"Fear must of necessity become the predominant passion in all
countries subject to the uncontrolled dominion of an individual and his
ministers: but fear chills the blood, and freezes the faculties. Under
its icy influence there can arise no generous emulation, no daring spirit
of adventure. Enterprise is considered as dangerous, not merely from the
general casualty of all human affairs, but because it excites notice,
and alarms the jealousy of selfish power. Under a despotic government,
to steal through life unobserved, to creep, with timid caution, through
the vale of obscurity, is the first wisdom; and to be suffered to die
in old age, in the course of nature, without the prison, the chain, the
halter, or the axe, the highest pitch of human felicity.
Ignorance of the grossest kind, ignorance of man's nature and rights,
ignorance of all that tends to make and keep us happy, disgraces and renders
wretched more than half the earth, at this moment, in consequence of its
subjugation to despotic power. Ignorance, robed in imperial purple, with
pride and cruelty by her side, sways an iron sceptre over more than one
hemisphere. In the finest and largest regions of this planet which we
inhabit, there are no liberal pursuits and professions, no contemplative
delights, nothing of that pure, intellectual employment which raises man
from the mire of sensuality and sordid care, to a degree of excellence
and dignity, which we conceive to be angelic and celestial. Without knowledge
or the means of obtaining it, without exercise or excitements, the mind
falls into a state of infantile imbecility and dotage; or acquires a low
cunning, intent only on selfish and mean pursuits, such as is visible
in the more ignoble of the irrational creatures, in foxes, apes, and monkies.
Among nations so corrupted, the utmost effort of genius is a court intrigue
or a ministerial cabal."
Vicesimus Knox, The Spirit of Depsotism
(1795), pp. 146-47. .
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