Media, News, and Advocacy

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Overview

Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but not their own facts.
-- Daniel Patrick Moynhan, U.S. Senator [quoted on FactCheck.Org]

Get your facts first, and then you can distort them as much as you please.
-- Mark Twain, author and social critic

In a New Yorker article on Dan Rather's departure from CBS News (March 7, 2005), I discovered how stories are prioritized by time and placement, filling the 18 minutes of air time in the half-hour news show. Video pieces run from 90 seconds to 2-1/2 minutes, and there are several "tells", described as items read by the anchor. This is not enough time. One needs to search and read widely to be informed. In addition, the major news networks have fewer international resources than previously. Here is an excerpt from that New Yorker article:

Since the terror attacks of September 11, 2001, the networks have devoted more time to overseas news. Yet today Barry Peterson, a CBS correspondent based primarily in Tokyo, is responsible for covering all of Asia. CBS news usually has nine other correspondents based overseas—five in a hub office in London, three in Tel Aviv, one in Rome. It has no permanent bureau in the Arab or Muslim world, in Africa or South America. The network has small offices, although not correspondents, in several countries. Tom Fenton, who is seventy-four and had a thirty-four-year career, mainly as a foreign correspondent with CBS, writes in a new book, "Bad News", that in the late seventies and early eighties "CBS News ran fourteen major foreign bureaus, ten mini foreign bureaus, and stringers in forty-four countries around the world." Now, he told me CBS relies increasingly on information supplied by video wire services and overseas broadcasters. "It's television's equivalent of outsourcing."

What I also find troubling is the inability of cable news anchors and interviewers to clarify what is fact or fiction on either side of an issue. The current interview structure encourages both sides to present their information or analysis and leave it at that. If one side is far from the facts, equal treatment is a serious disservice to those of us working to understand. A committment to do rigorous pre-interview research and to challenge interviewees is needed. The integrity of the news is at stake.

In my regular routine, I check the daily salad bar of news at Google News. After checking a few articles that interest me, I visit BBC News online for its solid reporting. I listen to NPR in the car and also visit its web site. I tend to skip the blogs unless I really dig into a story and cast a wide net for coverage, opinion on both sides, etc.

A resource I use for an overview of an issue, person, or other topic is Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia maintained by folks in the Internet community. Because Wikipedia is an emerging technology, it has its flaws. See Wikipedia: Teapot Tempest for a discussion of a recent problem. Several days after that problem came to light, the British journal Nature did a comparison between Wikipedia entries and the Encyclopedia Brittanica. See the BBC article Wikipedia Survives Research Test and Brittanica's analysis (in PDF) of flaws in the study. (Nature responded but you have to pay to read it.) In any case, I find Wikipedia a handy resource and starting point. Entries often have a number of external links for further research and verification from original source material.

This page includes links to network and international or alternative news and left/liberal/progressive and right/conservative advocacy Web sites along with some humor. The final section here, "News About the News", includes links to organizations whose mission is to separate fact from fiction and spin in the news.

News Links

The best defense of democracy is an informed electorate.
-- Thomas Jefferson, U.S. president

Network News International/Alternative Political Humor

Advocacy

In a democracy, dissent is an act of faith.
-- James W. Fulbright (US senator)

Dissent protects the body politic from the virus of totalitarianism.
-- Roger Ebert, ending a review of the film Max

For having lived long, I have experienced many instances of being obliged by better information or fuller consideration to change opinions.
-- Ben Franklin

Included here are magazines and organization Web sites from both sides of the ideological divide. These sites feature writers who are passionate about policy development. Be aware that the language used can get a bit coarse, especially in blogs (web logs), as the writers rail against the opposition.

Left/Liberal/Progressive Right/Conservative

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News About the News

Any news organization that presumes to inform, educate and instruct America has a moral and fiduciary responsibility to at least make a 'best faith' effort to provide news and analysis that is really fair and balanced.
Geoff Metcalf, Accuracy in Media

Credibility in Question: Holding the Media Accountable
A PBS NewsHour overview of the effort to promote accuracy.

Accuracy in Media
Accuracy In Media is "a non-profit, grassroots citizens watchdog of the news media that critiques botched and bungled news stories and sets the record straight on important issues that have received slanted coverage." This conservative group has been around quite a long time and is often cited in news reports for objective analysis. Their motto is "For fairness, accuracy and balance in news reporting."

As an example, "AIM Report: Senator Clinton and the Fake News Scandal" is analysis of the issue of "video news releases" distributed, unlabeled by the white house, to news organizations on various topics from the war in Iraq to government programs. AIM found the practice did not begin with the Bush administration.

FreePress.Net
This site includes articles on corporate media and information providers. Covers media reform through outreach, activism, lobbying and networking. Describes itself as "a national nonpartisan organization working to increase informed public participation in crucial media policy debates, and to generate policies that will produce a more competitive and public interest-oriented media system with a strong nonprofit and noncommercial sector." It considers itself neither conservative nor liberal in focus.

As an example, read the article "Community Internet: Broadband as Public Policy" to understand how well connected corporations can hamper municipalities efforts to offer Internet access to reduce the digital divide.

FactCheck.Org
FactCheck.Org is "a nonpartisan, nonprofit, 'consumer advocate' for voters that aims to reduce the level of deception and confusion in U.S. politics. We monitor the factual accuracy of what is said by major U.S. political players in the form of TV ads, debates, speeches, interviews, and news releases." Always a valuable resource during the election season, it continues to separate fact from political spin as policy arguments heat up.

For example, the article "A Rigged 'Calculator'" reviews Democratic false assumptions on Social Security private accounts while "Pro-Bush Group Overstates Social Security Shortfall" covers spin from the opposition on how quickly the system's finances will fail.

International Consortium of Investigative Journalists
This group covers a wide range of international and national issues following the journalistic mottos of "writing the first drafts of history" and "monitoring centers of power." From the site: "The Center for Public Integrity is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, tax-exempt organization that conducts investigative research and reporting on public policy issues in the United States and around the world."

Partisan Media Watchdogs
Naturally, there are media watchdog groups that support a particular ideological base. Here are two:
Bad News: The Decline of Reporting, the Business of News and the Danger to Us All
Author Tom Fenton had a thirty-four-year career as senior European correspondent with CBS. In this book, he takes the industry to task for its emphasis on the bottom line, the roll-back of foreign resources, and similar actions that compromise the breadth and accuracy of international news.

Project Censored
Here is an organization that finds stories that "slip through the cracks" of the newsroom floor at the major papers and networks.

Project Censored is a media research group out of Sonoma State University which tracks the news published in independent journals and newsletters. From these, Project Censored compiles an annual list of 25 news stories of social significance that have been overlooked, under-reported or self-censored by the country's major national news media.

You can find the top censored stories on their publications page. See the entry on this organization at Wikipedia.

See also the "Issue Language and Media Coverage" section of the Democracy, Electoral Politics, and Accountability page for resources on propaganda, point of view, press bias and values language.

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Last Modified: 9-May-08
Paul Corr, ©
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