was called Pembroke until 1940. It was originally settled during the gold rush excitement in the 19th century.

Wanaka is serviced by Wanaka Airport as well as roads over Crown Range, from the West Coast and to the north.

History

The lake was first seen by a European in 1853, Nathanial Chalmers, but he was guided by a sketch map from Chief Te Huruhuru at Waimate.

This area was first settled by Europeans in the 1850s, with initial settling focusing around Albert Town. This was the only spot to ford the Clutha River. First surveying of the current Wanaka site occurred in 1863[2] Settlement increased in Pembroke (the old name for Wanaka) in the 1870s because of the amount of time milling in the Matukituki Valley and the use of Lake Wanaka for transport. Tourism started in the town in 1867 with the opening of the first hotel, by Theodore Russell. The site proved very popular for tourism because of its temperate climate and easy access to snow and water.

Geography

The town of Wanaka is situated at the Southern end of Lake Wanaka. It is surrounded by mountains. To the east of the town is Queenstown, to the north west a pass through the Southern Alps to Makaroa. To the north are the towns of Omarama and Twizel. Very close to Lake Wanaka there also is Lake Hawea, in a parallel glacial valley, which also has a recently developed settlement of about 1,500 people. To the south of the town lies more of the Southern alps but close to the town is the Glendu Bay motorpark, leading into the Matukituki River valley. This gives access to the Mount Aspiring National Park

Wanaka has a typical New Zealand weather pattern, with four regular seasons each year. Wanaka averages 682mm rainfall per year. Much of the rainfall comes during the springtime, with the weather approaching from the North west. The September - December period is considered the worst for weather.

The centre of the town is on flat, floodwater at the head of the lake. Parts of the town then grow up into the hills around the town and also around the lake in both directions. This lake makes parts of the town prone to occasional flooding in spring, when heavy rain and snowmelt can cause the lake to rise dramatically, such as those in November 1999.

Attractions

These days, with its beautiful lake and mountain views, Wanaka has become a popular tourist resort, loved by many for being less commercialised than Queenstown.

Wanaka boasts a growing number of excellent restaurants, cafes and a diverse nightlife. Other attractions in the town include Puzzling World and the Paradiso Cinema. Puzzling World contains a 3d maze, optical illusions and a leaning tower. The Paradiso is a classic old cinema, with seating of old coaches, chairs and a car. The walls are covered in movie posters and food, wine and beer is available at the interval. It is a unique experience. There are a number of wineries in the area.

Summer

Wanaka is host to some of New Zealand's best outdoor recreation with world-class mountain biking, hiking, climbing, mountaineering, fishing, paragliding, and watersports of all kinds. With one of New Zealand's sunniest climates, Wanaka is truly an adventure paradise. It is the access point to the highest mountain outside of the Mount Cook region, Mt Aspiring.

Mount Aspiring National Park is very popular for the mountaineering and hiking options. Day trips are very common for most tourists and many people will be found in the park for up to a week at a time. Mount Aspiring hut has become a very popular tourist stop[citation needed]. The other parts of the Matukituki Valley are popular for the rock climbing and walking opportunities.

Lake Wanaka itself is popular for waterskiing, wakeboarding and sailing. This along with the local rivers provide many opportunities for fishing. There is a dedicated mountain biking area made by volunteers in some local plantation pine forest. All the local ski resorts open for mountain biking and hiking in the summer.

Winter

Hiking to the summit of Treble Cone

Nearby are Treble Cone, Cardrona Alpine Resort and Snow Park, some of New Zealand's premier commercial ski fields. Wanaka is the main accommodation provider for these resorts and so is very busy in high season(July-September). It is also close to Snow Farm.

Treble Cone has a reputation among New Zealanders as having the best lift accessed terrain in the country and for this reason has developed a cult following, 'ConeHeads'.[9] It also catches some of the better snow in the area, with its location and orientation getting more snow from NW storms. Cardrona is more attractive to families and beginners, though an attempt has been made at the park riding population in competition with SnowPark.[10] Snowpark is a dedicated 100% man made terrain park for advanced riders.

Jul 26, 2007 5:05 PM

Day 17 - Moeraki

Wilderness Lodge Moeraki

Spectacular beaches that are home to fur seals and crested penguins, untouched lowland rainforests spread between pristine lakes and rivers which drain the snow capped Southern Alps. Few places on earth can match the unique natural setting of the Wilderness Lodge Lake Moeraki in the heart of the 2.7 million hectares South West New Zealand World Heritage Area, Te Wahi Pounamu ( Maori translation: the place of greenstone jade)

Husband and wife owners, teacher Anne Saunders and biologist Dr. Gerry McSweeney arrived at Lake Moeraki (Maori translation: "to sleep by day") in 1989 from Wellington where Gerry was director of New Zealand's largest environmental organisation. They set up the lodge to help protect the rainforests and share this extraordinary natural setting with visitors.

The Lodge is landscaped in a lakeside clearing surrounded by 1000 year old rainforest trees. It offers a high level of comfort in attractive Lodge rooms (all rooms have private bathrooms) with lounges and restaurant that overlook the lovely Moeraki rapids. A relaxed drink and meal in the tranquil Moeraki Lounge as you watch the river roll by, native birds and trout jumping is a wonderful tonic in a hectic world.

West Coasters Dorothy Piper and Malcolm Edwards are the managers at Lake Moeraki and have a team of enthusiastic young New Zealanders keen to share their Wilderness with you. Anne and Gerry still own Lake Moeraki and they visit frequently to help and keep in daily contact. They are now managing their new Wilderness Lodge at Arthur's Pass in the heart of the Southern Alps, a day's drive from Lake Moeraki.

Postal Address: Private Bag 772, Hokitika, New Zealand

Phone: International: 64 3 7500 881 New Zealand: 03 7500 881

Fax: International: 64 3 7500 882 New Zealand: 03 7500 882

Email: lakemoeraki@wildernesslodge.co.nz

http://www.wildernesslodge.co.nz/lakemoeraki

From Wikipedia

Moeraki is a small fishing village on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It was once the location of a whaling station. In the 1870s, local interests believed it could become the main port for the north Otago area and a railway line, the Moeraki Branch, was built to the settlement and opened in 1877. However, the port could not compete with Oamaru and the lack of traffic as well as stability problems caused by difficult terrain led to the closure of the railway in 1879 after only two years of operation.

