Hyperemia – too much blood to a part of the body.   Can be active or passive.

Ischemia – too little blood to part of a the body.   Can be sudden or gradual.

Plethora – too much blood in the whole system

TIA’s – transient ischemic attacks.   Warning signs for strokes.

Myocardial infarction – the coronary artery becomes blocked preventing blood from flowing to the heart muscle.   The muscle tissue dies due to oxygen deprivation.

ADH – anti dieuretic hormone.   Regulates water in   the body

Dehydration – excessive loss of water due to illness or fluid deprivation.

Adema -   too much fluid (water) in the body.   (inflammation or congestive heart failure)

Lymphedema – too much lymph fluid in a part of the body

Ascites – an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

Plural effusion – fluid in the lungs

Hemorrhage – the escape or lose of blood from a vessel

Shock – a circulatory disturbance characterized by a disparity (unequal distibution) between blood volume and the capacity of the blood vessels.

Hypovolemic shock – is shock caused by a   low blood volume (loss of blood)

Normovolemic shock – shock due to cardiac failure, septisemia, drugs, etc (normal blood volume)

Ecchymosis – the passage of blood from a ruptured vessel into subcutaneous tissue

Hematuria – blood in the urine

Contusion – any closed wound

Hematoma – blood clot

Petechia – spider veins

Epistaxis – nosebleed

Hemoptysis – cough up of blood

Melanin – a dark pigment found in the eyes, skin, hair, and meninges that protects the body from UV rays

Vitiligo – random patches of melanin on the body

Xeroderma pigmentosa – dry fragile skin that Is extremely sensitive to UV light

Nevus / nevi – is a mole, densely concentrated area with melanin

Hemoglobin –   The iron-containing respiratory pigment in red blood cells

The Anemia’s – is a group of diseases which are characterized by too few blood cells or deficient blood cells

Marrow suppressive anemia – can be caused by chemo, RT, or uncontrolled radiation exposure and causes immature RBC’s to develop.

Sickle cells anemia – the RBC becomes sickle shaped

Bilirubin – is a breakdown product of   hemoglobin