Mythical Chronology
Chart
| Preliminary notes about the table |
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Table's limits
The table below does not establish precise
historical dates, but shows the relative position
in time of certain legends and characters as may be
deduced from the legends themselves.
Immortals
Among those listed as immortals (the first generations of beings), some have been reported dead: the CYCLOPES, the GIANTS, the Gorgon Medusa 1, Echidna, Orthus, Chimera, the Sphinx and Ladon 4 (see also BESTIARY). The ERINYES, the MELIAD NYMPHS, the GIANTS, and Aphrodite were born as a result of the Castration of Uranus. The immortals are listed in the order of their appearance, according to Hesiod. Dionysus 2 was born much later and is not included in this table. He is the grandson of Cadmus (found in the table in the list under Thebes).
Mortals
Each person in the lists of mortals counts as one generation, three generations completing one century. Continuity has been established, in most cases, through parentage or throne succession. Mortals written in red fought in the Trojan War. It may be seen, by comparing the lists horizontally, who were living at the same time. The assertion that some of these mortals became immortals has been disregarded.
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Mythical Chronology
Names in this chart: Abas 2, Acrisius, Actaeus 1, Adrastus 1, Aegeus 1, Aegialeus 2, Aegyrus, Aeneas, Aeolus 1, Aepytus 2, Aeropus 2, Aether, Agamemnon, Agenor 1, Agesilaus, Agis 1, Agrippa, Alba, Alcamenes, Alcmena, Aleus, Allodius, Amphictyon, Ancus Marcius, Andropompus 1, Aphareus 1, Aphidas, Aphrodite, Apis 2, Apollo, Arcadia, Arcas 1, Arcisius, Ares, Argelaus 4, Argos, Argus 1, Aristodemus, Aristomachus 2, Artemis, Asteria 1, Astraeus 1, Athena, Athens, Atlas, Atreus, Autesion 1, Aventinus 2, Belus 1, Bia, Borus 3, Cadmus, Calchinia, Callisto, Capetus 2, Capys 2, Cecrops 1, Cecrops 2, Cephallenia, Cephalus 1, Cepheus 2, Ceto 1, Chaos, CHARITES, Chimera, Chrysorthe, Chthonophyle, Cleodaeus 2, Codrus, Cometes 4, Coronus 2, Cranaus, Cratos, Cresphontes, Crete, Cronos, Crotopus, CYCLOPES, Damasichthon 2, Danae, Danaus 1, Dardanus 1, Deimos, Deion, Demophon 1, Deucalion 1, Deucalion 2, Doryssus, Dotadas, Echemus, Echestratus, Echidna, Egypt, Electryon 1, Eos, Eosphorus, Epaphus 1, Epimetheus, Epytus 2, Erebus, Erechtheus, Erichthonius 1, Erichthonius 2, ERINYES, ERIS' OFFSPRING, Eros, Europa, Europs 1, Eurybia 1, Eurysthenes 1, Evarete, Gaia, Gelanor, GIANTS, Glaucus 8, GORGONS, GRAEAE, HARPIES, Hebe, Hecate, HECATONCHEIRES, Hector 1, Helius, Hellen 1, Hemera, Hephaestus, Heracles 1, Hermes, Hippodamia 3, Hippolytus 5, HORAE, Hyllus 1, Ianiscus, Iasus 3, Idas 2, Idomeneus 1, Ilithyia, Ilus 2, Io, Iris 1, Isthmius 2, Labdacus 1, Labotas, Lacestades, Ladocus, Ladon 4, Laertes, Laius 1, Lamedon, Laomedon 1, Latinus 2, Lelex 2, Leto, Leucippus 5, Leucus 1, Libya, Lycaon 2, Lycastus 1, Lynceus 2, Medon 11, Melanthus 1, MELIAD NYMPHS, Menoetius 1, Messenia, Minos 1, Minos 2, MUSES, Mycenae, Nemean Lion, NEREIDS, Nereus, Nestor, Nike, Niobe 1, Numa 3, Numitor 2, Nyx, NYX'S OFFSPRING, OCEANIDS, Odysseus, Oedipus, OLYMPIANS (CRONIDES), Orestes 2, Orthopolis, Orthus, Cerberus 1, Palaechthon, Pallas 1, Pandion 2, Pandion 4, Pandora 1, Pelasgus 1, Penthilus 2, Peratus, Perieres 1, Persephone, Perses 1, Perseus 1, Phaestus 2, Phintas, Phobus 1, Phocis, Phorbas 1, Phorcus, Phoroneus, PLEIADES, Plemnaeus, Polybus 9, Polycaon 1, Polydorus 2, Polynices, Pontus, Priam 1, Proca, Prometheus 1, Ptolemy 2, Rhopalus, RIVER GODS, Rome, Romulus, Selene, Servius Tullius, Sicyon, Sicyon, Silvius, Sphinx, Sthenelas, Sybotas, Tarquinius Priscus, Tarquinius Superbus, Tartarus, Telchis, Teleclus, Telemachus, Teucer 2, Thaumas 1, Thebes, Thelxion, Thersander 1, Theseus, Thessaly, Thurimachus, Tiberinus 2, Tisamenus 1, Tisamenus 2, TITANS, Triopas 1, Triton, Tros 1, Troy, Tullus Hostilius, Typhon, Uranus, WINDS, Xanthus 6, Zelos, Zeus.
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Creation of the
World |
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Castration of
Uranus.
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The
Golden Age |
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Titanomachy.
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The
Silver Age |
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Beginning of the rule of
Zeus.
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Bronze
& Heroic Ages |
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Years BC
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Events
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Names of contemporaries
(not necessarily related to those events)
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1870
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Aegialeus 2.
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1800
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Phoroneus, Telchis.
