LIST OF RUSSIAN SOVEREIGNS 1276-1917

DUCHY OF MUSCOVY 1276-1328:
RURIK DYNASTY (Rurikovichi)


Duke Daniel

c. 1276-1303: DANIEL OF MUSCOVY (Danil Moskovsky)
Born in 1261.
Father: Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky of Novgorod. Mother: Grand Duchess Alexandra of Polotsk.
Married.
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned:
-YURI (*1281,+1325),
-IVAN I (*1288,+1340).
Died in 1303.
Buried in Danilov Monastery in Moscow.

1303-1325: YURI
Born in 1281.
Father: Duke Daniel of Muscovy.
Married firstly in 1297 an unknown princess.
Married secondly in 1316 Agafia (Konchaka).
He was never crowned.
Died in 1325 (murdered).
Buried in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.

1325-1328: IVAN I THE MONEY-BAGS (Ivan I Kalita; Grand Duke from 1328)

GRAND DUCHY OF MUSCOVY 1328-1547:
RURIK DYNASTY (Rurikovichi)
1328-1340: IVAN I THE MONEY-BAGS (Ivan I Kalita)
Born in 1288.
Father: Duke Daniel of Muscovy.
Married firstly Elena.
Married secondly Ulyana.
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned:
-SIMEON THE PROUD (*1317,+1353),
-IVAN II (*1326,+1359).
Died in 1340.
Buried in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.

1340-1353: SIMEON THE PROUD (Semion Gordyi)
Born in 1317.
Father: Grand Duke Ivan I of Muscovy. Mother: Elena.
Married firstly in 1333 Princess Anastasia of Lithuania (+1345).
Married secondly in 1345 Evpraxia. Divorced in 1346.
Married thirdly Princess Maria of Tver (+1399).
He was never crowned.
Died in 1353.
Buried in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.

1353-1359: IVAN II THE FAIR (Ivan II Krasnyi)
Born in 1326.
Father: Grand Duke Ivan I of Muscovy. Mother: Elena.
Married firstly in 1341 Theodosia of Briansk (+1342).
Married secondly in 1345 Alexandra Veliaminov (+1364).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned: DEMETRIUS DONSKOY (*1350,+1389; son of Alexandra).
Died in 1359.
Buried in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.


Grand Duke Demetrius Donskoy

1359-1389: DEMETRIUS DONSKOY (Dimitri Donskoy)
Born in 1350.
Father: Grand Duke Ivan II of Muscovy. Mother: Grand Duchess Alexandra Veliaminov.
Married in 1366 Princess Eudoxia of Suzdal (+1407).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned: BASIL I (*1371,+1425).
Died in 1389.
Buried with his consort Grand Duchess Eudoxia of Suzdal in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.

1389-1425: BASIL I (Vasily I)
Born in 1371.
Father: Grand Duke Demetrius Donskoy of Muscovy. Mother: Grand Duchess Eudoxia of Suzdal.
Married in 1391 Princess Sophia of Lithuania (*c. 1370,+1453).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned:
-Anna (*1393,+1415; Empress of Byzantium),
-BASIL II (*1415,+1462).
Died in 1425.
Buried with his consort Grand Duchess Sophia of Lithuania in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.

1425-1462: BASIL II THE BLIND (Vasily II Slepoy)
Born in 1415 in Moscow.
Father: Grand Duke Basil I of Muscovy. Mother: Grand Duchess Sophia of Lithuania.
Married in 1433 in Moscow Princess Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk (+1485).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned: IVAN III (*1440,+1505).
Died in 1462 in Moscow.
Buried with his consort Grand Duchess Maria in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.


Grand Duke Ivan III the Great

1462-1505: IVAN III THE GREAT (Ivan III Veliky)
Born in 1440 in Moscow.
Father: Grand Duke Basil II of Muscovy. Mother: Grand Duchess Maria Yaroslavna.
Married firstly in 1452 in Moscow Princess Maria Borisovna of Tver (*1442,+1467 Moscow).
Married secondly in 1472 in Moscow Princess Sophia of Byzantium (*1448/51,+1503 Moscow).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned:
-Helen (*1476,+1513; Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania; daughter of Sophia),
-BASIL III (*1479,+1533; son of Sophia).
Died in 1505 in Moscow.
Buried with his both consorts in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.