The village is best known for the nearby Moeraki Boulders.

Name

'Moeraki' is usually translated as 'sleepy sky'. There are other places with the same name or versions of it, all along the path from the Polynesian homeland, Hawaiki

History

The south side of the Moeraki Peninsula has an Archaic (moa hunter) Maori site at Waimataitai lagoon, which Atholl Anderson dated as 13th century, placing it in the second wave of New Zealand's early human occupation. Gavin McLean tentatively linked its occupants to Waitaha, conventionally the third iwi, or tribe, to arrive in southern New Zealand, after Kahui Tipua and Te Rapuwai. Waitaha's expedition leader was Rakaihautu. However, as McLean notes, 'Waitaha' is also a name simply used to designate all the peoples preceding Kati Mamoe and Kai Tahu ('Ngati Mamoe' and 'Ngai Tahu' in modern standard Maori) the last two arrivals before the European. It is safe to say Waimatatai is a 'Waitaha' site in that broad sense but there are no specific families it can be linked to.

The Moeraki peninsula terminates to the south in Kartigi Point ('Katiki' in modern standard Maori) where there was a Maori pa (fortified settlement) of the Classic period of Maori culture. Its traditional name was Te Raka-a-hineatua. According to tradition it was built by Taoka, a well known fighting chief of the late 17th to early 18th centuries, who also built fortresses at the Ashburton River and near Timaru. Shortly after it was built it was attacked by a party from Kaikoura who were successfully repulsed by Taoka in the battle known as Te Hakopa. Taoka was also in battle with chiefs further south at Huriawa (modern Karitane Peninsula), Mapoutahi (modern Goat Island Peninsula) and Pukekura (modern Taiaroa Head). Taoka's principal opponent was Te Wera. Jill Hamel has reported there were terraces, the best developed of any southern pa, and rectangular houses with stone fireplaces. Radio carbon dating has confirmed it was occupied in the 18th century.

It used to be said Moeraki, like many other places on the east coast, was not a site of permanent occupation in pre-European times, but a major study, published in 1996, shows that is unlikely.

Moeraki was traversed during the Sealers' War, also known as the War of the Shirt, in 1814. In that year a party of eight men under Robert Brown including two other Europeans and five lascars, or Indian seamen, came up the east coast from Stewart Island looking for a group of lascars who had absconded from the Matilda, Captain Samuel Fowler. According to the Creed manuscript, discovered in 2003, they camped for the night by their boat at 'the Bluff eight miles from Moeraki' to the north. However they were observed and attacked by Maori. Two of the sealers escaped and fled to Bobby's Head and Goodwood, south of Moeraki, taking two days to get there and where they were later killed and eaten. They will have passed Moeraki going north and fleeing south.

John Hughes, accompanied by W.I Haberfield and other men from the Weller brothers' Otago whaling station, established a whaling station in Moeraki Bay, Onekakara, on Boxing Day, December 26, 1836. Since that time European occupation has been continuous. When Hughes and his men arrived there were only nine Maori living in the area, under Takatahara. In 1838 a large group arrived under Matiaha Tiramorehu and settled, in close proximity to the whalers. Many of the latter married Maori women. Haberfield later maintained alcohol was absent at Moeraki, in striking contrast to more southerly stations, especially the one at Otago.

After 1839 whaling dwindled and ceased by the late 1840s, although there was later a brief revival. Even so some of the whalers stayed. There were European visitors in the early 1840s. After the Otago Association's settlement based at Dunedin further south in 1848 a Moeraki sheep run was leased by 1852. A 'Hundred' was declared in 1860, opening the area to closer rural settlement. From 1854 Moeraki Bay served as a port for North Otago starting the period of rivalry with the one at Oamaru described above. It was over by 1879. Since then Moeraki has been a fishing village, farming centre and coastal resort.

Jul 26, 2007 5:04 PM

Day 16 - Fox Glacier

Lake Matheson Motels Fox Glacier

If you're looking for motels in Fox Glacier offering great quality, value and comfortable accommodation, then Lake Matheson Motels, just 400 metres from the heart of the township, is an ideal choice for you. This Fox Glacier hotel quality accommodation offers studio units and family accommodation.

Lake Matheson Motel has been in business as a New Zealand West Coast accommodation since 1988. The original Fox Glacier accommodation was built by George and Dorothy Halsey, and is still owned by the same family. Today it is run by Fox Glacier local, Bruce Butler, his wife Jane and daughter Christie. Their love of South Westland is reflected in their knowledge of the area, and their desire to share that knowledge and enthusiasm with you.

Lake Matheson Motel has a wide range of rooms. We have been expanding the complex continually and now have a varied mix of modern units, older renovated units, standard, premium, spa bath, studio and family accommodation. We are proud to say that our accommodation is on a par with the quality you would expect of Fox Glacier hotels.

Don't let our name mislead you because Lake Matheson Motel is a definitely a motel in Fox Glacier! You’ll find us situated just 400 metres away from the main street running through the Fox Glacier township. Lake Matheson, for which we are named, lies 6km further along Cook Flat Road and we'd certainly recommend you visit it during your stay with us.

Not only does Lake Matheson Motel in Fox Glacier enjoy an excellent central location, it also benefits from a peaceful garden setting under Mt Cook.

Address Of Our Motel in Fox Glacier

Lake Matheson Motel

Corner Cook Flat Rd & Pekanga Drive

Fox Glacier

(Postal address is P O Box 23, Fox Glacier)

Directions

From South

(Queenstown, Wanaka or Haast)

Drive into the Fox Glacier township. Take the first and only road on your left and drive down this 400m. On your left, you will see the Lake Matheson Motel sign.

From North

(Christchurch, Greymouth, Hokitika or Franz Josef)

Drive into the Fox Glacier township. Take the first and only road on your right and drive down this 400 m. On your left you will see the Lake Matheson Motel sign

http://www.lakematheson.co.nz/

From Wikipedia

The Fox Glacier/Te Moeka o Tuawe is a glacier located in Westland National Park on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. It was named in 1872 after a visit by the then Prime Minister of New Zealand, Sir William Fox.