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1700
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Phorbas 1, Aegyrus.
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1600
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Io, Calchinia.
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1550
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Gelanor.
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1480
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The Flood
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Aegyptus 1, Danaus 1, Deucalion 1, Agenor 1, Lycaon 2, Cranaus,
etc.
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1450
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The DANAIDS kill their husbands
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Lynceus 2, Teucer 2, Callisto, Hellen 1.
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1400
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Foundation of
Thebes
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Europa,
Cadmus, Arcas 1, Acrisius.
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1350-1300
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Foundation of
Mycenae and
Troy.
Killing of the
NIOBIDS.
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Perseus 1,
Pelops 1, Ilus 2, Cecrops 2, Laius 1,
Aeson, Procris 2,
Minos 2.
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1280-1200
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Gigantomachy.
Expedition of the
ARGONAUTS.
War of the SEVEN
AGAINST THEBES.
War of the EPIGONI.
Trojan War.
(These important events take place during less than a century.)
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1150
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Pyrrhus 2, Silvius, Autesion 1.
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Iron
Age |
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1100
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Return of the
HERACLIDES.
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Procles 2, Eurysthenes 1, Xanthus 6, Latinus 2, Melanthus 1.
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1000
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Colonization of
Ionia.
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Gras, Alba, Sous, Echestratus, Codrus 1.
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950
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Sybotas, Doryssus, Tiberinus 2.
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850
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Archelaus 4, Proca.
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750
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Foundation of Rome.
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Alcamenes, Romulus.
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600
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Tarquinius Priscus.
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550
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Tarquinius Superbus,
Croesus.
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| Marmor
Parium - Pétau -Vico |
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The Marmor Parium compared to the chronologies by Denis Pétau (1583-1652) from 1628, and Giambattista Vico (1668-1744) from 1744.
Tha Marmor Parium, deciphered by John Selden
(1584-1654), is one of the so called Arundel
marmors, which were secured in 1627 in Asia Minor.
The Marmor Parium was found in the island of Paros,
and parts of it were later used to repair Lord
Arundel's house. Another fragment of the same
marble was found in Paros in 1897. The chronology
of the Marmor Parium was written about 264 BC.
Pétau was a French chronologist. The
chronologies of the Parian marble and of
Pétau have not been consulted in order to
establish the tables above.
A fourth column has been added reproducing some
of the dates appearing in the chronology of the
New
Science (1744) by Giambattista Vico (1668-1744), historian, philosopher and professor in rhetoric in Naples.
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Events
All dates BC
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Marmor Parium
(264 BC)
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Pétau
(AD 1628)
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Giambattista Vico
(AD 1744)
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Prometheus 1
steals the fire
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2143
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King Cecrops 1 of Athens.
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1582
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King Deucalion 1
reigns in the region about Parnassus.
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1574
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c. 2030
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King Cranaus of
Athens.
Conflict between Ares
and Poseidon after the
death of Poseidon's son
Halirrhothius.
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1532
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The Flood in the age of
Deucalion 1.
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1529
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1529
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Amphictyon (son of
Deucalion 1), king of
Thermopylae.
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1522
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Hellen 1, king of Phthiotis, names Hellenes those who were
called Greeks (Graikoí) and institutes the
Panathenean games.
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1521
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1917
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Cadmus founds
Thebes.
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1519
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1551
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Eurotas and Lacedaemon, kings of Laconia.
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1516
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The DANAIDS arrive to
Rhodes.
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1511
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King Erichthonius 2 of Athens.
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1511
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1489
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Hyagnis, father of
Marsyas, invents the
flute.
King Erichthonius 2 celebrates the Panathenean games for the first time.
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Danaus 1 expels King Gelanor.
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1475
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1446
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Pandion 2 king of Athens.
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1439
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Demeter teaches
Triptolemus while
Erechtheus reigns in
Athens.
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1409
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Eumolpus 1 institutes the Eleusinian mysteries during the reign of Erechtheus in Athens.
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1387
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Tros 1 calls the people of the land Trojans, after his own name.
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1370
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Pelops 1 marries Hippodamia 3.
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1350
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Troy built.
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1327
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Reign in Athens of Pandion 4, son of Cecrops 2.
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1326
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1309
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King Aegeus 1 of
Athens.
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1284
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1247
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The voyage of the
ARGONAUTS.
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1263
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1199
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Labours of
Heracles 1.
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1238
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Theseus king of
Athens.
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1259
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1231
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SEVEN AGAINST
THEBES.
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1251
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1221
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AMAZONS invade
Attica.
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1209
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Death of Heracles 1
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1198
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Abduction of Helen
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1194
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Beginning of the Trojan
War.
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1218
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The fall of Troy.
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1209
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1184
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1179
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Demophon 1 king of Athens.
Teucer 1 builds Cyprian Salamis.
Orestes 2 acquitted
in the trial at Athens.
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1203
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Orestes 2 kills
Neoptolemus.
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1164
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Reign of Lydia founded by the
HERACLIDES.
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1137
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Return of the
HERACLIDES Cresphontes, Temenus 2 and Aristodemus.
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1103
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Eurysthenes 1 and Procles 2 start the two royal houses in Lacedaemon (Sparta).
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1102
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Reign of Codrus 1 in Athens
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1091-1071
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Colonization of Ionia by Neileus, son of Codrus 1.
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1077
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Foundation of Smyrna
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1026
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Lycurgus 7 (the Spartan lawgiver)
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879
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Olympic Games (see Olympia)
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(776)
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Foundation of Rome (other dates for the legendary foundation of Rome are 751 and 753 BC. For Throne Succession from Troy to Rome see Troy).
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745
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Servius Tullius (king of Rome)
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531 or 541
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Fall of the Tarquins (see Lucretia 2)
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551 or 561
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