Grand Duke Basil III

1505-1533: BASIL III (Vasily III)
Born in 1479 in Moscow.
Father: Grand Duke Ivan III of Muscovy. Mother: Grand Duchess Sophia of Byzantium.
Married firstly in 1505 in Moscow Solomonia Yurevna Saburova (+1542). Divorced in 1525.
Married secondly in 1526 in Moscow Elena Ivanovna Glinskaya (*1506/07,+1538 Moscow).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned: IVAN IV (*1530,+1584; son of Elena).
Died in 1533 in Moscow.
Buried with his second consort Grand Duchess Elena in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.
His first consort Grand Duchess Solomonia was buried in the Intercession Convent at Suzdal.

1533-1547: IVAN IV THE TERRIBLE (Ivan IV Grozny; Czar from 1547)

CZARDOM OF MUSCOVY 1547-1721:
RURIK DYNASTY (Rurikovichi)


Czar Ivan IV the Terrible

1547-1584: IVAN IV THE TERRIBLE (Ivan IV Grozny)
Born in 1530 in Moscow.
Father: Grand Duke Basil III of Muscovy. Mother: Grand Duchess Elena Glinskaya.
Married firstly in 1547 in Moscow Anastasia Romanovna Zakharina-Yurieva (*c. 1530,+1560 Kolomenskoye).
Married secondly in 1561 in Moscow Maria Temrukovna Tcherkasskaya (+1569 Alexandrov).
Married thirdly in 1571 at Alexandrov Marfa Vasilievna Sobakina (*1552,+1571 Alexandrov).
Married fourthly in 1572 Anna Alexeyevna Koltovskaya (+1626). Divorced in 1572.
Married fifthly in 1574 Anna Grigoryevna Vasilchikova (+1577 Suzdal). Divorced in 1575.
Married sixthly Vassilisa Melentieva (+1579/80).
Married seventhly in 1580 Maria Fedorovna Nagaya (+1612).
He was crowned in 1547 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned: FEDOR I (*1557,+1598; son of Anastasia).
Died in 1584 in Moscow (probably poisoned).
Buried with his three consorts, czarinas: Anastasia Romanovna, Marfa Vasilievna and Maria Fedorovna Nagaya,
in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.
His two other consorts, czarinas Maria Temrukovna and Vassilisa Melentieva, were buried in
the Cathedral of the Trinity at Alexandrov.
Czarina Anna Vasilchikova was buried in the Intercession Convent at Suzdal.
Czarina Anna Koltovskaya was buried in the Presentation Convent at Tikhvin.


Czar Fedor I

1584-1598: FEDOR I (Fyodor I)
Born in 1557 in Moscow.
Father: Fyodor Nikitich Romanov. Mother: Xenia Ivanovna Shestova.
Married in 1580 Irina Fedorovna Godunova (*1557,+1603).
He and his consort Irina were crowned in 1584 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Died in 1598 in Moscow.
Buried with his second consort Czarina Irina Fedorovna in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.


HOUSE OF GODUNOV (Godunovy)


Czar Boris Godunov

1598-1605: BORIS GODUNOV
Born in 1550.
Father: Fyodor Godunov. Mother: Stepanida.
Married in 1570 Maria Grigoryevna Skuratova-Belskaya (+1605 Moscow).
He was crowned in 1598 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned: FEDOR II (*1589,+1605).
Died in 1605.
Buried firstly in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow. In 1606 reburied with his consort Czarina Maria
in the Cathedral of the Assumption at Sergeyev Posad.

1605: FEDOR II (Fyodor II)
Born in 1589.
Father: Czar Boris Godunov. Mother: Maria Skuratova-Belskaya
Unmarried.
Died in 1605 in Moscow (murdered).
Buried in the Cathedral of the Assumption at Sergeyev Posad.

MISCELLANEOUS HOUSES

1605-1606: DEMETRIUS I (Dimitri I Samozvanets)
Born in c. 1581 as Grigory Otrepyev.
Father: Stepan Otrepyev. Mother: ?
Married in 1606 at Moscow Maryna Mniszech (*c. 1588 in Poland,+1614 in Russia).
He was crowned in 1605, his consort was crowned in 1606, both in the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Overthrown in 1606.
Died in 1606 in Moscow (murdered).
His body was cremated outside Moscow and ashes scattered around.

