Why the Sky Was Red in Munch's 'The Scream'
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - For those who have ever
wondered why the sky was a lurid red in "The Scream" -- Edvard Munch's painting
of modern angst -- astronomers have an answer.
Why the Sky Was Red in Munch's
'The Scream'
WASHINGTON (Reuters)
- For those who have ever wondered why the sky was
a lurid red in "The Scream" -- Edvard Munch's painting of modern angst --
astronomers have an answer. They blame it on a volcanic eruption half a world
away.
In
the first detailed analysis of what inspired the painting, an article published
on Tuesday in Sky and Telescope pinpointed the location in Norway where Munch
and his friends were walking when the artist saw the blood-red sky depicted in
the 1893 painting, and offered an explanation for why the sky seemed to be
aflame.
Donald Olson, a physics and
astronomy professor at Texas State University, and his colleagues determined
that debris thrown into the atmosphere by the great eruption at the island of
Krakatoa, in modern Indonesia, created vivid red twilights in Europe from
November 1883 through February 1884.
The
local newspaper in what is now Oslo reported that the phenomenon was widely
seen, the astronomers said.
Olson and
his colleagues suggest that Munch drew his inspiration for the sky in the
painting from these volcanic twilights, and not from his own
imagination.
The most famous version of
"The Scream" was painted in 1893 as part of "The Frieze of Life," a group of
works derived by Munch's personal experiences, including the deaths of his
mother in 1868 and his sister in 1877. These works were created in the 1890s,
but have established origins in earlier
decades.
To reach their conclusion, the
astronomers determined Munch's vantage point in the
painting.
"One of the high points of our
research trip to Oslo came when we rounded a bend in the road and realized we
were standing in the exact spot where Munch had been 120 years ago," Olson
recalled in a statement.
"It was very
satisfying to stand in the exact spot where an artist had his experience," he
said. "The real importance of finding the location, though, was to determine the
direction of view in the painting. We could see that Munch was looking to the
southwest -- exactly where the Krakatoa twilights appeared in the winter of
1883-84."
Posted: Thu - April 1, 2004 at 02:27 PM