Geography

Fed by four alpine glaciers, Fox Glacier falls 2,600m on its 13km journey from the Southern Alps down to the coast, and although retreating throughout most of the last 100 years, it has been advancing since 1985 at an average of about a meter a day.

The outflow of the glacier forms the Fox River.

Tourism

Like the nearby Franz Josef Glacier, it is one of the most accessible glaciers in the world, with its terminal face an easy 5km walk from Fox Glacier village/Weheka. It is a major tourist attraction and about 1000 people daily visit it during high tourist season. Though people are told not to, some go beyond the barriers and climb without guides onto the glacier, whose rapid advance creates dangers of sudden ice and rockfalls.[1]

Fox has also the distinction of being one of the few glaciers to end among lush rainforest only 300 metres above sea level.

Fox Glacier village/Weheka functions mainly as a service centre for tourists, though it also services the local farming community.

Jul 26, 2007 5:03 PM

Day 15 - Hokitika

The Shining Star Hokitika

Come and enjoy the warmth of our supreme quality log-style accommodation, situated right by the beach overlooking the Tasman Sea.

Experience the beautiful West Coast with its panoramic views, unspoilt beaches and the Southern Alps in the background.

Enjoy spectacular sunsets and a sandy beach which is a wonderland of driftwood and stones.

The Shining Star is a new complex in park like settings offering motel, cabin and holiday park accommodation.

Re-decorated in 2006 these stylish units offer modern comfort.

We have two of these chalets, both overlookng the beautiful Tasman Sea.

The units are fully self-contained studio style with a couch, super king bed, Sky LCD TV, kitchen, bathroom, heat pump, midi-system, desk, internet connection and a deck with sea views.

The chalets are serviced daily.

Email: enquiries@accommodationwestcoast.co.nz

TELEPHONE/FAX

National

Freephone 0800 744 646 or

Telephone 03 755 8921

Fax 03 755 8653

International

Telephone +64 3 755 8921

Fax +64 3 755 8653

POST

The Shining Star

11 Richards Drive

HOKITIKA

http://accommodationwestcoast.co.nz

From Wikipedia

Hokitika is a township on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, 40 kilometres (25 Miles) south of Greymouth, and close to the mouth of the Hokitika River. The town has a population of just over 4,500 (2001 estimate).

History

Founded on gold mining in 1864, it was a centre of the West Coast goldrush. By late 1866 it was one of the country's most populous centres. It became the capital of the short-lived Westland Province from 1873 until the abolition of provinces in 1876.

The population has declined greatly since that time.

Economy

The major industries of greenstone (pounamu), gold, coal, and forestry have all dwindled over the last century, but a growing ecotourism industry has grown up and the town is starting to show signs of recovery. It has become a major tourist stop on the West Coast's main highway route, with carving of greenstone an important local industry. It is also gaining a reputation for its annual wild food festival which has been running since 1990.[1]

Another important industry is dairying, with Westland Milk Products being based in the town. A co-operative that has been producing dairy products for many years, it is increasing its production at about 10% annually, and in recent years has installed plants to produce new products such as different types of proteins, AMF and others. The vast majority of its production is exported.

Transport

State Highway 6 passes through the town.

Air New Zealand Link provides daily flights to Christchurch operated by Eagle Airways. The airport is adjacent to the town, immediately to the North East.

A branch line railway known as the Hokitika Branch runs to the town from Greymouth; it opened in 1893 and an extension to Ross was open from 1909 to 1980. Passengers to Hokitika were initially served by "mixed" trains that carried both goods and passengers, and in 1936, these services were augmented by a Leyland diesel railbus service that ran from Hokitika to Greymouth, Christchurch, and briefly Reefton. In the early 1940s, the Vulcan railcars were introduced and they provided a twice daily service between Ross and Christchurch via Hokitika. The "mixed" trains continued to operate until 1967, and all passenger services to Hokitika ceased when the Vulcan railcars stopped running past Greymouth in 1972. Since then, the line to Hokitika has been freight-only with traffic primarily coming from Westland Milk Products.

Jul 26, 2007 5:02 PM

Day 14 - Golden bay

Golden Bay is a real hidden treasure which should be on your New Zealand list of Must Do's. With Natural wonders like Farewell Spit and Waikoropupu Springs mixed together with wonderfully different beaches, two national parks, Kahurangi and Abel Tasman, and the chance to walk the Heaphy Track. It's Autumn which is a great time to visit the Golden Bay region.

Conquering the drive over Takaka Hill will reward you with views of Golden Bay, one of New Zealands off-the-beaten-track treasures.

Golden Bay has everything. History, culture, gold mines, great beaches, water worn limeston caves, wind-short coastal cliffs, fresh water bubbling springs with the clearest water you'll ever see, a 35km sand spit, wildlife, two quaint small towns,Ttakaka and Collingwood, museums, and one of New Zealands most vibrant arts secenes. You can see it in a wide variety of ways. Kayak, boat, horse trek, scenic flight, 4WD bus tour, guided walk, or the Space Shuttle (although that ones a bit more exclusive and expensive!). Golden Bay also gives' you access to two of New Zealands most beautiful National Parks with two world famous walking tracks. The Kahurangi National Park which boasts the Heaphy Track and the Abel Tasman National Park which presides over the Abel Tasman Coastal Track.

When Abel Tasman, the first European to site New Zealand, anchored in Golden Bay in 1642 you just know he was thinking, "Do I really have to leave all this and go home?!". We're sure you'll feel the same way when you come and Experience all Golden Bay has to offer.

Climate

Golden Bay enjoys some of the largest sunshine hours in New Zealand but also catches some rain during the year. That's part of being on the West Coast of the South Island or New Zealand. Those two factors make Golden Bay what it is. Green, clean, lush, and colourful environment that's perfect for farming which is the main industry in Golden Bay. Not too hot during summer and mild temperatures during winter make Golden Bay a great place to play.

Places to Stay

Golden Bay has a nice variety of accommodation and a nice spread of locations. You can choose to be close to Takaka township or out a bit further at one of the beach locations. The good thing is no place is very far from the other. You can choose from motels, holiday parks, B&B's, holiday homes/apartments, cottages, Backpackers, lodges, and boutique. Something to suit everyone. All easily accessible and good quality, value for money.

