 |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Till Sp2de |
|
Uppdaterad |
|
Kinas historia i maoistisk version Inledning China reconstructs hette en månadstidskrift som gavs ut i Peking 1952-1989. I septembernumret 1963 publicerade man en kort resumé av det kinesiska samhällets historia, som den dåvarande maoistiska regimen såg den. Do you know? Primitive Society The earliest known tool-making human being living in a primitive society in China was the peking man (Sinanthropus pekinensis), dating back 500.000 years. Matriarchal clan societys evolved about 50.000 years ago, and agriculture gradually became the main source of livelihood. Patriarchal clan communities emerged approximately 5.000 years ago, leading to the formation of tribes and tribal alliances. Slave Society During the Hsia dynasty approximately 4.000 years back, China entered the stage of slave society and a state ruled by slave-owners was established in the lower reaches of the Yellow river, which became the cradle of the ancient Chines civilazation. The Shang dynasty (17th-11th centuries B.C.) saw the discovery of bronze and the practice of sericulture. Feudal Society In the warring States period (475-221 B.C.) as the forces of production greatly developed with the wide use of iron tools, slave society was gradually transformed into feudal society. In 221 B.C. Shih Huangti of the Chin dynasty, the builder of the Great Wall, consolidated the first feudal empire in Chines history, centralizing power in the person of an autocratic ruler. The feudal system lasted more than 2.000 years, during which a rich culture was created. The peasant economy was under the control of the emperor, the nobility and the landllords. Exploiation and oppression of the peasants were intense; uprisings and insurrections were unending and frequently on a massive scale. Semi-colonial and Semi-feudal Society Due to the penetration of foreign imperialism, national capitalism in China never had the opportunity to grow as it did in western countries. As a result result of the Opium War which britain forced on China in 1840, and repeated imperialist aggressions by many countries including Britain, the United States, France, Germany and Japan, the country became semi-colonial and semi-feudal. Imperialists had grasped control of China´s vital economical and finacial arteries, and its political and military power as well. The Chinese people suffered greatly under the imperialists and their lackeys. The 1911 revolution led by the Chines bourgoisie destroyed the 2.000-year-old absolute monarchy. But the the bourgoisie proved to be incapable of leading the people in overthrowing imperialism and feudalism. It was only after the Chines Communist Party– vanguard of the working class– assumed the leadership that victory over these enemies became possible. Socialist Society The founding of the People´s Republic of China in 1949 marked the victory of the new democratic victory of the new democratic revolution and ushered in the socialist revolution. Socialist society has been established. The country is under the leadership of the working class and based on the worker-peasant alliance. There is democracy for the people /the working class, the peasntry, the urban petty bourgoisie and the national bourgoisie), who enforce dictatorship over the landlord class, the bureaucratic-bourgoisie and the representatives of thes classes, and the Kuomintang reactionairies and their accomplices. The Chinese people are now working hard to build up the socialist country. Frågor
|
|||