1606-1610: BASIL IV (Vasily IV Shuisky)
Born in 1552.
Father: Prince Ivan Andreyevich Shuysky.
Married firstly Princess Elena Mikhailovna Repnina (+1592).
Married secondly in 1608 Princess Maria Petrovna Buinosova-Rostovskaya (+1626).
He was crowned in 1606 in the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Deposed in 1610 and captured by Polish troops. Imprisoned in Poland.
Died in 1612 at Gostynin, Poland.
Buried firstly at Gostynin. In 1620 he was reburied in a chapel constructed for him in Warsaw.
In 1635 his remains were translated to Moscow and buried alongside with those of his second consort Czarina
Maria Rostovskaya in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel.


Czar Ladislaus Vasa

1610-1613: LADISLAUS VASA OF POLAND (Vladislav Zygmuntovich;
Crown Prince of Poland, later King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania)
Born in 1595 in Lobzów near Cracow (Kraków), Poland.
Father: King Sigismund III Vasa of Poland-Lithuania. Mother: Queen Anna of Austria.
Unmarried while Czar of Muscovy.
He was never crowned in Muscovy.
Abdicated.
Died in 1648 in Merecz, Lithuania.
Buried at the Royal Basilica in Cracow (Kraków), Poland.

HOUSE OF ROMANOV (Romanovy)

1613-1645: MICHAEL (Mikhail Fyodorovich)
Born in 1596 in Moscow.
Father: Fyodor Nikitich Romanov. Mother: Xenia Ivanovna Shestova.
Married firstly in 1624 Maria Vladimirovna Dolgorukova (+1625).
Married secondly in 1626 Eudoxia Lukyanovna Streshneva (*1608,+1645).
He was crowned in 1613 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned: ALEXIS (*1629,+1676; son of Eudoxia).
Died in 1645 in Moscow.
Buried with his both consorts in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow
(both of his consorts had been originally interred in the Ascension Convent in the Moscow Kremlin and later translated).

1645-1676: ALEXIS (Aleksey Mikhailovich)
Born in 1629 in Moscow.
Father: Czar Michael of Muscovy. Mother: Czarina Eudoxia Stresheva.
Married firstly in 1648 in Moscow Maria Miloslavskaya (*1625 Moscow,+1669).
Married secondly in 1671 in Moscow Natalia Naryshkina (*1651 Moscow, +1694).
He was crowned in 1645 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned:
-FEDOR III (*1661,+1682; son of Maria),
-IVAN V (*1666,+1696; son of Maria),
-PETER I (*1672,+1725; son of Natalia).
Died in 1676 in Moscow.
Buried with his both consorts in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow (both of his consorts had been originally interred in the Ascension Convent in the Moscow Kremlin and later translated).

1676-1682: FEDOR III (Fyodor III)
Born in 1661 in Moscow.
Father: Czar Alexis of Muscovy. Mother: Czarina Maria Miloslavskaya.
Married firstly in 1680 in Moscow Agafia Grushetskaya (+1681 Moscow).
Married secondly in 1682 in Moscow Marfa Apraxina (*1664 Moscow, +1716 St Petersburg).
He was crowned in 1676 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Died in 1682 in Moscow.
Buried with his first consort Czarina Agafia Grushetskaya in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.
His second consort Czarina Marfa Apraxina was buried at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.

1682-1696: IVAN V
Born in 1666 in Moscow.
Father: Czar Alexis of Muscovy. Mother: Czarina Maria Miloslavskaya.
Married in 1684 in Moscow Praskovia Saltykova (+1664,+1723).
He was crowned in 1682 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow (with his brother Peter I).
His issue who reigned:
-Catherine (*1692,+1733; Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin),
-ANNA (*1693,+1740).
Died in 1696 in Moscow.
Buried in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.
His consort Czarina Praskovia Saltykova was buried in Alexander Nevsky Monastery in St Petersburg.