Jul 26, 2007 5:01 PM

Day 13 - Golden bay

Sans Souci

Sans Souci Inn is a small family owned operation. Your hosts Vera and Reto Balzer have designed and built the Inn over a decade ago and have been running it with a handful dedicated and loyal staff ever since.Accommodation that combines an artistic blend of Mediterranean, ecological architecture with a laid back atmosphere. Our onsite restaurant has a high reputation and meals are freshly cooked every day. All this only a short stroll from Golden Bay Pohara beach, shop and cafes.

The seven bedroom adobe inn is an artistic blend of Mediterranean and ecological architecture situated on three acres of gardens. Lush subtropical vegetation contrasts with white washed adobe (sun dried clay bricks) and the grass roof blends into the landscape. The laid back, casual and homely atmosphere is a panacea for the stressed and tired holiday maker.

Folding doors open into the court yard for summer al fresco dining. During winter the mud oven keeps the building toasty warm. This comfortable and homely atmosphere creates an environment to relax and meet with other guests.

The open plan kitchen is designed to cater for up to 25 guests in the restaurant. It also allows you to self cater. There may be restricted use of the kitchen during the evenings at high season.

The centrally detached bathroom is designed to cater for six bedrooms and is a feature and talking point of the inn. Our ecological toilets system (composting toilets) help reduce water usage and nutrient loss into water ways. They are odourless and maintained to a very high standard. Showers and bath are housed in cubicles for privacy. The central planter with hanging mirrors and integrated hand basins creates a lush tropical feel in the bathroom.

Sans Souci Inn

Reto & Vera Balzer

reto@sanssouciinn.co.nz

11 Richmond Road, Pohara, Takaka 7183

Golden Bay

New Zealand

phone/fax: +64-3-525-8663

http://sanssouciinn.co.nz/

From Wikipedia

Golden Bay lies at the edge of the junction between the Tasman Sea and Cook Strait. It stretches for 45 kilometres from the long sand spit of Farewell Spit in the north to Separation Point in Abel Tasman National Park at its southern extremity. Beyond this point, the larger of the two bays at the top of the South Island, Tasman Bay, begins.

The northern part of the bay is largely devoid of population; the southern part contains the populous but small plains around the mouth of the Takaka River. Between the two lies the small town of Collingwood. Other than the Takaka River, the Aorere River is the main watercourse to reach the sea at Golden Bay.

Abel Tasman entering the bay

Dutch explorer Abel Tasman anchored in this bay in 1642. However, the resulting hostile encounter with the local Māori when a party from his ships tried to land caused him to bestow upon it the name Murderers Bay. English explorer James Cook renamed it Golden Bay during his voyage of discovery in 1769.

Golden Bay (district)

Location of Golden Bay

The Golden Bay district, at the northwest corner of the South Island, New Zealand, and about 70 kilometres northwest of Nelson, is a coastal area bordered by the ranges of Kahurangi National Park and Abel Tasman National Park. It is largely separated from the rest of the island by steep hill country—the only road into the area traverses a steep, winding pass between the Riwaka and Takaka River valleys.

One of many beaches in Abel Tasman National Park along Golden Bay

The population of approximately 4500 triples over summer with an influx of visitors, who enjoy its natural beauty, recreational opportunities and festival culture. Golden Bay's popularity also stems in part for its remoteness and its internationally significant conservation areas, such as Farewell Spit and Te Waikoropupu Springs. It is also noted for its extensive cave systems.

The ranges, rivers, coastal plains and lowlands of Golden Bay provide a range of microclimates offering good conditions for agriculture and horticulture. Currently, the Bay's main income is generated by dairy farming, arts and crafts, and tourism.

Recently, a massive increase in the wasp population in Abel Tasman National park forced a (failed) biological and a (more successful) chemical regimen to bring down the wasp population which reached an estimated 300 colonies per square kilometre in the early 1990's. These wasps have been blamed on an alarming decrease in native insects and animal life in the park.

Takaka is the main business and shopping area for the Golden Bay district. It is located in the lower reaches of the Takaka River Valley at the southern end of the bay. Collingwood is Goldenbay's second biggest town and was once a candidate for the site of the nations capital though today it principly act as a service hub for the surrounding farming community and a destination for holiday makers during the summer month. Other settlements in Golden Bay include Pohara, Motupipi, Onekaka, Bainham and Pakawau.

Jul 26, 2007 5:00 PM

Day 12 - Wellington - Nelson

Experience the peace and charm of the past in our fully restored Victorian Bed and Breakfast, one of Nelson's original family homes. Situated beside the beautiful Maitai River and only minutes' walk from central Nelson, Sussex House has retained all the original character and romantic ambience of the era. Join us now for a tour of our delightful Nelson, New Zealand Bed and Breakfast.

The guests living room is decorated and furnished in keeping with its era. A warm and beautiful room that features honey coloured rimu polished floors and period furniture, it is a delightful place to relax in the evenings. Enjoy also, the peace and tranquillity of this room while clearing your e-mail at our guest internet station. A piano and a stereo, complete with a great variety of CD's is also there for your use.

Breakfast is served in the main dining room. Enjoy the open French doors looking out over the river during the summer months, or a blazing fire on cold winter mornings. We offer a continental style breakfast including fresh fruit juices, fresh and preserved fruit, home-made yoghurt, muffins, crumpets, French pastries, cheeses, cereals and a variety of bread. This is accompanied by fresh brewed coffee or tea (Indian or herbal).

Vikki is a very talented sculptress (David wrote this!) - you will be able to see her sculptures scattered around the house. David is a geographer by training but had a language school during our "séjour" in New Caledonia.

We have three children scattered around the world: one daughter moves between Moscow and London, another daughter lives in Paris and our son is a "fonctionnaire" in the French Civil Service in New Caledonia.

Before leaving New Caledonia, we decided to settle in the most hospitable, beautiful and climatically acceptable town we had encountered in our travels - Nelson. We invite you to experience this lovely city through our Bed & Breakfast.

Experience the feeling of treetop living on the top verandahs. Look out over the river, down into our English garden or across the river towards Queen's Gardens. It's difficult to believe you are in the town centre. Both the Strauss and Beethoven Rooms have direct access to the verandahs, with the Mozart, Brahms and Schubert Rooms having access from the upstairs hallway. There is ample seating for guests. The sunsets are magnificent from here, enjoy them with a bottle of our renowned Nelson wines!The view from here is across the river, with bird and fish wildlife, towards the Queen's Gardens - an attractive botanical garden, started in the 19th century.

Your Hosts: Victoria (Vikki) and David Los and Riley (the cat)Our Address: 238 Bridge Street, Nelson, New Zealand. Telephone: (+64)-03-548-9972. Mobile: (+64)-027-478-4846 Fax: (+64)-03-548-9975 Freephone, (New Zealand only): 0800-86-86-87 Email Us: reservations@sussex.co.nz

http://sussex.co.nz/

From Wikipedia

Wellington (unofficially Te Whanganui-a-Tara or Poneke in Māori) is the capital of New Zealand, the country's second largest urban area and the most populous national capital in Oceania. It is in the Wellington region at the southern tip of the North Island, near the geographical centre of the country.

Like many cities, Wellington's urban area extends well beyond the boundaries of a single local authority. Greater Wellington or the Wellington Region means the entire urban area, plus the rural parts of the cities and the Kapiti Coast, and across the Rimutaka Range to the Wairarapa.

Name

Wellington was named in honour of Arthur Wellesley, the first Duke of Wellington and victor of the Battle of Waterloo. The Duke's title comes from the town of Wellington in the English county of Somerset.

In Māori, Wellington goes by three names. Te Whanganui-a-Tara refers to Wellington Harbour and means "the great harbour of Tara". Pōneke is a transliteration of Port Nick, short for Port Nicholson (the city's central marae, the community supporting it and its kapa haka have the pseudo-tribal name of Ngāti Pōneke). Te Upoko-o-te-Ika-a-Māui, meaning The Head of the Fish of Māui (often shortened to Te Upoko-o-te-Ika), is a more traditional name, derived from the legend in which the North Island was fished up by the demigod Māui Tikitiki-a-Taranga).

Importance

Wellington is New Zealand's political centre, housing Parliament and the head offices of all government ministries and departments, plus the bulk of the foreign diplomatic missions based in New Zealand.

Wellington's compact city centre supports an arts scene, café culture and nightlife much larger than most cities of a similar size. It is a centre of New Zealand's film and theatre industry. Te Papa Tongarewa (the Museum of New Zealand), the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, the Royal New Zealand Ballet and the biennial International Festival of the Arts are all sited there.

Wellington has the 12th best quality of living in the world, according to a 2006 study by consulting company Mercer. Of cities with English as the primary language, Wellington ranked fourth.1

Settlement

Legend recounts that Kupe discovered and explored the district in about the tenth century.

European settlement began with the arrival of an advance party of the New Zealand Company on the ship Tory, on 20 September 1839, followed by 150 settlers on the Aurora on 22 January 1840. The settlers constructed their first homes at Petone (which they called Britannia for a time) on the flat area at the mouth of the Hutt River. When that proved swampy and flood-prone they transplanted the plans without regard for a more hilly terrain.

Earthquakes

Wellington from Mount Victoria.

Wellington suffered serious damage in a series of earthquakes in 1848 and from another earthquake in 1855. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on a fault line to the north and east of Wellington. It ranks as probably the most powerful earthquake in recorded New Zealand history, with an estimated magnitude of at least 8.2 on the Richter scale. It caused vertical movements of two to three metres over a large area, including raising an area of land out of the harbour and turning it into a tidal swamp. Much of this land was subsequently reclaimed and is now part of Wellington's central business district. For this reason the street named Lambton Quay now runs 100 to 200 metres from the harbour. Plaques set into the footpath along Lambton Quay mark the shoreline in 1840 and thus indicate the extent of the uplift and of subsequent reclamation.

The area has high seismic activity even by New Zealand standards, with a major fault line running through the centre of the city, and several others nearby. Several hundred more minor fault lines have been identified within the urban area. The inhabitants, particularly those in high-rise buildings, typically notice several earthquakes every year. For many years after the 1855 earthquake, the majority of buildings constructed in Wellington were made entirely from wood. The 1996-restored Government Buildings, near Parliament and the Railway Station, are the largest wooden office building in the Southern Hemisphere. While masonry and structural steel have subsequently been used in building construction, especially for office buildings, timber framing remains the primary structural component of almost all residential construction. Residents also place their hopes of survival in good building regulations, which gradually became more stringent in the course of the twentieth century.

New Zealand's capital

In 1865, Wellington became the capital of New Zealand, replacing Auckland, where William Hobson had established his capital in 1841. Parliament first sat in Wellington on 7 July 1862, but the city did not become the official capital for some time. In November 1863 the Premier Alfred Domett moved a resolution before Parliament (in Auckland) that "... it has become necessary that the seat of government ... should be transferred to some suitable locality in Cook Strait." Apparently there was concern that the southern regions, where the gold fields were located, would form a separate colony. Commissioners from Australia (chosen for their neutral status) pronounced the opinion that Wellington was suitable because of its harbour and central location. Parliament officially sat in Wellington for the first time on 26 July 1865. The population of Wellington was then 4,900.

Wellington is the seat of New Zealand's highest court, the Supreme Court of New Zealand. The historic former High Court building is to be enlarged and restored for the court's use.

Location and geography

Satellite photo of the Wellington conurbation: (1) Wellington; (2) Lower Hutt; (3) Upper Hutt; (4) Porirua.

Wellington stands at the south-western tip of the North Island on Cook Strait, the passage that separates the North and South Islands. On a clear day the snowcapped Kaikoura Ranges are visible to the south across the strait. To the north stretch the golden beaches of the Kapiti Coast. On the east the Rimutaka Range divides Wellington from the broad plains of the Wairarapa, a wine region of national acclaim.

Wellington is the southernmost national capital city in the world, with a latitude of about 41°S. It is more densely populated than most other settlements in New Zealand, due to the small amount of building space available between the harbour and the surrounding hills. Wellington has very few suitable areas in which to expand and this has resulted in the development of the surrounding cities in the greater urban area. Because of its location in the roaring forties latitudes and its exposure to omnipresent winds coming through Cook Strait, the city is known to Kiwis as "Windy Wellington".

More than most cities, life in Wellington is dominated by its central business district (CBD). Approximately 62,000 people work in the CBD, only 4,000 fewer than work in Auckland's CBD, despite that city having three times Wellington's population. Wellington's cultural and nightlife venues concentrate in Courtenay Place and surroundings located in the southern part of the CBD, making the inner city suburb of Te Aro the largest entertainment destination in New Zealand.