1682-1721: PETER I THE GREAT (Pyotr I Alekseyevich; Emperor from 1721)

RUSSIAN EMPIRE 1721-1917:
HOUSE OF ROMANOV (Romanovy)


Emperor Peter I

1721-1725: PETER I THE GREAT (Pyotr I Alekseyevich)
Born in 1672 in Moscow.
Father: Czar Alexis of Muscovy. Mother: Czarina Natalia Naryshkina.
Married firstly in 1689 in Moscow Eudoxia Lopukhina (*1670 Moscow,+1731; divorced 1698).
Married secondly in 1712 in St Petersburg Marta Skowronska, later Empress Catherine I (*1685 Jekabpils in Polish Livonia, now Latvia,+1727 St Petersburg).
He was crowned in 1682 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow (with his brother Ivan V).
His issue who reigned: ELIZABETH (*1709,+1762; daughter of Marta).
Died in 1725 in St Petersburg.
Buried with his second consort Empress Catherine I at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.
His first consort Czarina Eudoxia Lopukhina was buried in Novodevichy Convent in Moscow.

1725-1727: CATHERINE I (Yekaterina I)
Born in 1685 in Jekabpils in Polish Livonia (now Latvia).
Father: Samuel Skowronski.
Married in 1712 in St Petersburg Czar Peter I the Great of Muscovy.
She was crowned in 1724 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Her issue who reigned: ELIZABETH (*1709,+1762).
Died in 1727 in St Petersburg.
Buried at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.

1727-1730: PETER II (Pyotr II)
Born in 1715 in St Petersburg.
Father: Duke Alexis of Muscovy. Mother: Duchess Sophia Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
Unmarried.
He was crowned in 1728 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Died in 1730 in Moscow.
Buried in the Cathedral of St Michael the Archangel in Moscow.

1730-1740: ANNE (Anna Ioannovna; Duchess of Courland)
Born in 1693 in Moscow.
Father: Czar Ivan V of Muscovy. Mother: Czarina Praskovia Saltykova.
Married in 1710 in St Petersburg Duke Frederick William of Courland (*1692 Mitawa,+1711 Kippinghof).
She was crowned in 1730 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Died in 1740 in St Petersburg.
Buried in St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.

1740-1741: IVAN VI
Born in 1740 in St Petersburg.
Father: Duke Ulric of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Mother: Duchess Elizabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
Unmarried
He was never crowned
Deposed in 1741 and imprisoned.
Died in 1764 in Schlüsselburg Fortress (murdered).
Secretly buried outside the fortress walls. His grave was later destroyed.

1741-1762: ELIZABETH (Yelizavyeta Pyetrovna)
Born in 1709 at Kolomenskoye.
Father: Emperor Peter I the Great of Russia. Mother: Empress Catherine I of Russia.
Married morganatically (uncertain) in 1742 at Perovo Alexei Razumovsky (*1709 Lemesi, Ukraine,+1771 St Petersburg).
She was crowned in 1742 in the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Died in 1762 in St Petersburg.
Buried at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.

HOUSE OF HOLSTEIN-GOTTORP-ROMANOV: (click here to see the tree)
1762: PETER III (Pyotr III)
Born in 1728 at Kiel.
Father: Duke Charles Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp. Mother: Duchess Anna of Russia.
Married in 1745 Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, later Empress Catherine II (*1729 Szczecin,+1796 St Petersburg).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned: see under Catherine II. Peter III's fatherhood is highly doubtful.
Died in 1762 in Ropsha (murdered).
Buried at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Empress Catherine II

1762-1796: CATHERINE II THE GREAT (Yekaterina II)
Born in 1729 at Szczecin, Pomerania.
Father: Prince Christian Augustus of Anhalt-Zerbst. Mother: Princess Johanna of Holstein.
Married in 1745 Emperor Peter III of Russia (*1728 Kiel,+1762 St Petersburg).
She was crowned in 1762 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Her issue who reigned: PAUL I (*1754,+1801).
Died in 1796 in St Petersburg.
Buried at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Emperor Paul I