Wellington has the highest average income of a main urban area in New Zealand and the highest percentage of people with tertiary qualifications.

Te Papa ("Our Place"), the Museum of New Zealand.

Wellington has a reputation for its picturesque natural harbour and green hillsides adorned with tiered suburbs of colonial villas. The CBD is sited close to Lambton Harbour, an arm of Wellington Harbour. Wellington Harbour lies along an active geological fault, which is clearly evident on its straight western coast. The land to the west of this rises abruptly, meaning that many of Wellington's suburbs sit high above the centre of the city.

There is a network of bush walks and reserves maintained by the Wellington City Council and local volunteers. The Wellington region has 500 square kilometres of regional parks and forests.

In the east is the Miramar Peninsula, connected to the rest of the city by a low-lying isthmus at Rongotai, the site of Wellington International Airport. The narrow entrance to Wellington is directly to the east of the Miramar Peninsula, and contains the dangerous shallows of Barrett Reef, where many ships have been wrecked (most famously the inter-island ferry Wahine in 1968).

On the hill west of the city centre are Victoria University and Wellington Botanic Garden. Both can be reached by a funicular railway, the Wellington Cable Car.

Wellington Harbour has three islands: Matiu/Somes Island, Makaro/Ward Island and Mokopuna. Only Matiu/Somes Island is large enough for settlement. It has been used as a quarantine station for people and animals and as an internment camp during the First and Second World Wars. It is now a conservation island, providing refuge for endangered species, much like Kapiti Island further up the coast. There is access during daylight hours by the Dominion Post Ferry.

The city averages 2025 hours (or about 84 days) of sunshine per year

Jul 26, 2007 4:59 PM

Day 9,10,11 Carterton

Carterton is a small town in the Wellington region of New Zealand. It lies in a farming area of the Wairarapa in New Zealand's North Island. It is located 14 kilometres southwest of Masterton and 9 kms north of Greytown. Its population in 2001 was 4014, with a further 2800 living in the surrounding rural district.

Founded in 1857, the town was originally known as Three Mile Bush, and served as housing for workers building the road between Wellington, New Zealand and Masterton. It was later renamed after Charles Rooking Carter. The town describes itself as New Zealand's daffodil capital.

Carterton claimed to be the first place in the world with a transsexual mayor, Georgina Beyer. Georgina went on to become the MP for Wairarapa.

Carterton was the birthplace of Sir Bob Charles, the first left-handed golfer to win a Major, the British Open in 1962

Jul 26, 2007 4:56 PM

Day 6,7,8 - Rotorua

From the moment you enter Rotorua, you know you are somewhere like nowhere else. Lazy drifts of steam are emitted from cracks, crevices and culverts in parks, gardens, pathways and even residential streets. These constant steam drifts, together with the distinctive scent of sulphur, let you know you are in Rotorua, New Zealand - the centre of an active thermal area.

Just minutes from city centre, you will see geysers of hissing, steaming, scalding water roar from deep within the earth’s crust and hurl spray 100ft into the air. Pools of bubbling mud pop and belch like pots of porridge.

In geothermal fields south and north-east of the city, crater lakes are constantly refilled with hot water, rich mineral deposits paint the landscape from a multi-coloured palette from white to turquoise, steam escapes from cracks in cliff faces - and your camera will work overtime to record the stark beauty and splendour of our volcanic landscape.

Towering volcanoes, now dormant, are unmistakeable reminders of the land’s turbulent past. Over time many volcanic caldera (a basin formed when the earth slumps following the emptying of a magma chamber during volcanic activity) have formed a chain of sparkling lakes teeming with trophy trout.

Many of the district’s attractions are based around our two greatest assets - geothermal activity and lakes. Both are directly attributable to the continual volcanic activity that has formed and reformed the landscape.

At 290m above sea level, Rotorua is located on a volcanic plateau which encompasses most of the Central North Island. Geological records show ceaseless activity in this area for millennia, ranging from minor hot springs through to huge prehistoric ignimbrite flows which smothered the entire landscape. Most ‘recent’ eruptions were the Taupo eruption of around 1800 years ago and the Tarawera eruption of 1886.

Geothermal activity provides the source of Rotorua’s fame as a spa resort. Relax in pools of natural hot mineral water, wrap yourself in mud, soothe body and soul with an Aix massage under warm thermal water, and experience for yourself why Rotorua has developed its reputation as Nature’s Spa of the South Pacific. Rotorua offers the opportunity to encounter some of the world’s most incredible earth forces, so come visit us and discover the ‘Spirit of the Earth’.

From Wikipedia

Rotorua is a town on the southern shore of Lake Rotorua in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand, and Rotorua District is the encompassing local authority area. The city has a population of 64,509. It is 60 km south of Tauranga, 105 km south-east of Hamilton and 82 km north-east of Taupo.

Rotorua is well-known for geothermal activity. There are a number of geysers, notably the Pohutu geyser at Whakarewarewa, and hot mud pools located in the city, which owe their presence to the Rotorua caldera.

Rotorua is connected to the north by State Highway 5, to the east by State Highway 33, to the west by State Highway 30, and to the south by State Highway 5. Increasingly though travellers to Tauranga are selecting the newly commissioned State Highway 36 via Ngongotaha and Pyes Pa.

Rotorua Regional Airport provides daily flights to Auckland International Airport and Wellington International Airport via turbo-prop services and Christchurch International Airport using turbo-props and a daily jet service. Plans are afoot to increase the runway length to allow trans-Tasman flights.

Rotorua is also connected to the rail network with a branch line from Putaruru to the north, currently disused.

History

The name Rotorua comes from Māori, the full name being Te Rotorua-nui-a-Kahumatamomoe; roto generally means lake and rua two - Rotorua thus meaning 'Second lake'. Kahumatamomoe was the uncle of the Māori chief Ihenga. It was the second major lake the chief discovered, and he dedicated it to his uncle. It is the largest of a multitude found to the north-east of the city, all connected with the Rotorua Caldera and nearby Mt Tarawera.