1796-1801: PAUL I (Pavel I)
Born in 1754 at St Petersburg.
Father: Emperor Peter III of Russia (?). Mother: Empress Catherine II of Russia.
Married firstly in 1773 in St Petersburg Wilhelmina of Hesse-Darmstadt (*1755 Prenzlau,+1776 St Petersburg).
Married secondly in 1776 in St Petersburg Duchess Sophia Dorothea of Württemberg (*1759 Szczecin,+1828 St Petersburg).
He was crowned in 1797 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned:
-ALEXANDER I (*1777,+1825; son of Sophia Dorothea),
-Maria (*1786,+1859; Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar),
-Catherine (*1788,+1819; Queen of Württemberg; daughter of Sophia Dorothea),
-Anna (*1795,+1865; Queen of the Netherlands; daughter of Sophia Dorothea),
-NICHOLAS I (*1796,+1855; son of Sophia Dorothea).
Died in 1801 in St Petersburg (murdered).
Buried with his second consort Empress Maria (née Sophia Dorothea of Württemberg) at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Emperor Alexander I

1801-1825: ALEXANDER I (Aleksandr I; King of Poland, Grand Duke of Finland)
Born in 1777 in St Petersburg.
Father: Emperor Paul I of Russia. Mother: Empress Maria Fedorovna née Sophia of Württemberg.
Married in 1793 at St Petersburg Princess Louise Marie of Baden (*1779 Karlsruhe,+1826 Byelev).
He and his consort were crowned in 1801 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Died in 1825 in Taganrog (S. Russia).
Buried with his consort Empress Elizabeth (née Louise of Baden) at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Emperor Nicholas I

1825-1855: NICHOLAS I (Nikolay I; King of Poland, Grand Duke of Finland)
Born in 1796 in Gatchina near St Petersburg.
Father: Emperor Paul I of Russia. Mother: Empress Maria Fedorovna née Sophia of Württemberg.
Married in 1817 at St Petersburg Princess Charlotte of Prussia (*1798 Charlottenburg,+1860 Tsarskoye Selo).
He and his consort were crowned in 1826 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned: ALEXANDER II (*1818,+1881).
Died in 1855 in St Petersburg.
Buried with his consort Empress Alexandra (née Charlotte of Prussia) at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Emperor Alexander II

1855-1881: ALEXANDER II (Aleksandr II; Grand Duke of Finland)
Born in 1818 in Moscow.
Father: Emperor Nicholas I of Russia. Mother: Empress Alexandra née Charlotte of Prussia.
Married firstly in 1841 at St Petersburg Princess Maximiliana Wilhelmina Maria of Hesse-Darmstadt (*1824 Darmstadt,+1880 St Petersburg).
Married secondly and morganatically in 1880 at Tsarskoye Selo Princess Catherine Dolgoruky (*1847 Moscow,+1922 Nice, France).
He and his consort Princess Maximiliana were crowned in 1855 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned: ALEXANDER III (*1845,+1894; son of Maximiliana).
Died in 1881 in St Petersburg (assassinated).
Buried with his first consort Empress Maria (née Maximiliana Wilhelmina Maria of Hesse-Darmstadt) at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Emperor Alexander III

1881-1894: ALEXANDER III (Aleksandr III; Grand Duke of Finland)
Born in 1845 at St Petersburg.
Father: Emperor Alexander II of Russia. Mother: Empress Maria née Maximiliana of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Married in 1866 at St Petersburg Princess Dagmar of Denmark (*1847 Copenhagen,+1928 Hvidovre, Denmark).
He and his consort were crowned in 1883 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
His issue who reigned: NICHOLAS II (*1868,+1918).
Died in 1894 at Livadia in the Crimea.
Buried at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.
His consort Empress Maria Fedorovna (née Dagmar of Denmark) was buried at Roskilde Cathedral, Denmark.
In 2006 she was reburied at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.


Emperor Nicholas II

1894-1917: NICHOLAS II (Nikolay II; Grand Duke of Finland)
Born in 1868 at St Petersburg.
Father: Emperor Alexander III of Russia. Mother: Empress Maria Fedorovna née Dagmar of Denmark.
Married in 1894 at St Petersburg Princess Alice of Hesse (*1872 Darmstadt,+1918 Yekaterinburg).
He and his consort were crowned in 1896 at the Cathedral of the Assumption in Moscow.
Dethroned and abdicated in 1917. Deported to Yekaterinburg in Siberia.
Died in 1918 at Yekaterinburg (executed).
Buried firstly with his consort Empress Alexandra (née Alice of Hesse) in a pit near Yekaterinburg.
In 1998 their remains were reburied at St Peter and Paul's Cathedral in St Petersburg.

REPUBLIC OF RUSSIA FROM 1917