The area was initially settled by Māori of the Te Arawa iwi. The lakeshore was a prominent site of skirmishes during the New Zealand Wars of the 1860s. A "special town district" was created in the 1880s, in order to promote Rotorua's potential as a spa. The town was connected to Auckland with the opening of the Rotorua Branch railway and commencement of the Rotorua Express train in 1894, resulting in the rapid growth of the town and tourism from this time forward. Rotorua was established as a borough in 1922.

Modern days

Geothermal areas

Thermal activity is at the heart of much of Rotorua's tourist appeal. Geysers and bubbling mud-pools, hot thermal springs and the Buried Village (Te Wairoa) - so named after it was buried by the 1886 Mt Tarawera eruption - are within easy reach of the city.

Kuirau Park, to the west end of the central city, is also remarkable - hot bubbling mud pools dot the park, lending a surreal air to the setting. Visitors can soak their feet in hot pools.

Mud pool, Tikitere ("Hell's Gate"), Rotorua.

Rotorua is nicknamed Sulphur City, because of the aforementioned thermal activity. The sulphur gives off an odour unique to Rotorua that adds to the visitor experience.

The especially pungent smell in the central-east 'Te Ngae' area is due to the dense sulphur deposits located next to the southern boundary of the Government Gardens, in the area known as 'Sulphur Point'.

Lakes

With 17 lakes, the Rotorua region is an aquatic paradise. Fishing, waterskiing, swimming and other water activities are popular in summer. The lakes are also great event venues; Rotorua hosted the 2007 World Waterski Championships. Lake Rotorua is also used as a departure and landing point for float planes.

Other activities

Downtown Rotorua, Lake Rotorua, and Mokoia Island.

Rotorua is also home to botanical gardens and interesting historic architecture. Known as a spa town and major tourist resort since the 1800s, many of its buildings hint at this history. Government Gardens, close to the lakeshore at the eastern end of the town, are particularly worthy of note.

Northern Rotorua, Lake Rotorua, and Mokoia Island.

Another of Rotorua's attractions is the mountain biking. Whakarewarewa (also known as the "Redwoods") Forest has been described as 'the Disneyland of mountain biking' and has some of the best mountain bike trails in New Zealand. Rotorua hosted the UCI Mountain Bike and Trials World Championships, in August 2006.

Jul 26, 2007 4:54 PM

Day 5 - Auckland

New Zealand was first discovered about 1000 years ago by the great Polynesian navigator Kupe who sailed here from his homeland Hawaiki. He named the islands Aotearoa, Land of the Long White Cloud. Kupe returned to Hawaiki and left instruction on how to get here.

About 400 years later Maori arrived back in Aotearoa with seven great canoes and began to populate the North Island.

The Dutchman Abel Tasman landed in 1642, charted part of the coastline and named it Staten land, believing it was part of the Australian continent. When his mistake was discovered the country was renamed Nieuw Zeeland.

In 1769 James Cook came to New Zealand, extensively charted both North and South Island and gave the Bay of Islands its present name.

Ipipiri - a historic map of the Bay of Islands

Place names come and go, but the land remains. An enquiry from a cousin about the name of one particular headland near his home in Manawaora Bay, Bay of Islands, started Murphy Shortland on a five year quest to record the pre-European names of the eastern Bay of Islands. The result is a map which he has called Ipipiri, a name used by the Maori to refer to what Captain Cook named the Bay of Islands.

When Murphy realised he did not know many other traditional names in the area besides that of the headland, he started to piece together a jigsaw of half-forgotten information. Most of the place names he has re-discovered have at least four separate provenances: Turton's land claim deeds; old Lands and Survey maps; Land Court minutes; and the memories of local people. Murphy noted that many land sales in past years referred to boundaries, which were determined by looking at the land from the sea. "The land deeds name all the landmarks in succession as the eye moved. Nine times out of ten it appears the Maori sold their land from a boat, pointing at peaks, valleys and waterways."

Murphy also used the whakapapa of local tribes to confirm information he extracted from Land Court minutes. This enabled him to identify chiefs who were selling particular pieces of land in specified areas. Along with the place and landmark names came information about associated events and people. Kaiwaka, a bay near Tapeka, was the site of a massacre between two local tribes in the 1800s. This incident had been recorded in Land Court minutes but forgotten by locals. But when the Moerewa freezing works were being extended in the 1940s, sand was taken from the beach and bones from the fight were uncovered. Not only the name of the beach, but also knowledge of the historical event had been almost lost.

The map reaches from Taupiri Bay in the south to Ngaiotonga, part of the Waikare Inlet, all of Te Wahapu, Kororareka, Okahu (Urupukapuka) Island and Motukokako (Piercy) Island in the north. The original of the map, drawn and painted by Denis Brown, is on long-term loan to Russell Museum, mounted in a frame of kauri hand-carved by Anita Jones of Motatau.

Jul 26, 2007 9:58 AM

Day 4 - Auckland

About

Imagine an urban environment where everyone lives within half an hour of beautiful beaches, hiking trails and a dozen enchanted holiday islands including Waiheke and Great Barrier Islands. Add a sunny climate, a background rhythm of Polynesian culture and a passion for outstanding food, wine and shopping - you're beginning to get the picture of Auckland.

In the Maori language, Auckland is known as Tamaki Makau Rau, the city of 100 lovers. It earned this name because it was a place desired by all and conquered by many.

The Auckland region is an antipasto of environments laid out on a huge platter to make one amazing city, boasting three harbours, two mountain ranges, 48 volcanic cones and more than 50 islands.

Auckland's population is approximately 1.3 million, making it by far the largest city in New Zealand, with one third of the country's entire population.

The past

In the Maori language, Auckland is known as Tamaki Makau Rau, Tamaki of 100 lovers. It earned this name because it was a place desired by all and conquered by many.

First Inhabitants

Legend has it that the first human inhabitants of Auckland were the magical, fair-skinned Turehu people. While all Maori iwi (tribes) of the region claim descent from the Turehu, their tribal identities are generally linked to the ancestral waka that sailed to New Zealand from Hawaiiki – the legendary homeland of the Maori in the Pacific Ocean.

In the mid 18th century, invaders from the Ngati Whatua iwi conquered Auckland. Today the Ngati Whatua people are acknowledged as tangata whenua (the people of the land) of the Tamaki Isthmus. The Ngati Whatua marae (tribal meeting house) occupies Bastion Point, overlooking the Waitemata Harbour.

Captain James Cook’s charting of New Zealand’s coastline in 1769 missed Waitemata Harbour but he left behind several place names such as Great Barrier and Little Barrier islands. In 1820, Samuel Marsden became the first known European to explore the Hauraki Gulf.

The region’s first European village was established in 1833 around a spa and saw milling operation on the Mahurangi river, where Warkworth is today, and the missionaries followed soon after.

A pivotal year for Auckland was 1840. New Zealand’s founding document, the Treaty of Waitangi, was signed by local Maori chiefs at Karaka Bay, Mangere and Awhitu. The same year Captain William Hobson, then the Lieutenant Governor of New Zealand, was invited by Ngati Whatua chiefs to establish the new colony’s capital in Auckland. A sailing regatta was held to celebrate the raising of the union flag (Union Jack), a tradition which is still observed every year on Auckland Anniversary Day. Auckland, named after Hobson’s naval commander Lord Auckland, was capital for 25 years before losing the privilege to Wellington.

In 1842, the ships Jane Gifford and Duchess of Argyle deposited 500 Scottish settlers in their new home. Since then, Auckland’s population has grown steadily and now sits at around 1.3 million, about a third of the national population.

People and Personalities

Modern day Auckland stretches from the town of Wellsford in the north, to the rolling Bombay Hills in the south. It is surrounded by three harbours – the Waitemata, the Manukau and the Kaipara, New Zealand’s largest. Administratively, it is divided into four cities (Auckland, Manukau, North Shore and Waitakere) and three districts (Franklin, Rodney and Papakura).

From the first Maori waka and colonial ships, Auckland has attracted immigrants. By the 1890s, it had a cosmopolitan flavour, with dozens of languages heard in the bustling streets and new inhabitants from Europe, China and India. This theme continued throughout the 20th century, particularly in the 1950s when the population was boosted by the post war ‘baby boom’. Many European immigrants were attracted from countries such as Hungary, Holland and Yugoslavia; bringing Auckland more cosmopolitan tastes and its first proper restaurants. Many rural people relocated to seek work in the ‘bright lights’ of the city, and large numbers of Maori migrated to Auckland.

Today, Auckland is the world’s largest Polynesian city. Around 63% of its residents are of European descent, 11% are Maori, 13% are of Pacific Island descent and there is a growing Asian population of around 12%. In the city centre, Auckland’s growing popularity as an international education destination has seen an explosion of ethnic restaurants and shops.

The great outdoors

Auckland is consistently voted one of the world’s best lifestyle cities in international surveys. The cosmopolitan city centre is complemented by great escapes no more than half an hour from downtown.

An extensive network of regional parks covers some 37,000 hectares. There are farm parks, parks with archaeological sites and historic homesteads, marine reserves and botanic gardens.

Summer concerts are held in the crater of an extinct volcano at the Auckland Domain, Auckland’s oldest park (established in 1845) and home to the Auckland War Memorial Museum.

One of the best ways to appreciate the City of Sails is from on the water. Regular ferries service the islands of the Hauraki Gulf, while charter boats are available in every incarnation, from classic yachts to speed launches. Windsurfing is popular in the bays around the harbour, and so is kayaking, with regular guided expeditions to the far reaches of the Waitemata.

The hiking trails in the Waitakere and Hunua Ranges, to the west and south of the city centre respectively, take you deep into cool, peaceful rainforest. The Woodhill and Riverhead plantation forests attract mountainbikers and motocross riders.

Apart from sailing and boating, Aucklanders’ favourite past times include rugby and rugby league in the winter and cricket in the summer. Kilikiti, Pacific Island cricket, is played in suburban parks over the warmer months. The ASB Bank Tennis Centre hosts international events for men and women every January.

The Hauraki Gulf is also home to pods of dolphins and whales, which can be viewed on regular boat trips on the Dolphin & Whale Safari. Sea life can also be seen from underwater, through transparent tunnels built in an underground aquarium at Kelly Tarlton’s Antarctic Encounter and Underwater World.

Auckland has more than 30 golf courses, including public ones at Takapuna and Chamberlain Park in Western Springs. At Gulf Harbour on the Whangaparaoa Peninsula, you can play on a cliff top course designed by Robert Trent Jones II, considered by many to be the world’s finest designer of classic golf courses. Formosa, another of Auckland’s legendary courses, has spectacular views of Rangitoto. Designed by Bob Charles, Formosa is the longest course in New Zealand – over 6,650 metres off the pro tees.

From Wikipedia

The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest urban area of the country. With over 1.3 million people it has over a quarter of the country's population, and demographic trends indicate that it will continue growing faster than the rest of the country. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world.^[3]

It is a conurbation, made up of Auckland City (excluding the Hauraki Gulf islands), North Shore City, and the urban parts of Waitakere and Manukaucities, along with Papakura District and some nearby urban parts of Rodney and Franklin Districts. In Māori its name is Tāmaki-makau-rau, or the transliterated version of Auckland, Ākarana.

Auckland lies between the Hauraki Gulf of the Pacific Ocean to the east, the low Hunua Ranges to the south-east, the Manukau Harbour to the south-west, and the Waitakere Ranges and smaller ranges to the west and north-west. The central part of the urban area occupies a narrow isthmusbetween the Manukau Harbour on the Tasman Sea and the Waitemata Harbour on the Pacific Ocean. It is one of the few cities in the world to have harbours on two separate major bodies of water.

Jul 26, 2007 9:58 AM

Visit me Daily

Site Navigation[Skip]

Sidebar[Skip]

Travel books Japan

New Zealand 2008

Day 27 - Tokio - Amsterdam

Day 26 - Tokio

Day 25 - Christchurch - Auckland - Tokio

Day 24 - Christchurch

Day 23 - Lake Coleridge

Day 22 - Dunedin

Day 21 - Catlins

Day 20 - Milford Sound

Day 19 - Lake Wanaka

Day 18 - Wanaka

Day 17 - Moeraki

Day 16 - Fox Glacier

Day 15 - Hokitika

Day 14 - Golden bay

Day 13 - Golden bay

Day 12 - Wellington - Nelson

Day 9,10,11 Carterton

Day 6,7,8 - Rotorua

Day 5 - Auckland

Day 4 - Auckland